Deck 11: Gastrointestinal Pathologies

Question 1

Which of the following is periodic regurgitation of gastric contents into the esophagus caused by relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter or increased intra-abdominal pressure?

A)Gastroesophageal reflux disease
B)Pectoris angina
C)Costal chondritis
D)Hiatal hernia

Answer 1

Gastroesophageal reflux disease

Question 2

Massage therapy for a client with irritable bowel syndrome:

A)Is contraindicated
B)Focuses on relaxation and stress management while avoiding the abdomen if sensitive
C)Requires deep abdominal massage
D)Is indicated only after symptoms have subsided

Answer 2

Focuses on relaxation and stress management while avoiding the abdomen if sensitive

Question 3

Massage for a client with nausea from a cause that is not contraindicated:

A)Should exclude mobilizations,stretches,pressure,and speed that rocks the client and moves the head or limbs
B)Should use a side-lying position only
C)Should focus on the abdomen and low back
D)Requires permission from a health care provider

Answer 3

Should exclude mobilizations,stretches,pressure,and speed that rocks the client and moves the head or limbs

Question 4

Which of the following is inflammation of the tonsils?

A)Tonsillitis
B)Palatinitis
C)Pharyngitis
D)Sinusitis

Question 5

Which of the following are benign growths on mucous membranes,commonly found in the colon?

A)Fissures
B)Polyps
C)Hemorrhoids
D)Diverticuli

Question 6

Which of the following is inflammation of the gastric mucosa?

A)Ileitis
B)Gastritis
C)Cholecystitis
D)Colitis

Question 7

For a client with Crohn disease:

A)Always begin with the client in the supine position.
B)Use circular,clockwise strokes on the abdomen.
C)Avoid the abdomen.
D)No special considerations are necessary.

Question 8

Abdominal massage should be applied:

A)In broad strokes,in a counter-clockwise direction
B)In circular strokes,in a clockwise direction
C)Without a bolster behind the knees
D)Inferior to superior

Question 9

A client with gastroenteritis (also known as stomach flu)is indicated for massage:

A)Once the client begins antibiotic treatment
B)Only if the client is not vomiting
C)If the cause is an allergic reaction to food
D)After 48 hours of being symptom-free

Question 10

Ulcerations of the mucosal lining in parts of the gastrointestinal tract exposed to acidic gastric juice,often caused by the bacteria Helicobacter pylori,are known as:

A)Diverticulitis
B)Ulcerative colitis
C)Peptic ulcer disease
D)Crohn disease

Question 11

Which of the following is an acute infectious viral disease caused by the paramyxovirus (a significant symptom is swelling of the parotid salivary glands)?

A)Influenza
B)Measles
C)Tonsillitis
D)Mumps

Question 12

Which of the following is infection or inflammation of diverticula?

A)Ulcerative colitis
B)Diverticulitis
C)Cushing syndrome
D)Irritable bowel syndrome

Question 13

Benign growths suspended by a stalk on mucous membranes are called:

A)Pedunculated polyps
B)Stalactites
C)Campylobacters
D)Mumps

Question 14

Which of the following is frequent passing of unformed,loose,watery stools?

A)Micturition
B)Diarrhea
C)Constipation
D)Voiding

Question 15

For gastrointestinal conditions in general,which of the following actions is NOT a common consideration during massage?

A)Ask which positions are most comfortable.
B)Avoid speed or rocking that might induce nausea.
C)Use techniques that stimulate accessory organ activity.
D)With the client in the supine position,use a bolster to achieve a semireclining position.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a sign or symptom of tonsillitis?

A)Sore throat
B)Difficulty swallowing
C)Diarrhea
D)Loss of voice

Question 17

Which of the following terms describes infrequent or difficult passing of stools?

A)Hemorrhoids
B)Hernia
C)Constipation
D)Diarrhea

Question 18

Which of the following is a type of chronic inflammatory bowel disease that affects any part of the GI tract and can extend through all of its layers?

A)Alzheimer disease
B)Addison disease
C)Crohn disease
D)Cushing disease

Question 19

Which of the following is a condition of the colon characterized by abnormal muscular contraction and excessive mucus in the stool?

A)Myosis
B)Mucosal colitis
C)Inflammatory bowel syndrome
D)Irritable bowel syndrome

Question 20

The most common symptom of gastroesophageal reflux disease is:

A)Loss of appetite
B)Heartburn
C)Fever
D)Weight gain

Question 21

Which of the following statements is NOT true for a client diagnosed with hepatitis?

A)Fever and jaundice are contraindicated with massage postponed.
B)Avoid deep pressure near the liver.
C)Massage is contraindicated until all symptoms have subsided.
D)Impairment of the liver greatly increases the chances of bruising.

Question 22

Which of the following is a progressive liver disease with liver cells destroyed and replaced with fibrous scar tissue,giving the liver a yellow-orange color?

A)Hepatitis
B)Bile cystosis
C)Cirrhosis
D)Gastritis

Question 23

Yellowish coloring of the skin and mucosa caused by elevated blood bilirubin is called:

A)Dermatitis
B)Cirrhosis
C)Thrush
D)Jaundice

Question 24

Because a surgical mesh used to repair or prevent a hernia must adhere to surrounding tissue:

A)Do not use lubricant.
B)Massage the abdomen to increase peristalsis.
C)Techniques such as friction are contraindicated over the mesh site.
D)Massage is contraindicated for 3 months after surgery.

Question 25

Which of the following are protrusions of tissues or organs through a weakness in a membranous or cavity wall?

A)Aneurysms
B)Ulcers
C)Diverticula
D)Hernias

Question 26

Which of the following is inflammation of the vermiform appendix?

A)Appendicitis
B)Peritonitis
C)Diverticulitis
D)Vermitis

Question 27

When treating a client with anorexia nervosa,all but which of the following considerations should be made?

A)Be prepared to work through clothing.
B)Use an emollient lubricant to alleviate dry skin.
C)Treat the abdomen to help relieve constipation.
D)Get approval from the client's health care provider.

Question 28

Which of the following is inflammation of the liver?

A)Hepatitis
B)Peritonitis
C)Pancreatitis
D)Gastritis

Question 29

Which of the following is an inflammation of the large intestine that usually begins in the rectum and then spreads proximally?

A)Crohn disease
B)Diverticulosis
C)Irritable bowel syndrome
D)Ulcerative colitis

Question 30

Which of the following is inflammation of the gallbladder?

A)Cholelithiasis
B)Gastritis
C)Peritonitis
D)Cholecystitis

Question 31

Dilated or inflamed veins in the anal or rectal regions are called:

A)Hemorrhoids
B)Haustra
C)Diverticula
D)Anorectal polyps

Question 32

Massage for a client with jaundice:

A)Is indicated as long as fever and nausea are not present
B)Should be performed in the semireclining position
C)Requires parental approval
D)Is contraindicated

Question 33

A client who reports pain that began vaguely near the umbilicus then shifted to the lower right quadrant,and who had periods of nausea for the past 6 to 12 hours:

A)Should receive massage to mobilize the contents of the abdomen
B)Has symptoms of appendicitis,a medical emergency
C)Has symptoms of gastroenteritis and should postpone massage until symptoms subside
D)Should not be placed in the prone position

Question 34

Which of the following is an emotional disorder as well as an eating disorder in which the person refuses to maintain normal body weight?

A)Anorexia nervosa
B)Bulimia
C)Culinary nervosa
D)Seasonal affective syndrome

Question 35

A femoral hernia:

A)Is a loop of intestine that descends through the canal just beneath the groin
B)Is passage of intra-abdominal contents through a weakness around the belly button
C)Occurs when part of the stomach protrudes through the diaphragm into the thorax
D)Occurs when a loop of intestine enters the inguinal canal

Question 36

A client with gallstones may feel pain:

A)In the lower back
B)In the lower left quadrant of the abdomen
C)In the lower right quadrant of the abdomen
D)In the middle back and right shoulder

Question 37

Which of the following actions does NOT apply when treating a client with a colostomy bag?

A)Recommend not eating for 2 to 3 hours before the session.
B)Prone position will likely be best.
C)Do not apply lubricant on or near the bag opening.
D)In the event of bag spillage,ask clients if they prefer to clean it themselves or if they want assistance.

Question 38

Which of the following is cholelithiasis?

A)Gallbladder inflammation
B)Gallstones
C)Liver inflammation
D)Kidney stones

Question 39

Sensitivity to gluten resulting in diarrhea,fatigue,flatulence,bloating,and dermatitis is called:

A)Food poisoning
B)Gastroesophageal reflux disease
C)Crohn disease
D)Celiac disease

Question 40

Which of the following is characterized by an insatiable craving for food resulting in episodes of continuous eating (bingeing)followed by recurrent inappropriate compensatory behaviors to prevent weight gain?

A)Anorexia nervosa
B)Bulimia
C)Obsessive-compulsive disorder
D)Gastroesophageal reflex disease