Deck 8: Composition and Function of Connective Tissue

Question 1

Which term is described as an abundant component of the connective tissue matrix that contributes to the stability and strength of the extracellular matrix?

A) Elastin
B) Collagen
C) Proteoglycans
D) Ground substance
E) Lipids

Answer 1

Collagen

Question 2

Which term is defined as a noncollagenous glycoprotein found in varying amounts in tissues requiring motion (elasticity),with a unique ability to deform under stress and then return to its original shape and orientation?

A) Elastin
B) Collagen
C) Proteoglycans
D) Tendons
E) Lipids

Answer 2

Elastin

Question 3

Which term is defined as programmed cell death?

A) Cell necrosis
B) Apoptosis
C) Regeneration
D) Hypoxia

Answer 3

Apoptosis

Question 4

Select the best description of laminin.

A) An amorphous,nonfibrous,aqueous-gel substance that is responsible for facilitating the exchange of water,oxygen,cells,and gases,and also provides mechanical support between various tissues
B) A minor constituent in the extracellular matrix of connective tissue that helps with orientation and maintenance of matrix structure
C) A substance that regulates the spread of cells and attracts and binds various connective tissue cells together
D) A multifunctional glycoprotein found in the extracellular matrix that is important in establishing epithelial tissue in wound healing

Question 5

Of the cell types involved in an injury repair,which cell is described as the powerhouse of the cells and produces adenosine triphosphate (ATP)and protein synthesis?

A) Organelle
B) Golgi apparatus
C) Lysosomes
D) Mitochondria

Question 6

Which cells are the scavenger cells that function in phagocytosis,antigen presentation,and production of cytokine growth factors during the inflammatory process?

A) Mitochondria
B) Macrophages
C) Neutrophils
D) Fibroblasts

Question 7

Which cells stimulate cell proliferation,differentiation,and regulation of normal growth?

A) Mitochondria
B) Prostaglandins
C) Cytokines
D) Neutrophils

Question 8

Which phase of the healing process is characterized by a degradation of excess collagen and the maturation of collagen?

A) Acute inflammation
B) Fibroplasia
C) Remodeling
D) None of the above

Question 9

Which selection is the correct sequence of wound healing?

A) Reaction,hemostasis,remodeling,regeneration
B) Reaction,hemostasis,regeneration,remodeling
C) Hemostasis,remodeling,regeneration,reaction
D) Hemostasis,reaction,regeneration,remodeling

Question 10

What is the name of the connective tissue membrane surrounding the entire muscle?

A) Fascicle
B) Epimysium
C) Perimysium
D) Glycosaminoglycan

Question 11

Which cell is responsible for stopping bleeding after an injury?

A) Neutrophil
B) Macrophage
C) Platelet
D) Red blood cell

Question 12

What triggers the inflammatory response?

A) An injury
B) Release of histamine from mast cells surrounding the tissue
C) Platelets and fibroblasts
D) Angiogenesis

Question 13

Which cytokines are activated by T cells,are potent activators of neutrophils,and are important regulators of acute inflammatory reactions? These are sometimes involved in different forms of arthritis.

A) TNF- $\beta$
B) Granulocytes
C) Interleukin-1
D) Interleukin-3

Question 14

What are the two classic functions of connective tissues?

A) Mechanical support for bone and soft tissues
B) Balance and coordination
C) Intercellular exchange of oxygen,blood,water,gases,cells,and wastes
D) A and C

Question 15

How many days does the acute inflammation phase last?

A) 1-2
B) 3-5
C) 5-7
D) 7-9

Question 16

Which cytokine stimulates cell proliferation of cartilage matrix and bone tissue?

A) Transforming growth factor- $\beta$
B) Platelet-derived growth factor
C) Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)
D) Tumor necrosis factor (TNF- $\alpha$ )

Question 17

Which type of cell is continuously regenerating and proliferating?

A) Labile
B) Stable
C) Cytokines
D) Lysosomes

Question 18

What is ground substance?

A) An amorphous,nonfibrous,aqueous-gel substance that is responsible for facilitating the exchange of water,oxygen,cells,and gases and also provides mechanical support between various tissues
B) A minor constituent in the extracellular matrix of connective tissue that helps with orientation and maintenance of matrix structure
C) A substance that regulates the spread of cells and attracts and binds various connective tissue cells together
D) A multifunctional glycoprotein found in the extracellular matrix,important in establishing epithelial tissue in wound healing

Question 19

Which cells are responsible for autolysis leading to tissue necrosis?

A) Neutrophils
B) Mitochondria
C) Cytokines
D) Lysosomes

Question 20

Of the cell types involved in an injury repair,which cell is described as the most abundant granulocyte that migrates to damaged tissue after mediation and function in the initial phagocytosis of foreign matter,bacteria,and cellular debris?

A) Mitochondria
B) Macrophages
C) Neutrophils
D) Fibroblasts