Deck 7: Covalent Bonding

Question 1

How many possible resonance structures exist for carbonate ion,CO₃^2-?

A) 0
B) 1
C) 3
D) 6
E) 8

Answer 1

3

Question 2

How many possible resonance structures exist for the formate ion,HCO₂−?

A) 0
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 8

Answer 2

2

Question 3

Which of the following elements is able to form a molecular structure that exceeds the octet rule?

A) C
B) B
C) N
D) F
E) S

Answer 3

S

Question 4

Which of the following is a correct Lewis structure for oxygen?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 5

Which of the following is a correct Lewis structure for sulfur dioxide,SO₂?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 6

How many different molecules have the formula C₅H₁₂?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 6

Question 7

Which of the following species has a Lewis structure with a molecular geometry similar to SO₃?

A) NH₃
B) ICl₃
C) CO₃²⁻
D) SO₃²⁻
E) PCl₃

Question 8

Which of the following molecules or ions will have a Lewis structure most like that of phosphorus trichloride,PCl₃?

A) ClO₃^-
B) SO₃
C) CO₃^2-
D) BF₃
E) Cl₂CO

Question 9

A fluoride ion,F^-,has _____ valence electrons.

A) 6
B) 7
C) 8
D) 9
E) 10

Question 10

Which of the following species will have a Lewis structure with a molecular geometry similar to IF₄^-?

A) XeF₄
B) SO₄^2-
C) PF₄⁺
D) SF₄
E) IO₄^-

Question 11

All of the following Lewis structures of nitrogen oxides are possible EXCEPT:

A) N₂O.
B) N₂O₄.
C) N₂O₃.
D) N₂O₅.
E) All of the above are correct structures.

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct Lewis structure for PH₃?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 13

Which of the following is/are possible Lewis structures for C₂H₆O?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 2 and 3
E) 1,2,and 3

Question 14

What is the correct Lewis structure of SF₄?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 15

What is the correct Lewis structure for IF₃?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 16

A nitrogen atom has _____ valence electrons.

A) 0
B) 3
C) 5
D) 7
E) 8

Question 17

Which of the following are correct resonance structures of N₂O₄?

A) (1)and (2)
B) (2)and (3)
C) (1), (2),and (3)
D) (2), (3),and (4)
E) (1), (2), (3),and (4)

Question 18

Which of the following are correct resonance structures of SO₃?

A) (1)and (5)
B) (2)and (4)
C) (1), (2),and (4)
D) (2), (3),and (4)
E) (1), (2), (4),and (5)

Question 19

Which of the following species has a Lewis structure with a molecular geometry similar to SO₂?

A) H₂S
B) NO₂−
C) NO₂
D) N₂O
E) ClO₂−

Question 20

Which of the following species has a Lewis structure with a molecular geometry similar to SF₄?

A) BrF₄⁺
B) ICl₄−
C) NH₄⁺
D) SO₄²⁻
E) CCl₄

Question 21

Which of the following species have the same molecular geometry: PO₄³⁻,SF₄,PF₅,and XeF₄?

A) PO₄³⁻ and SF₄
B) SF₄ and PF₅
C) PO₄³⁻,SF₄,and XeF₄
D) SF₄ and XeF₄
E) None of the species have the same molecular geometry.

Question 22

Use VSEPR theory to predict the molecular geometry around each carbon atom in acetylene,C₂H₂.

A) linear
B) bent
C) trigonal planar
D) tetrahedron
E) octahedron

Question 23

How many lone pairs of electrons are on the sulfur atom in sulfite ion,SO₃²⁻?

A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) 3
E) 4

Question 24

Which of the following species have the same molecular geometry: CO₂,H₂O,BeCl₂,and N₂O?

A) CO₂ and N₂O only
B) H₂O and N₂O only
C) H₂O and BeCl₂ only
D) CO₂ and BeCl₂ only
E) CO₂,BeCl₂,and N₂O

Question 25

Use VSEPR theory to predict the molecular geometry of IF₅.

A) octahedron
B) square planar
C) tetrahedron
D) see-saw
E) square pyramid

Question 26

Use VSEPR theory to predict the molecular geometry of nitrogen trichloride,NCl₃.

A) linear
B) trigonal planar
C) bent
D) tetrahedron
E) trigonal pyramid

Question 27

The nitrogen atom in cyanide ion,CN^-,is surrounded by:

A) one single bond and three lone pairs of electrons.
B) one double bond and one lone pair of electrons.
C) one double bond and two lone pairs of electrons.
D) one triple bond and one lone pair of electrons.
E) one triple bond and no lone pairs of electrons.

Question 28

Use VSEPR theory to predict the molecular geometry of I₃^-.

A) bent
B) linear
C) trigonal planar
D) t-shaped
E) octahedron

Question 29

Use VSEPR theory to predict the molecular geometry of H₂Se.

A) bent
B) linear
C) tetrahedron
D) trigonal planar
E) trigonal pyramid

Question 30

Which of the following species have the same molecular geometry: H₃O⁺,H₂CO,NH₃,and ICl₃?

A) H₃O⁺ and H₂CO
B) H₂CO and ICl₃
C) H₃O⁺ and NH₃
D) H₃O⁺,NH₃,and ICl₃
E) None of the species have the same molecular geometry.

Question 31

The central atom in SCl₂ is surrounded by:

A) two single bonds and no lone pairs of electrons.
B) two single bonds and one lone pair of electrons.
C) two single bonds and two lone pairs of electrons.
D) one single bond,one double bond,and no lone pairs of electrons.
E) one single bond,one double bond,and one lone pair of electrons.

Question 32

Use VSEPR theory to predict the molecular geometry of SO₂.

A) bent
B) linear
C) trigonal planar
D) tetrahedron
E) trigonal pyramid

Question 33

Formal charge is:

A) the absolute value of the charge on a polyatomic anion or cation.
B) the difference between the number of lone pairs of electrons and shared pairs of electrons on any atom in a Lewis structure.
C) the difference between the number of valence electrons and the number of protons in any given atom.
D) equal to the number of valence electrons in a free atom minus the number of shared in covalent bonds.
E) the difference between the number of valence electrons in a free atom and the number of electrons assigned to the atom in a Lewis structure.

Question 34

What is the formal charge on each atom in CN−?

A) C = 0,N = 0
B) C = +1,N = −1
C) C = −1,N = 0
D) C = +2,N = −3
E) C = +4,N = −5

Question 35

Use VSEPR theory to predict the molecular geometry of NH₄⁺.

A) trigonal pyramid
B) square pyramid
C) see-saw
D) tetrahedron
E) trigonal planar

Question 36

Use VSEPR theory to predict the molecular geometry of ICl₃.

A) trigonal planar
B) trigonal pyramid
C) trigonal bipyramid
D) t-shaped
E) octahedron

Question 37

Use VSEPR theory to predict the molecular geometry of phosgene,Cl₂CO.

A) t-shaped
B) trigonal planar
C) trigonal bipyramid
D) square planar
E) tetrahedron

Question 38

Using formal charges and the octet rule,determine which Lewis structure of OCN− is most stable.

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 39

A Lewis structure of OCl^- ion is drawn below.What is the formal charge on each atom?

A) Cl atom = +1 and each O atom = -1
B) Cl atom = 0 and each O atom = -1
C) Cl atom = -1 and each O atom = 0
D) Cl atom = +3 and each O atom = -2
E) Cl atom = 0,one O atom = 0,one O atom = -1

Question 40

Use VSEPR theory to predict the molecular geometry of ClO₃−.

A) bent
B) tetrahedron
C) square planar
D) trigonal planar
E) trigonal pyramid

Question 41

How many sigma and pi bonds are present in the following molecule?

A) 8 sigma bonds and 1 pi bond
B) 8 sigma bonds and 2 pi bonds
C) 10 sigma bonds and 2 pi bonds
D) 11 sigma bonds and 2 pi bonds
E) 11 sigma bonds and 1 pi bond

Question 42

What is the hybridization of the carbon atoms in benzene,C₆H₆?

A) sp
B) sp²
C) sp³
D) sp³d
E) sp³d²

Question 43

G.N.Lewis is well known for multiple contributions to the study of chemistry.Which of these below is attributed to Lewis?

A) covalent bonding
B) ionic bonding
C) VSEPR
D) hybridization
E) paramagnetism

Question 44

What are the approximate bond angles in SF₄?

A) 90°
B) 109.5°
C) 120°
D) 90°,120°,and 180°
E) 180°

Question 45

What are the O-Cl-O bond angles in ClO₄−?

A) 90°
B) 109.5°
C) 120°
D) 90° and 120°
E) 180°

Question 46

Which of the following molecules has the smallest bond angle between any two hydrogen atoms?

A) CH₄
B) H₂O
C) BH₃
D) PH₃
E) SiH₄

Question 47

What are the approximate O-N-O bond angles in a nitrate ion?

A) 90°
B) 109.5°
C) 120°
D) 90° and 120°
E) 180°

Question 48

What is the hybridization of the central atom in SO₂?

A) sp
B) sp²
C) sp³
D) sp³d
E) sp³d²

Question 49

How many sigma and pi bonds are present in H₂CO?

A) 1 sigma bond and 3 pi bonds
B) 2 sigma bonds and 2 pi bonds
C) 2 sigma bonds and 1 pi bond
D) 3 sigma bonds and 1 pi bond
E) none of the above

Question 50

Write the singly bonded Lewis dot structure for SF₆.Which of the following statements best describes this structure?

A) It obeys the octet rule on all atoms.
B) It has less than an octet on at least one atom.
C) It has a lone pair of electrons on the sulfur atom.
D) It has less than an octet of electrons on all atoms.
E) It exceeds the octet rule.

Question 51

Which of the following molecules are polar: H₂S,CO₂,NH₃,BH₃,and CCl₄?

A) BH₃
B) H₂S and NH₃
C) H₂S,CO₂,and CCl₄
D) CO₂,NH₃,and CCl₄
E) NH₃,BH₃,and CCl₄

Question 52

Which of the following species have the same molecular geometry: XeF₄,ClF₄⁺,SF₄,and PO₄³⁻?

A) XeF₄ and SF₄
B) ClF₄⁺,and SF₄
C) ClF₄⁺ and PO₄³⁻
D) XeF₄ and ClF₄⁺
E) XeF₄,SF₄,and PO₄³⁻

Question 53

What is the hybridization of the phosphorus atom in PCl₃?

A) sp
B) sp²
C) sp³
D) sp³d
E) sp³d²

Question 54

What are the F-Xe-F bond angles in XeF₄?

A) 90° and 180°
B) 109.5°
C) 120°
D) 60° and 120°
E) 180°

Question 55

What hybridization change does the carbon atom undergo in the combustion of methane? CH₄(g)+ 2O₂(g)→ CO₂(g)+ 2H₂O(g)

A) sp → sp²
B) sp² → sp³
C) sp³ → sp
D) sp² → sp
E) none

Question 56

This gas changed the perception of the reactivity of this group.

A) oxygen
B) xenon
C) helium
D) hydrogen
E) chlorine

Question 57

Which of the following compounds has polar covalent bonds: CCl₄,Cl₂,HCl,and KCl?

A) CCl₄ only
B) Cl₂ only
C) HCl and KCl
D) Cl₂ and KCl
E) CCl₄ and HCl

Question 58

What is the hybridization of the central atom in I₃−?

A) sp
B) sp²
C) sp³
D) sp³d
E) sp³d²

Question 59

Write the singly bonded Lewis dot structure for BF₃.Which of the following statements best describes this structure?

A) It obeys the octet rule on all atoms.
B) It has less than an octet on at least one atom.
C) It has a lone pair of electrons on the boron atom.
D) It has less than an octet of electrons on all atoms.
E) It exceeds the octet rule.