Deck 1: Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology

Question 1

Homeostatic mechanisms do not include

A) receptors.
B) positive feedback.
C) effectors.
D) a set point.
E) negative feedback.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which of the following causes conditions in the body to move away from the normal state?

A) negative feedback
B) homeostasis
C) metabolism
D) positive feedback
E) setpoint

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Requirements to maintain the life of humans do not include

A) water.
B) foods.
C) oxygen.
D) light.
E) pressure.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Metabolism is defined as

A) any individual process in the body.
B) all the structures in the body.
C) all of the homeostatic setpoints in the body.
D) all of the chemical reactions in the body
E) the collection of all of the organs in the body and their parts.

Question 5

An investigator who conducts an experiment to determine how temperature changes affect the rate at which the heart beats is most likely a(an)

A) anatomist.
B) physiologist.
C) chemist.
D) biochemist.

Question 6

Of the items listed,which is NOT required from the environment for the maintenance of life?

A) water
B) food
C) carbon dioxide
D) pressure
E) heat

Question 7

Homeostasis refers to

A) changing external conditions.
B) stable external conditions.
C) changing internal conditions.
D) maintaining internal conditions.
E) all of the above.

Question 8

This gas makes up approximately 1/5th of ordinary air and is used to release energy from food substances.

A) oxygen
B) carbon dioxide
C) hydrogen
D) nitrogen
E) helium

Question 9

Which term refers specifically to the structures that provide information about conditions in the internal environment?

A) setpoints
B) effectors
C) receptors
D) homeostasis
E) metabolism

Question 10

Which of the following is not considered one of the characteristics of life?

A) excretion
B) digestion
C) respiration
D) metabolism
E) absorption

Question 11

A drop in room temperature to 65^oF that causes the heater to turn on provides an example of a(an)

A) control system.
B) effector.
C) receptor.
D) stimulus.
E) response.

Question 12

Which of the following lists illustrates the idea of increasing levels of organization?

A) organelles,cells,tissues,organs,organ systems
B) tissues,cells,organs,organelles,organ systems
C) organs,organelles,organ systems,cells,tissues
D) cell,atom,organelle,molecule,macromolecule
E) cell,molecule,organelle,atom,macromolecule

Question 13

Water is

A) the most abundant chemical in the body.
B) a major component of the extracellular fluid.
C) a component of the internal environment.
D) a requirement of life.
E) all of the above.

Question 14

The ability of an organism to sense changes in its body is an example of

A) movement.
B) respiration.
C) responsiveness.
D) excretion.
E) absorption.

Question 15

Which of the following processes is NOT concerned with maintaining the life of an adult organism?

A) responsiveness
B) movement
C) reproduction
D) metabolism
E) assimilation

Question 16

In a crisis,the heart beats faster and more forcefully,resulting in

A) an increase in hydrostatic pressure.
B) a decrease in hydrostatic pressure.
C) no pressure changes.

Question 17

Which of the following examples illustrates a homeostatic mechanism?

A) shivering in response to a drop in body temperature
B) increasing body temperature during exercise
C) decreasing body temperature during prolonged exposure to cold conditions
D) dehydration from lack of water intake
E) frostbite on exposure to cold

Question 18

Incorporating substances into the body and changing them to chemically different forms is called

A) responsiveness.
B) anabolism.
C) catabolism.
D) assimilation.
E) reproduction.

Question 19

Blood plasma is an example of this type of fluid.

A) intracellular
B) extracellular
C) serous
D) acidic

Question 20

Which of the following directly cause the changes in the internal environment needed to maintain homeostasis?

A) receptors
B) effectors
C) setpoint
D) intracellular fluid
E) positive feedback

Question 21

Which of the following is true of positive feedback mechanisms?

A) They are the primary means of maintaining homeostasis.
B) They stabilize conditions.
C) They cause unstable conditions,at least temporarily.
D) They maintain the internal environment.
E) They move conditions toward a setpoint.

Question 22

The membrane on the surface of the lung is called the

A) visceral pleura.
B) parietal pleura.
C) visceral pericardium.
D) parietal pericardium.
E) visceral peritoneum.

Question 23

The passage of substances through membranes and into body fluids is an example of this life process.

A) excretion
B) absorption
C) circulation
D) assimilation

Question 24

A section that separates the body into left and right portions is a

A) frontal section.
B) transverse section.
C) coronal section.
D) sagittal section.
E) horizontal section.

Question 25

Sweating caused by hot weather is an example of this characteristic of life.

A) respiration
B) responsiveness
C) absorption
D) circulation

Question 26

Which of the following best describes the smaller cavities in the head?

A) the paranasal sinuses
B) the oral cavity
C) the nasal cavity
D) the middle ear cavities
E) all of the above

Question 27

The mediastinum separates

A) the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity.
B) the thoracic cavity into right and left parts.
C) the thoracic cavity from the pelvic cavity.
D) the abdominal cavity from the pelvic cavity.
E) the abdominal cavity into right and left parts.

Question 28

A body part that is above another part is said to be

A) anterior.
B) posterior.
C) superior.
D) inferior.
E) distal.

Question 29

In the list below,which displays the highest organizational level of complexity?

A) respiratory system
B) chemistry
C) heart
D) cellular organelles
E) tissues

Question 30

Changing absorbed substances into chemically different forms is the definition of this life process.

A) respiration
B) digestion
C) absorption
D) assimilation

Question 31

When a body is in the anatomical position,it is

A) standing erect with the face forward.
B) standing erect with face turned to the side.
C) lying on the back with the face forward.
D) lying on the back with the face turned to the side.
E) standing erect with the upper limbs reaching over the head.

Question 32

Removal of wastes produced by metabolic reactions is the definition of this life process.

A) excretion
B) absorption
C) circulation
D) assimilation

Question 33

The stomach is an example of which organizational level?

A) molecule
B) organelle
C) tissue
D) organ

Question 34

Squinting and blinking the eyes in bright sunlight is an example of this characteristic of life.

A) responsiveness
B) reproduction
C) respiration
D) absorption

Question 35

The axial portion of the body includes

A) the cranial cavity only.
B) the abdominopelvic and thoracic cavities only.
C) the cranial cavity,vertebral canal,thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity.
D) the thoracic cavity only.
E) the abdominopelvic cavity only.

Question 36

The effects of a hormone on digestive activity is an example of

A) anatomy.
B) physiology.
C) cytology.
D) histology.

Question 37

Observing how bones of the arm differ in shape from bones of the leg is a study in

A) anatomy.
B) physiology.
C) cytology.
D) histology.

Question 38

Water,H2O,is an example of which level of organization?

A) atom
B) molecule
C) organelle
D) cell

Question 39

Which of the following organs is found in the pelvic cavity?

A) urinary bladder
B) kidneys
C) liver
D) spleen
E) gallbladder

Question 40

The entire digestive tract is an example of which organizational level?

A) organelle
B) tissue
C) organ
D) organ system

Question 41

Sex hormones help to strengthen bones.

Question 42

Rob is camping out when a cold front causes freezing temperatures.Rob begins to shiver.Shivering in this scenario is an example of a(an)

A) control system.
B) effector.
C) receptor.
D) stimulus.
E) response.

Question 43

All materials,including those of the human body,are composed of chemicals.

Question 44

All forms of life use oxygen in respiration.

Question 45

The structure that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity is the

A) diaphragm.
B) liver.
C) mediastinum.
D) small intestine.

Question 46

This region refers to the front of the elbow.

A) brachial
B) popliteal
C) antecubital
D) cubital

Question 47

Which of the following is not in the thoracic cavity?

A) heart
B) lung
C) esophagus
D) spleen

Question 48

The gall bladder is contained in the

A) left upper quadrant
B) left lower quadrant
C) right upper quadrant
D) right lower quadrant

Question 49

The appendix is contained in the

A) left upper quadrant.
B) left lower quadrant.
C) right upper quadrant.
D) right lower quadrant.

Question 50

In the human,anterior and posterior are the same as

A) superior and inferior.
B) superficial and deep.
C) ventral and dorsal.
D) medial and lateral.

Question 51

The structure of a body part is closely related to its function.

Question 52

The urinary bladder is located in which abdominopelvic region?

A) Epigastric.
B) Umbilical.
C) Pubic.
D) Inguinal.

Question 53

Homeostatic mechanisms act through positive feedback.

Question 54

Heat helps determine the rate of metabolic reactions.

Question 55

The spleen is contained in the

A) left upper quadrant.
B) left lower quadrant.
C) right upper quadrant.
D) right lower quadrant.

Question 56

The traits that humans share with other organisms are called characteristics of life.

Question 57

A transverse section of a banana would be shaped like a(n)

A) circle.
B) triangle.
C) oval.
D) parabola.

Question 58

The __________ region is superior and lateral to the umbilical region.

A) lumbar
B) epigastric
C) inguinal
D) hypochondriac

Question 59

The right eye and right lung are

A) ipsilateral.
B) bilateral.
C) contralateral.
D) proximal.

Question 60

Heat is a form of energy.

Question 61

The absence of vital signs signifies death.

Question 62

In properly describing a patient's wound,the terms "right" and "left" apply to the patient's right and left.

Question 63

The weight of the air produces a force called atmospheric ________.

Question 64

The muscular system is responsible for body movements,maintenance of posture and production of body heat.

Question 65

The elbow is distal to the wrist.

Question 66

Part of the liver may be found in the right lower quadrant.

Question 67

The mouth is distal to the nose.

Question 68

The human organism can be divided into an axial portion and appendicular portion.

Question 69

The most abundant chemical substance in the body is ________.

Question 70

________ are substances that provide the body with necessary chemicals (nutrients)in addition to water.

Question 71

The branch of science that deals with the structure of human body parts is called ________.

Question 72

The organ systems responsible for integration and coordination are the nervous and endocrine systems.

Question 73

________ is the sum total of all of the chemical reactions in the body that break substances down and build them up.

Question 74

The branch of science that deals with the function of human body parts is called ________.

Question 75

Parietal membranes are attached to the surfaces of organs.

Question 76

________ obtains oxygen,uses oxygen to release energy from foods and removes gaseous wastes.

Question 77

The digestive system filters wastes from the blood and maintains fluid and electrolyte balance.

Question 78

The diaphragm separates the thoracic and the abdominopelvic cavities.

Question 79

The topics of human anatomy and physiology are difficult to separate because the structures of the body parts are closely related to their ________.

Question 80

The ears are lateral to the eyes.