Deck 9: Nutrition

Question 1

During a nutritional assessment,a 79-year-old patient responds,"My weight is fine.I weigh the same as I did 15 years ago." The nurse responds based on the understanding that older patients

A)generally guess their weight rather than weigh themselves.
B)often rely on how their clothes fit to determine whether their weight has changed.
C)sometimes experience altered metabolic problems that hide weight change.
D)often exchange lean muscle mass for body fat so weight stays the same.

Answer 1

often exchange lean muscle mass for body fat so weight stays the same.

Question 2

The nurse is caring for several patients on an inpatient unit who are either malnourished or at nutritional risk.Which patient would the nurse determine is a candidate for parenteral nutrition? (Select all that apply. )

A)Recent neck dissection for throat cancer
B)Admitted with severe inflammatory bowel disease
C)Prealbumin level of 7 mg/dL
D)Lost 10 pounds after GI virus
E)Severe pancreatitis exacerbation

Answer 2

Admitted with severe inflammatory bowel disease
Severe pancreatitis exacerbation

Question 3

A patient is newly widowed and lives alone.Which suggestion by the nurse will help the adult children maximize the patient's nutritional status?

A)Help identify possible barriers to their mother achieving good nutritional health.
B)Ensure that the patient has an adequate supply of healthy,easily prepared foods.
C)Contact a food delivery service to provide one nutritiously sound meal a day.
D)Arrange a schedule that allows someone to have dinner with her each evening.

Answer 3

Arrange a schedule that allows someone to have dinner with her each evening.

Question 4

The nurse conducting a food recall assessment on an older adult patient shows an understanding of the requirements of the process when doing which of the following?

A)Having the patient identify any existing food allergies
B)Asking the family to verify the patient's statements
C)Asking how the food being discussed was prepared
D)Correlating diet information with signs of malnutrition

Question 5

The nurse caring for older adult patients best minimizes the patient's risk of developing dehydration by

A)identifying the patient's oral fluid preferences and offering them regularly.
B)carefully monitoring the effects of daily diuretics via blood sodium levels.
C)minimizing the patient's reliance on laxatives by increasing dietary fiber intake.
D)carefully monitoring of the rate of infusion of all intravenous fluids prescribed.

Question 6

A nurse is caring for a vegetarian patient who has a protein deficiency.What menu items does the nurse select for the patient?

A)Lean beef
B)Chicken
C)Beans
D)Pork

Question 7

A nurse works with a patient who is malnourished.What lab value does the nurse assess for the most up-to-date information on the patient's status?

A)Albumin
B)Prealbumin
C)Transferrin
D)Total iron

Question 8

A patient has dysphasia.What assessment by the nurse would indicate that the priority goal for this problem has been met?

A)Patient eats 75% of all meals.
B)Patient uses adaptive swallowing techniques.
C)Patient's lungs are clear.
D)Patient remains sitting up after meals.

Question 9

The nurse has admitted a patient with sarcopenia to the hospital for pneumonia.What action by the nurse takes priority?

A)Follow universal precautions while doing care.
B)Place the patient on fall risk status.
C)Encourage a high protein diet.
D)Request a physical therapy consultation.

Question 10

The nurse has conducted a nutrition screen on a patient using the Nutrition Screening Initiative tool.The patient scored a 4.What action by the nurse is most appropriate?

A)Refer the patient to a dietician for a nutritional assessment.
B)Encourage the patient to add more protein items to the diet.
C)Reinforce the patient's good eating habits and nutrition.
D)Consult the provider about adding an iron supplement.

Question 11

A community nurse assesses participants at a senior center for risk of malnutrition.What senior does the nurse consider most at risk for malnutrition?

A)Impoverished
B)Lives alone
C)Has dentures
D)Has arthritis

Question 12

A nurse is caring for four patients.On which patient should the nurse plan to conduct a further nutritional assessment?

A)The patient who has lost 10% of body weight in 1 month
B)The patient who has lost 5 pounds with exercise in 1 month
C)The patient who gained 3 pounds while on vacation
D)The patient who weighs 12% over ideal body weight

Question 13

A nurse visits an older adult living with family.The adult's lab results show a vitamin D deficiency.The adult refuses to take any more medications.What action by the nurse is best?

A)Offer to call the provider for a different supplement.
B)Document the person's refusal to take the supplement.
C)Encourage the person to get direct sunlight each day.
D)Inform the person that B vitamins aren't absorbed without D.

Question 14

An older adult patient has experienced severe nausea and vomiting for 2 days since undergoing abdominal surgery.What explanation to the family best explains this test?

A)"The provider is interested in whether there is enough available protein in the blood."
B)"This test is designed to determine how the body is meeting current demands for protein."
C)"The test will tell us if the vomiting has created a problem with protein metabolism."
D)"Healing from such a surgery requires protein,and this test measures protein."

Question 15

The nurse is supervising unlicensed assistive personnel (UAPs)while they feed different residents at a nursing home.The nurse offers which suggestion to the UAP feeding a resident with apraxia of swallowing?

A)Cut the food into smaller pieces.
B)Remind the resident to swallow.
C)Offer fluids between bites.
D)Sit the resident up straighter.

Question 16

The nurse assesses patients for drug-nutrient interactions.What medication/nutrition combination is problematic? (Select all that apply. )

A)Digitalis and nausea
B)Steroids and weight gain
C)Furosemide and potassium retention
D)Mineral oil and fat-soluble vitamin deficiency
E)Acetaminophen and diarrhea

Question 17

The nurse notes a patient's prealbumin is 2 mg/dL.What action by the nurse is best?

A)Tell the patient to add more protein to the diet.
B)Conduct a nutritional screening with a standard tool.
C)Refer the patient to a registered dietician.
D)Instruct the patient to maintain good nutritional habits.

Question 18

A patient has xerostomia.What intervention should the nurse add to the patient's care plan?

A)Sit the patient upright when eating.
B)Offer creamed soups and pudding.
C)Have the patient double swallow.
D)Give fluids after each bite of food.

Question 19

An older patient asks why he needs a multivitamin supplement.The patient has always been healthy,has excellent nutrition,and has never needed vitamins.What explanation by the nurse is best?

A)Older people tend to eat fewer calories,so it's harder to get nutrients.
B)You need to have extra nutritional reserves in case of sudden illness.
C)It's recommended in all the nutritional guidelines for older adults.
D)Now that you are older,your good nutritional habits are not enough.