Deck 14: Lymphatic System and Immunity

Question 1

AIDS is caused by a virus that attacks complement enzymes.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The formation of lymph increases as a result of

A) increasing osmotic pressure in blood capillaries.
B) increasing osmotic pressure in tissue fluid.
C) decreasing volume of tissue fluid.
D) decreasing protein concentration in tissue fluid.
E) increasing the number of white blood cells that leave the blood for the lymph.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The movement of lymph through lymphatic vessels is caused largely by

A) muscular activity.
B) activity of the heart.
C) osmotic pressure.
D) blood pressure.
E) hydrostatic pressure.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

An immunoglobulin molecule is an antigen that B cells secrete.

Question 5

In active immunity,a person becomes immune to a pathogen as a result of having a disease.

Question 6

The most active phagocytic cells in circulating blood are

A) neutrophils and monocytes.
B) neutrophils and eosinophils.
C) monocytes and macrophages.
D) lymphocytes and monocytes.
E) mast cells and plasma cells.

Question 7

Interferon is a group of proteins that cells produce in response to

A) chemical irritants.
B) viruses or tumor cells.
C) bacterial cells.
D) malarial parasites.
E) fungi.

Question 8

The spleen

A) is a blood reservoir.
B) responds to low oxygen concentration.
C) contains many macrophages.
D) resembles a large lymph node divided into nodules.
E) is all of the above.

Question 9

The two collecting ducts that drain the lymphatic trunks are

A) the thoracic duct and right lymphatic duct.
B) the lumbar duct and left lymphatic duct.
C) the intestinal duct and left intercostal duct.
D) the bronchomediastinal duct and subclavian duct.
E) none of the above.

Question 10

Cells in a lymph node that engulf and destroy damaged cells,foreign substances,and cellular debris are

A) macrophages.
B) lymphocytes.
C) mast cells.
D) cytokines.
E) all of the above.

Question 11

The region of a lymph node through which blood vessels pass is called the

A) sinus.
B) capsule.
C) nodule.
D) hilum.
E) foramen.

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of a specific body defense mechanism?

A) phagocytosis
B) inflammation
C) immunity
D) enzyme action
E) fever

Question 13

The structure of a lymphatic vessel is most similar to that of a(an)

A) artery.
B) arteriole.
C) vein.
D) capillary.
E) metarteriole.

Question 14

An injection of antibodies produces active immunity.

Question 15

Excess fluid is kept from accumulating in tissue spaces by

A) sweating.
B) the cardiovascular system.
C) the urinary system.
D) the lymphatic system.
E) breathing.

Question 16

The thymus is in the mediastinum behind the sternum.

Question 17

During the primary immune response,B cells give rise to plasma cells.

Question 18

The thymus destroys older,worn out red blood cells.

Question 19

As a result of the allergen-antibody reaction,mast cells release histamine.

Question 20

When a woman had her cancerous right breast removed,the surgeon also removed lymph nodes in the axillary region.As a result,her right arm

A) lost its blood supply.
B) now receives too much blood and swells.
C) became edematous.
D) lost tissue fluid.
E) became paralyzed.

Question 21

During the primary immune response,B cells give rise to ________.

Question 22

Lymph is __________ that has entered a lymphatic capillary.

Question 23

A newborn infant may have some defense against digestive and respiratory disturbances because of IgA antibodies obtained from its mother's

A) milk.
B) blood.
C) intestine.
D) placenta.
E) sweat.

Question 24

HIV mainly infects

A) cytotoxic T cells.
B) monocytes.
C) B cells.
D) macrophages and helper T-cells.
E) neutrophils.

Question 25

Which of the following is an autoimmune disease?

A) juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
B) multiple sclerosis
C) type 1 diabetes mellitus
D) systemic lupus erythematosus
E) all of the above

Question 26

An injection of a substance that can stimulate a primary immune response,but is unable to produce the symptoms of a disease,is a(an)________.

Question 27

In HIV infection,reverse transcriptase

A) makes RNA from viral DNA.
B) makes protein from viral RNA.
C) makes DNA from viral RNA.
D) makes protein from viral DNA.
E) makes carbohydrate from viral RNA

Question 28

Helper T cells release substances called ________.

Question 29

Immunoglobulins are in the ____________ fraction of plasma proteins.

Question 30

As a result of an allergen-antibody reaction,

A) blood vessels constrict.
B) smooth muscles relax.
C) lymphocytes release histamine.
D) mast cells release histamine.
E) mucus production decreases.

Question 31

A group of lymphocytes that originate from a single early cell is termed a(an)________.

Question 32

T lymphocytes are responsible for

A) programming macrophages.
B) producing antibodies.
C) the cellular immune response.
D) the humoral immune response.
E) antigen presentation.

Question 33

The type of resistance that is a response to contracting an infectious disease is

A) naturally acquired active immunity.
B) artificially acquired active immunity.
C) artificially acquired passive immunity.
D) naturally acquired passive immunity.
E) vaccine acquired active immunity.

Question 34

The foreign or "nonself" proteins that trigger immune responses are called ________.

Question 35

The most abundant type of immunoglobulin is

A) IgA.
B) IgD.
C) IgE.
D) IgG.
E) IgM.

Question 36

The cells that are primarily responsible for immunity are

A) lymphocytes and macrophages.
B) neutrophils and lymphocytes.
C) monocytes and macrophages.
D) lymphocytes and monocytes.
E) neutrophils and monocytes.

Question 37

A normal immune response requires

A) macrophages only.
B) T cells only.
C) B cells only.
D) both T and B cells.
E) neither T nor B cells.

Question 38

Disease-causing agents such as viruses and bacteria are called ________.

Question 39

Following a primary immune response,the B cells and T cells that remain dormant but are able to respond to antigens encountered in the future are called _________.

Question 40

In an autoimmune disease,the immune response is directed toward

A) foreign cells.
B) cells of the body ("self").
C) all antigens.
D) all antibodies.
E) only cells of the lymphatic system.