Deck 22: The Land Plants

Question 1

-In the accompanying figure,which phase makes up most of the plant body of angiosperms?  

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Answer 1

2

Question 2

A significant event influencing the rapid evolution of plants on land after their initial appearance was the ____.  

A) increase of atmospheric oxygen
B) reduction of ultraviolet radiation penetration through the atmosphere
C) stabilization of global climates
D) increase in soil nutrients
E) merging of land masses

Answer 2

B

Question 3

A key innovation that helped sporophyte-dominant plants survive in high,dry environments is ____.  

A) flagellated sperm
B) the cuticle
C) xylem
D) phloem
E) lignin

Answer 3

B

Question 4

-In the accompanying figure,which of the following represents a multicellular,haploid reproductive stage?
 

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Question 5

Mosses have ____.  

A) xylem
B) lignin
C) true stems
D) rhizoids
E) independent sporophytes

Question 6

-Which of the photographs in the above figure represents a seedless vascular plant?  

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) Both B and C

Question 7

In the illustration above showing the haploid phase in the life cycle of a fern,what part represents the male gametangium?
 

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Question 8

Which statement concerning fertilization in ferns is true?  

A) The sporophyte grows from a spore.
B) The process requires water.
C) The fertilization product is haploid.
D) A spore is the product of fertilization.
E) The process occurs outside the egg-producing structure.

Question 9

Which lineages of seedless vascular plants have survived to the present?  

A) Monilophytes
B) Lycophytes
C) Both monilophytes and lycophytes
D) Mosses
E) Gametophytes

Question 10

-Which of the photographs in the above figure is a gymnosperm?
 

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) Both C and D

Question 11

How many distinct nonvascular lineages are there?  

A) 3
B) 4
C) 5
D) 6
E) 7

Question 12

Four of the following statements are true of xylem.Which one is the exception?  

A) Conducts water up the plant
B) Conducts mineral ions up the plant
C) Connects with roots
D) Connects with leaves
E) Transports sugars

Question 13

Which statement concerning bryophyte reproductive cells is true?  

A) The gametophytes are shorter-lived than the sporophyte.
B) Spores and gametes are produced by mitosis.
C) Their features constrain bryophyte stature.
D) The gametophytes produce nonmotile sperm.
E) Spores and gametes are both used for sexual reproduction.

Question 14

Plants lacking xylem and phloem are known as _________.  

A) vascular plants
B) nonvascular plants
C) semi-vascular plants
D) gametophytes
E) ferns

Question 15

In horsetails,lycophytes,and whisk ferns,____.  

A) spores give rise to photosynthetic gametophytes
B) the main plant body is a gametophyte
C) the sporophyte bears sperm- and egg-producing organs
D) the gametophyte is the dominant stage in the life cycle
E) the gametophyte produces spores

Question 16

A sorus is ____.
 

A) a fern spore
B) the fern gametophyte
C) an egg-producing structure
D) where the sperms are produced
E) a collection of sporangia

Question 17

Which of the following is considered most closely related to land plants?  

A) Red algae
B) Chlorophytes
C) Charophytes
D) Trypanosomes
E) Brown algae

Question 18

The cuticle of a plant is primarily for ____.  

A) absorption of carbon dioxide
B) water conduction
C) water conservation
D) protection from strong sunlight
E) mechanical support

Question 19

Which specialization evolved in land plants to allow for reproduction in dry conditions?  

A) Xylem
B) Phloem
C) Stomata
D) Roots
E) Sporophyte dominance

Question 20

In which plants is the gametophyte larger and longer-lived?  

A) Sporophyte
B) Lycophyte
C) Bryophyte
D) Anthocerotophyta
E) Monilophyte

Question 21

The rapid expansion of angiosperms late in the Mesozoic era appears to be related to their coevolution with ____.  

A) dinosaurs
B) gymnosperms
C) insects
D) mammals
E) birds

Question 22

Choose the most appropriate response.
a.Have rhizoids, cuticle, and protected embryo sporophyte
b.One cotyledon
c.Non-seed-bearing, heart-shaped gametophytes; spore-bearing leaves with sori
d.Lycopodium; cone-bearing sporophyte; free-living gametophyte
e.Only one species left
f.Cypress and redwood; heterosporous; mostly evergreen
g.Confined to tropics or warm, temperate zones; resemble squat cone-bearing palm trees
h.Two cotyledons
i.Equisetum; homosporous; rhizomes present; aerial stems jointed; scouring rushes
j.Have coevolved with pollinating vectors
eudicots

Question 23

Name the innermost section of a flower.  

A) Stamen
B) Petal
C) Sepal
D) Carpel
E) Ovule

Question 24

The pollen-producing structure of a flowering plant is known as the ________.  

A) carpel
B) petal
C) pollinator
D) stamen
E) ovule

Question 25

Which gymnosperm is deciduous and widely planted in cities because of its resistance to insect predators,air pollution,and disease?  

A) cycad
B) ginkgo
C) pine
D) spruce
E) juniper

Question 26

Choose the most appropriate response.
a.Have rhizoids, cuticle, and protected embryo sporophyte
b.One cotyledon
c.Non-seed-bearing, heart-shaped gametophytes; spore-bearing leaves with sori
d.Lycopodium; cone-bearing sporophyte; free-living gametophyte
e.Only one species left
f.Cypress and redwood; heterosporous; mostly evergreen
g.Confined to tropics or warm, temperate zones; resemble squat cone-bearing palm trees
h.Two cotyledons
i.Equisetum; homosporous; rhizomes present; aerial stems jointed; scouring rushes
j.Have coevolved with pollinating vectors
monocots

Question 27

Dependence on animal vectors for fertilization and dispersal is characteristic of many species of ____.  

A) ferns
B) angiosperms
C) mosses
D) conifer
E) cycads

Question 28

Four of the following are C3 grasses.Which one is the exception?  

A) Wheat
B) Oats
C) Barley
D) Rice
E) Legumes

Question 29

The ____ are tropical and subtropical gymnosperms that resemble palms.  

A) foxtails
B) gingkoes
C) gnetophytes
D) cycads
E) conifers

Question 30

Four of these statements about conifers are true.Which one is the exception?  

A) They form seeds in female cones.
B) They have needlelike and scale-like leaves.
C) They have a thick cuticle.
D) They have motile sperm.
E) They are mostly evergreen.

Question 31

In seed plants,the microspores become ___.  

A) ovules
B) seeds
C) pollen grains
D) cones
E) sperm cells

Question 32

Figure 22.18

 

-In the accompanying illustration depicting the life cycle of a conifer (pine),which numbered item represents the sporophyte?  

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Question 33

Four of the following plants are monocots.Which one is the exception?  

A) Orchid
B) Wheat
C) Oak
D) Grass
E) Palm

Question 34

The seed develops from the ____.
 

A) gametophyte
B) ovary
C) ovule
D) pollen grain
E) microspores

Question 35

Four of the following fabrics are made from angiosperms.Which one is the exception?  

A) Silk
B) Burlap
C) Linen
D) Ramie
E) Hemp

Question 36

Figure 22.18

 

-Which numbered item in the accompanying figure represents microspores?
 

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Question 37

In conifers,meiosis of diploid cells in an ovule produces ____.  

A) microspores
B) pollen sacs
C) pollination droplets
D) pollen grains
E) megaspores

Question 38

In the life cycle of a club moss,what is the name of the structure that produces the haploid spores?  

A) Strobilus
B) Sporophyte
C) Gametophyte
D) Rhizome
E) Strobilus.

Question 39

Which of the following is made from tree bark?  

A) Cinnamon
B) Cocaine
C) Maple syrup
D) Hemp
E) Saffron

Question 40

Figure 22.18

 

-Which numbered item in the above figure represents a female gametophyte?  

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Question 41

Choose the most appropriate response.
a.Have rhizoids, cuticle, and protected embryo sporophyte
b.One cotyledon
c.Non-seed-bearing, heart-shaped gametophytes; spore-bearing leaves with sori
d.Lycopodium; cone-bearing sporophyte; free-living gametophyte
e.Only one species left
f.Cypress and redwood; heterosporous; mostly evergreen
g.Confined to tropics or warm, temperate zones; resemble squat cone-bearing palm trees
h.Two cotyledons
i.Equisetum; homosporous; rhizomes present; aerial stems jointed; scouring rushes
j.Have coevolved with pollinating vectors
Angiosperm

Question 42

Land plants,or embryophytes,are close relatives of __________,a kind of green algae.

Question 43

Features that contributed to success on land include a(n)__________ that protects spores.

Question 44

__________ attach a gametophyte to soil or another surface.

Question 45

Answer the following questions in reference to the five divisions of vascular plants listed below.


-In members of this group the gametophyte is the dominant generation.

A)Lycophytes
B)Bryophytes
C)Monocots
D)Conifers
E)Eudicots

Question 46

In seed plants,__________ allow reproduction without standing water.

Question 47

Choose the most appropriate response.
a.Have rhizoids, cuticle, and protected embryo sporophyte
b.One cotyledon
c.Non-seed-bearing, heart-shaped gametophytes; spore-bearing leaves with sori
d.Lycopodium; cone-bearing sporophyte; free-living gametophyte
e.Only one species left
f.Cypress and redwood; heterosporous; mostly evergreen
g.Confined to tropics or warm, temperate zones; resemble squat cone-bearing palm trees
h.Two cotyledons
i.Equisetum; homosporous; rhizomes present; aerial stems jointed; scouring rushes
j.Have coevolved with pollinating vectors
Cycads

Question 48

Choose the most appropriate response.
a.Have rhizoids, cuticle, and protected embryo sporophyte
b.One cotyledon
c.Non-seed-bearing, heart-shaped gametophytes; spore-bearing leaves with sori
d.Lycopodium; cone-bearing sporophyte; free-living gametophyte
e.Only one species left
f.Cypress and redwood; heterosporous; mostly evergreen
g.Confined to tropics or warm, temperate zones; resemble squat cone-bearing palm trees
h.Two cotyledons
i.Equisetum; homosporous; rhizomes present; aerial stems jointed; scouring rushes
j.Have coevolved with pollinating vectors
Horsetails

Question 49

Choose the most appropriate response.
a.Have rhizoids, cuticle, and protected embryo sporophyte
b.One cotyledon
c.Non-seed-bearing, heart-shaped gametophytes; spore-bearing leaves with sori
d.Lycopodium; cone-bearing sporophyte; free-living gametophyte
e.Only one species left
f.Cypress and redwood; heterosporous; mostly evergreen
g.Confined to tropics or warm, temperate zones; resemble squat cone-bearing palm trees
h.Two cotyledons
i.Equisetum; homosporous; rhizomes present; aerial stems jointed; scouring rushes
j.Have coevolved with pollinating vectors
Club mosses

Question 50

A(n)__________ dominates bryophyte life cycles.

Question 51

Choose the most appropriate response.
a.Have rhizoids, cuticle, and protected embryo sporophyte
b.One cotyledon
c.Non-seed-bearing, heart-shaped gametophytes; spore-bearing leaves with sori
d.Lycopodium; cone-bearing sporophyte; free-living gametophyte
e.Only one species left
f.Cypress and redwood; heterosporous; mostly evergreen
g.Confined to tropics or warm, temperate zones; resemble squat cone-bearing palm trees
h.Two cotyledons
i.Equisetum; homosporous; rhizomes present; aerial stems jointed; scouring rushes
j.Have coevolved with pollinating vectors
Ferns

Question 52

Ferns,roots,and fronds grow from __________.

Question 53

Choose the most appropriate response.
a.Have rhizoids, cuticle, and protected embryo sporophyte
b.One cotyledon
c.Non-seed-bearing, heart-shaped gametophytes; spore-bearing leaves with sori
d.Lycopodium; cone-bearing sporophyte; free-living gametophyte
e.Only one species left
f.Cypress and redwood; heterosporous; mostly evergreen
g.Confined to tropics or warm, temperate zones; resemble squat cone-bearing palm trees
h.Two cotyledons
i.Equisetum; homosporous; rhizomes present; aerial stems jointed; scouring rushes
j.Have coevolved with pollinating vectors
mosses,liverworts

Question 54

Answer the following questions in reference to the five divisions of vascular plants listed below.


-Orchids are members of this division.

A)Lycophytes
B)Bryophytes
C)Monocots
D)Conifers
E)Eudicots

Question 55

Answer the following questions in reference to the five divisions of vascular plants listed below.


-The giant club mosses of the Carboniferous period were members of this group.

A)Lycophytes
B)Bryophytes
C)Monocots
D)Conifers
E)Eudicots

Question 56

Choose the most appropriate response.
a.Have rhizoids, cuticle, and protected embryo sporophyte
b.One cotyledon
c.Non-seed-bearing, heart-shaped gametophytes; spore-bearing leaves with sori
d.Lycopodium; cone-bearing sporophyte; free-living gametophyte
e.Only one species left
f.Cypress and redwood; heterosporous; mostly evergreen
g.Confined to tropics or warm, temperate zones; resemble squat cone-bearing palm trees
h.Two cotyledons
i.Equisetum; homosporous; rhizomes present; aerial stems jointed; scouring rushes
j.Have coevolved with pollinating vectors
Conifers

Question 57

Answer the following questions in reference to the five divisions of vascular plants listed below.


-Members of this group include kidney beans,apples,and almonds.

A)Lycophytes
B)Bryophytes
C)Monocots
D)Conifers
E)Eudicots

Question 58

Features that contributed to success on land include a(n)__________ and __________ that minimize water loss.

Question 59

Choose the most appropriate response.
a.Have rhizoids, cuticle, and protected embryo sporophyte
b.One cotyledon
c.Non-seed-bearing, heart-shaped gametophytes; spore-bearing leaves with sori
d.Lycopodium; cone-bearing sporophyte; free-living gametophyte
e.Only one species left
f.Cypress and redwood; heterosporous; mostly evergreen
g.Confined to tropics or warm, temperate zones; resemble squat cone-bearing palm trees
h.Two cotyledons
i.Equisetum; homosporous; rhizomes present; aerial stems jointed; scouring rushes
j.Have coevolved with pollinating vectors
Ginkgos

Question 60

Answer the following questions in reference to the five divisions of vascular plants listed below.


-Members of this group are heterosporous with well-developed seed and pollen-bearing cones.

A)Lycophytes
B)Bryophytes
C)Monocots
D)Conifers
E)Eudicots

Question 61

Features that contributed to success on land include __________ and __________ (two types of vascular tissues).

Question 62

Conifers,cycads,ginkgos,and gnetophytes are all ______.

Question 63

Which would create a more acute dietary shortage for human beings: the loss of monocot crops or the loss of dicot crops?

Question 64

Will our modern forests eventually become coal?

Question 65

Why does a sporophyte-dominant stage allow for greater diversity?

Question 66

Describe the challenges that plants faced when they entered the land,and how they overcame them.