Deck 25: Reproductive System and Pathologies

Question 1

Which term refers to the primary reproductive organs?

A) Uterus
B) Breasts
C) Gonads
D) Gametes

Answer 1

C
Explanation: Gonads-Gonads are the primary reproductive organs; they include the testes in males and ovaries in females.

Question 2

Which part of the reproductive system secretes testosterone?

A) Glans penis
B) Ovarian follicle
C) Bulbourethral glands
D) Interstitial cells of Leydig

Answer 2

D
Explanation: Luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary stimulates interstitial cells of Leydig within the testes produce testosterone.

Question 3

Which structure is donut-shaped gland and located inferior to the urinary bladder?

A) Cowper gland
B) Prostate
C) Epididymis
D) Bulbourethral gland

Answer 3

B
Explanation: The prostate is a donut-shaped gland that lies beneath the urinary bladder and surrounds the urethra. The prostate also prevents the flow of urine during ejaculation.

Question 4

Which structures are paired almond-shaped glands located in the female abdominopelvic cavity?

A) Testes
B) Adrenals
C) Ovaries
D) Follicles

Question 5

Which structures produce oocytes and hormones?

A) Testes
B) Prostate
C) Ovaries
D) Uterus

Question 6

Which structure connects the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct?

A) Urethra
B) Vas deferens
C) Fallopian tube
D) Umbilicus

Question 7

Which part of the reproductive system transports sperm cells and seminal fluid out of the body during ejaculation?

A) Scrotal sac
B) Spermatic duct
C) Fallopian tubes
D) Seminal vesicles

Question 8

Which term means sex cells, such as spermatozoa in males and oocytes in females?

A) Testes
B) Gonads
C) Ovaries
D) Gametes

Question 9

What is the term for the female sex cell?

A) Ovary
B) Sperm
C) Oocyte
D) Follicle

Question 10

Which part of the reproductive system produces sperm?

A) Fallopian tube
B) Ejaculatory duct
C) Seminiferous tubules
D) Bulbourethral glands

Question 11

Which function does the reproductive system perform?

A) Exchange of gases, olfaction, and sound production
B) Movement, posture maintenance, and heat production
C) Produce offspring and hormone production and secretion
D) Elimination and regulation of the chemical composition of blood

Question 12

Which structure is part of the anatomy of the reproductive system?

A) Aorta
B) Oocyte
C) Epiphysis
D) Neurilemma

Question 13

Which structure stores sperm while they become mature?

A) Epididymis
B) Umbilical cord
C) Follicle
D) Seminal vesicles

Question 14

Which muscle draws the testes closer to or away from the body to help regulate their temperature?

A) Psoas major
B) Adductor brevis
C) Cremaster
D) Pectineus

Question 15

Which hormone maintains the uterine lining for implantation and pregnancy?

A) Oxytocin
B) Progesterone
C) Epinephrine
D) Testosterone

Question 16

Which liquid is thick, milky white and contains sperm cells?

A) Seminal fluid
B) Plasma
C) Lymph
D) Interstitial fluid

Question 17

Which passageway passes through the prostate and the penis?

A) Ureter
B) Urethra
C) Fallopian tube
D) Vas deferens

Question 18

What is the pouch that contains the testes called?

A) Cervix
B) Prostate
C) Scrotum
D) Epididymis

Question 19

Which term refers to the process by which male and female gametes unite?

A) Gestation
B) Spermatogenesis
C) Sexual reproduction
D) Asexual reproduction

Question 20

Which tube transports both semen and urine in males?

A) Ureter
B) Urethra
C) Fallopian tube
D) Vas deferens

Question 21

Which layer is shed during menstruation?

A) Epimetrium
B) Perimetrium
C) Myometrium
D) Endometrium

Question 22

Which term refers to the final stage of the menstrual cycle?

A) Ovulation
B) Luteal phase
C) Menstruation
D) Follicular phase

Question 23

What hormone reduces tension in the uterine wall to facilitate implantation?

A) Inhibin
B) Relaxin
C) Testosterone
D) Progesterone

Question 24

What event is marked by the release of an ovum from an ovarian follicle?

A) Ovulation
B) Fertilization
C) Implantation
D) Menstruation

Question 25

After ovulation, what does the collapsed follicle turn into?

A) Corpus luteum
B) Interstitial cells
C) Endometrium
D) Lobules

Question 26

Which term means the female external genitalia?

A) Vulva
B) Ovary
C) Cervix
D) Vagina

Question 27

On what day of the menstrual cycle does ovulation usually occur in a 28-day cycle?

A) 1
B) 10
C) 14
D) 28

Question 28

Which structure extends from the cervix to outside the body?

A) Endometrium
B) Vagina
C) Prostate
D) Epididymis

Question 29

Approximately how many hours after ovulation does fertilization usually occur?

A) 12
B) 24
C) 36
D) 48

Question 30

A surge of which hormone causes rupture of an ovarian follicle and release of an ovum during ovulation?

A) Estrogen
B) Progesterone
C) Growth hormone
D) Luteinizing hormone

Question 31

Which structure is the hollow, pear-shaped organ that receives the fertilized ovum and allows the embryo to grow and develop into a fetus during pregnancy?

A) Testis
B) Prostate
C) Ovary
D) Uterus

Question 32

Which structure secretes estrogens and progesterone?

A) Endometrium
B) Corpus luteum
C) Myometrium
D) Corpus albicans

Question 33

Which term means milk production?

A) Lactation
B) Ovulation
C) Fertilization
D) Menstruation

Question 34

Which term refers to the region located between the vaginal opening and the anus?

A) Perineum
B) Periosteum
C) Peritoneum
D) Perimysium

Question 35

Which term means penetration of the ovum by sperm?

A) Ovulation
B) Fertilization
C) Implantation
D) Menstruation

Question 36

Which structures produce mucus?

A) Fallopian tubes
B) Seminal vesicles
C) Bartholin glands
D) Bulbourethral glands

Question 37

Which structures are paired passageways from the ovaries to the uterus?

A) Ureters
B) Epididymis
C) Fallopian tubes
D) Seminal vesicles

Question 38

Which structure acts as a sphincter for the uterus and allows passage of semen and menstrual fluid?

A) Cervix
B) Vagina
C) Prostate
D) Epididymis

Question 39

On what day of the menstrual cycle does menstruation begin?

A) 1
B) 10
C) 14
D) 28

Question 40

Which term refers to the fertilized ovum?

A) Zygote
B) Oocyte
C) Follicle
D) Chromosome

Question 41

Which condition is the presence of uterine lining tissue outside the uterus?

A) Menopause
B) Endometriosis
C) Premenstrual syndrome
D) Polycystic ovarian syndrome

Question 42

Approximately how many days after fertilization does a blastocyst enter the uterus?

A) 1
B) 7
C) 12
D) 48

Question 43

Which week does the third trimester start?

A) 12
B) 15
C) 29
D) 42

Question 44

Approximately how many weeks long is the pregnancy period?

A) 20
B) 30
C) 40
D) 50

Question 45

Which term means childbirth?

A) Lactation
B) Gestation
C) Parturition
D) Ovulation

Question 46

Which term means secretion and ejection of milk by the mammary glands?

A) Lactation
B) Gestation
C) Parturition
D) Ovulation

Question 47

Which term means a sequence of events that includes implantation, embryonic development, fetal growth, and ends in birth?

A) Infancy
B) Pregnancy
C) Senescence
D) Adolescence

Question 48

Which structure is a flattened organ located in the pregnant uterus that nourishes the developing fetus by exchanging nutrients and wastes with the mother?

A) Cervix
B) Corpus albicans
C) Placenta
D) Corpus luteum

Question 49

Which condition is characterized by the sloughing off of endometrial tissue from a nonpregnant uterus through the vagina?

A) Menopause
B) Menstruation
C) Endometriosis
D) Ovulation

Question 50

Which condition is characterized by bilaterally enlarged ovaries that become studded with multiple cysts?

A) Menopause
B) Endometriosis
C) Premenstrual syndrome
D) Polycystic ovarian syndrome

Question 51

Which event occurs in second stage of childbirth?

A) Dilation of the cervix
B) Expulsion of the fetus
C) Expulsion of the placenta
D) Lactation in the mammary glands

Question 52

Which condition is a cluster of symptoms that occur 3-14 days before menstruation and are relieved by its onset?

A) Menopause
B) Endometriosis
C) Premenstrual syndrome
D) Polycystic ovarian syndrome

Question 53

Which trimester is considered the time of the embryo?

A) First
B) Second
C) Third
D) Fourth

Question 54

Which term refers to the period of life that represents cessation of menstruation?

A) Menopause
B) Endometriosis
C) Premenstrual syndrome
D) Polycystic ovarian syndrome

Question 55

Which term means the pregnancy period?

A) Gestation
B) Discussion
C) Metabolism
D) Prolongation