Deck 10: The Senses

Question 1

Nerve impulses from taste receptors can travel in the facial,glossopharyngeal,and vagus nerves.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

An artery and vein pass through the optic disc.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Proprioceptors provide sensory input that influences the sense of equilibrium.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

When the radial muscles of the iris contract,the diameter of the pupil decreases.

Question 5

The conjunctiva lines the inner surface of the eyelid and covers the anterior surface of the sclera.

Question 6

The optic disc contains only rods and is known as the blind spot.

Question 7

The conjunctiva covers the entire anterior surface of the eyeball.

Question 8

Rods are more sensitive to light than cones,but cones are important for color vision.

Question 9

Referred pain occurs when the brain projects the sensation back to the original source in the body from which the pain originated.

Question 10

Rods are photoreceptors that provide black and white vision.

Question 11

The auditory tube connects the inner ear to the nasopharynx and functions to equalize air pressure.

Question 12

The auditory ossicles are located in the inner ear.

Question 13

Tears contain an enzyme that reduces the chances of developing an eye infection.

Question 14

The utricle and saccule contain the sensory receptors associated primarily with the sense of dynamic equilibrium.

Question 15

Pain sensations arising from visceral organs may be caused by the stretching of tissues.

Question 16

Taste sensation is conducted to the limbic system and does not pass through the thalamus.

Question 17

Auditory ossicles amplify vibrations from the outer ear to the inner ear.

Question 18

Acute pain fibers are unmyelinated and produce a dull aching sensation.

Question 19

The sense of taste is slow to adapt,so every bite of your favorite food tastes as good as the first.

Question 20

The conjunctiva forms part of the eyelid.

Question 21

Blowing the nose improperly may cause an infection in the auditory tube to spread to the

A) outer ear.
B) middle ear.
C) inner ear.
D) cochlea.
E) auricle.

Question 22

The visual disturbance and limb numbness a person with a migraine experiences is probably caused by

A) cerebral blood flow deficiency.
B) contraction of skeletal muscles associated with the scalp.
C) excess blood pulsating through cranial vessels.
D) vasodilation of cerebral vessels.
E) increased blood flow in the skin of the scalp.

Question 23

At the optic chiasma,all the optic nerve fibers cross over to the opposite side of the brain.

Question 24

The photoreceptors that provide color vision are called cones.

Question 25

The olfactory receptors are examples of

A) thermoreceptors.
B) mechanoreceptors.
C) chemoreceptors.
D) proprioceptors.
E) pressure receptors.

Question 26

The auditory nerve pathways carry impulses to the auditory cortices in the

A) occipital lobes.
B) temporal lobes.
C) parietal lobes.
D) frontal lobes.
E) cerebellum.

Question 27

If you enter a fish market and smell the strong fishy odor,but the odor quickly seems to fade away,you have experienced

A) damage to your sensory receptors.
B) sensory adaptation.
C) a change in the concentration of the substance you smelled.
D) a change in the room temperature.
E) sensory deprivation.

Question 28

Fibers from the lateral half of each retina cross the optic chiasma to the opposite side of the brain.

Question 29

Anosmia is a loss of the sense of

A) touch.
B) smell.
C) hearing.
D) vision.
E) pain.

Question 30

The fovea centralis contains a high concentration of rods.

Question 31

Olfactory receptor cells are best described as

A) connective tissue cells.
B) squamous epithelial cells.
C) columnar epithelial cells.
D) bipolar neurons.
E) modified smooth muscle cells.

Question 32

Which of the following is NOT a primary taste sensation?

A) sweet
B) salty
C) pungent
D) bitter
E) sour

Question 33

The following brain structures that contain pain receptors are

A) meninges on the surface of the brain only.
B) blood vessels in the brain only.
C) meninges on the surface of the brain and blood vessels in the brain.
D) neither meninges on the surface of the brain nor blood vessels in the brain.
E) nervous tissue in the brain.

Question 34

Taste receptors are

A) found only on the tongue.
B) unable to divide.
C) modified connective tissue cells.
D) modified epithelial cells.
E) found only on the cheeks and roof of the mouth.

Question 35

The auditory ossicles are located in the

A) external ear.
B) middle ear.
C) inner ear.
D) bony labyrinth.
E) auditory cortex.

Question 36

Which of the following would cause a form of conductive hearing impairment?

A) torn tympanic membrane
B) tumor in the brain
C) damage to the cochlear hair cells
D) damage to the acoustic nerve
E) damage to the temporal lobe

Question 37

The hearing receptors are contained in the

A) ampulla.
B) spiral organ.
C) utricle.
D) saccule.
E) semicircular canals.

Question 38

The range of human hearing is about ________ cycles per second.

A) 2,000-3,000
B) 2,000-200,000
C) 20-20,000
D) 2-2,000
E) 20,000-30,000

Question 39

Pain receptors

A) are generally stimulated by factors that can damage tissues.
B) adapt rapidly.
C) are among the most specialized receptors.
D) are widely distributed in the nerve tissues of the brain.
E) are all of the above.

Question 40

The auditory tube connects the throat with the

A) outer ear.
B) middle ear.
C) inner ear.
D) auricle.
E) auditory cortex.

Question 41

The sets of color receptors (cones)in the retina contain photopigments that are

A) red,green and blue.
B) red,blue and yellow.
C) green,yellow and purple.
D) orange,green and purple.
E) red,yellow and green.

Question 42

The primary taste sensation most sensitive to certain amino acids is _________.

A) umami
B) sweet
C) sour
D) salty
E) bitter

Question 43

Which of the following correctly lists the parts through which light passes as it enters the eye?

A) cornea,aqueous humor,lens,vitreous humor
B) aqueous humor,cornea,lens,vitreous humor
C) vitreous humor,lens,aqueous humor,cornea
D) cornea,lens,aqueous humor,vitreous humor
E) aqueous humor,vitreous humor,cornea,lens

Question 44

Where are olfactory receptors located?

A) in the olfactory bulbs
B) in the nasal sinuses
C) in the superior region of the nasal cavity

Question 45

Gustatory receptors are examples of ________.

A) chemoreceptors
B) mechanoreceptors
C) thermoreceptors
D) photoreceptors

Question 46

The inner ear is located in which cranial bone?

A) parietal
B) sphenoid
C) temporal
D) occipital

Question 47

The region of receptors in the retina that gives the sharpest vision is the

A) fovea centralis.
B) optic disk.
C) conjunctiva.
D) vascular tunic.
E) optic nerve.

Question 48

Rods in the retina contain the pigment

A) erythrolabe.
B) rhodopsin.
C) epinephrine.
D) cyanolabe.
E) chlorolabe.

Question 49

The ability of the nervous system to become less responsive to a maintained stimulus is called _____________.

A) immunity
B) sensory adaptation
C) accommodation
D) sensory deprivation

Question 50

Which of the following is part of the inner layer of the eye?

A) ciliary body
B) retina
C) choroid coat
D) sclera
E) cornea

Question 51

Floaters that cast shadows on the visual receptors are usually located in the

A) vitreous humor.
B) aqueous humor.
C) lens.
D) cornea.
E) iris.

Question 52

The lens of the eye thickens when the

A) suspensory ligaments pull on the lens capsule.
B) ciliary processes relax.
C) ciliary muscles relax.
D) ciliary muscles contract.
E) circular fibers of the iris contract.

Question 53

Worldwide,blindness is most commonly caused by changes in the

A) vascular tunic.
B) nervous tunic.
C) cornea.
D) lens.
E) sclera.

Question 54

The ampullae are swellings containing sensory receptors associated with

A) the cochlea.
B) the optic nerve.
C) the auricles.
D) the semicircular canals.
E) taste.

Question 55

Glaucoma is usually caused by

A) clouding of the lens.
B) clouding of the lens capsule.
C) accumulation of vitreous humor.
D) accumulation of aqueous humor.
E) loss of transparency of the cornea.

Question 56

The tip of the tongue is most sensitive to _________.

A) umami
B) sweet
C) sour
D) salty
E) bitter

Question 57

Which of the following nerves is NOT involved in taste sensation?

A) glossopharyngeal
B) facial
C) trigeminal
D) vagus

Question 58

Often pain caused by a heart attack is interpreted by the brain as coming from the left arm.This is called _____________.

A) referred pain
B) phantom pain
C) translocated injury
D) ectopic focus

Question 59

A cornea transplant is likely to work if the donated tissue includes

A) a functioning retina.
B) a cornea from an immunologically matched donor.
C) stem cells from the limbus.
D) rhodopsin.
E) an extra sclera.

Question 60

Treatment for cataract involves removal of the ________ and replacement with an artificial one.

A) cornea
B) sclera
C) lens
D) vitreous humor
E) retina

Question 61

Sympathetic nerve fibers are responsible for contraction of these muscle fibers in the iris.

A) muscle fibers of the circular group
B) muscle fibers of the radial group
C) muscle fibers of the autonomic group
D) muscle fibers of the choroid group
E) all of these

Question 62

Which structure is NOT responsible for refraction of light?

A) cornea
B) lens
C) aqueous humor
D) retina

Question 63

Where is the spiral organ located?

A) in the scala vestibuli
B) in the scala tympani
C) in the cochlear duct

Question 64

The optic disc,fovea centralis,and macula lutea are all structures found in this inner layer of the eye.

A) choroid
B) retina
C) sclera
D) vitreous body

Question 65

The bacteriocidal enzyme contained in tears is called ________.

A) ribozyme
B) lysozyme
C) lacrizyme
D) lysosome
E) hydrochloric acid

Question 66

When the lens of the eye has a more rounded shape,which statement is true?

A) Eye fatigue is more likely because ciliary muscle fibers are contracted.
B) Eye fatigue is unlikely because ciliary muscle fibers are relaxed.
C) Suspensory ligaments are stretched taut as the ciliary muscle fibers contract.
D) Suspensory ligaments have less tension due to relaxation of ciliary muscle fibers.

Question 67

Both near and far vision are possible because the lens can change shape,a phenomenon called ___________.

A) adjustment
B) adaptation
C) assimilation
D) accommodation

Question 68

Tears are produced by the ________.

A) conjunctiva
B) nasolacrimal duct
C) lacrimal gland
D) lacrimal sac

Question 69

The choroid coat,ciliary body and iris are components of this layer of the eye.

A) outer
B) middle
C) inner
D) vitreous

Question 70

Which auditory ossicle is attached by ligaments to the oval window?

A) malleus
B) incus
C) stapes
D) stapedius

Question 71

The ability to maintain posture and balance when the body is at rest is due to ___________.

A) dynamic equilibrium
B) the occipital lobes
C) static equilibrium
D) depth perception

Question 72

Hair cells of the spiral organ are embedded in this membrane and depolarize in responses to sound.

A) cochlear membrane
B) tympanic membrane
C) tectorial membrane
D) vestibular membrane
E) basilar membrane

Question 73

The region of the retina that produces the sharpest vision is the __________.

A) optic disc
B) macula lutea
C) optic chiasma
D) fovea centralis

Question 74

When stimulated,what is the immediate response of the spiral organ's hair cells?

A) stimulation of motor neurons in the auditory nerve
B) formation of otoliths
C) release of neurotransmitter to sensory neurons
D) vibration of the auditory ossicles

Question 75

The structure(s)that detect(s)motion of the head is/are ____________.

A) utricle and saccule
B) semicircular ducts
C) vestibular apparatus
D) cochlear receptors

Question 76

Auditory ossicles are part of the __________ ear.

A) outer
B) middle
C) inner
D) external

Question 77

In darkness or conditions of dim light,________ muscles of the iris are stimulated to contract,which ________ the pupil.

A) radial,dilates
B) circular,dilates
C) radial,constricts
D) circular,constricts

Question 78

This condition is usually without symptoms in early stages and develops when aqueous humor is formed faster than it is removed.

A) photophobia
B) glaucoma
C) cataract
D) Leber congenital amaurosis

Question 79

Which auditory ossicle is attached directly to the eardrum?

A) incus
B) stapes
C) malleus
D) pinna

Question 80

Similar to cerebrospinal fluid production,this watery secretion is manufactured constantly,helps nourish the lens and cornea,and helps maintain the shape of the front of the eye.

A) vitreous humor
B) visual purple
C) aqueous humor
D) lacrimal fluid