Deck 4: Managing Information Resources with Databases

Question 1

A marketing representative, who wants to put the most positive spin on a tally of recent orders, chooses to include ones that have been canceled. This is an example of high-quality data.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

A relational database is less dependent on the hardware and its particular operating system.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Building interfaces or bridges between different databases to link common fields, is an integration strategy.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

In an information organization system, a field can contain either numeric data or text, but not the two together.

Question 5

Shadow systems are managed by individuals or departments.

Question 6

While generating payroll checks, the payroll department's computer programs read each record in the file and print out checks and payroll stubs for each person using the information contained in the files for that department. This is an example of data integration.

Question 7

Master data management has more to do with technology than people, processes, and governance.

Question 8

Shards should be accessed from the same computer for improved performance.

Question 9

Interactive voice response (IVR) is a system used to handle massive call volumes.

Question 10

Companies often use the same relational DBMS for their data warehouse as they use for their operational database, but loaded onto a separate server and tuned for fast retrieval and reporting.

Question 11

In an organization, each employee might work for one or more projects, as well as for different employers. In such a case, the best approach by a database manager would be to create multiple records for the employee.

Question 12

During mergers, integration of multiple databases becomes a major challenge.

Question 13

Database developers avoid using meaningful information for primary keys.

Question 14

A blog with a title, subtitle, content with date of creation, and a few images can be considered an example of semi-structured information.

Question 15

Data stewards ensure that people adhere to the definitions for the master data in their organizational units.

Question 16

An organization's data warehouse contains information drawn from multiple sources that can be used for analysis, intelligence gathering, and strategic planning.

Question 17

While creating a relational database for an organization, "Employees" would constitute one attribute with entities such as employee ID number, last name, first name, birth date, e-mail address, and phone number.

Question 18

When a user clicks "SUBMIT" on a web-based survey, the record is inserted into the database through an SQL command.

Question 19

A network database supports many-to-many relationships.

Question 20

The data collected by online pop-up surveys is considered to be high-quality data.

Question 21

An e-commerce Web site stores sales transactions with clearly defined fields for date, customer number, item number, invoice number, and amount. This is an example of which type of information resource?

A) unstructured information
B) semi-structured information
C) structured information
D) shard information

Question 22

An attribute of an entity is called a(n) ________.

A) element
B) sub-set
C) field
D) character

Question 23

What is the main drawback of using unstructured information?

A) It hinders creativity.
B) It is expensive to maintain.
C) It cannot store numerical information.
D) It is extremely difficult to retrieve information.

Question 24

The separate file processing system leads to the creation of redundant information because ________.

A) it does not allow changes to be made to existing file structure
B) the computer program creates a fresh record for different tasks
C) each set of computer programs operates on its own records
D) different sets of computer programs use the same records

Question 25

A legal firm has a back room stacked with boxes containing files of hundreds of cases. This is an example of ________.

A) semi-structured information
B) unstructured information
C) meta data
D) relational data

Question 26

Compared to unstructured information, semi-structured information ________.

A) is more difficult to break down
B) has no inherent order
C) is easier to query and aggregate
D) is more difficult to link together

Question 27

While saving her word-processed academic documents, Ashley includes the subject, title, and the author's name in the properties. Which type of information is she adding to her document?

A) metadata
B) sharded data
C) factual data
D) clerical data

Question 28

________ specifies the characteristics of a field, such as the type of data it will hold.

A) Data definition
B) File processing system
C) Database architecture
D) Network database

Question 29

An integrated collection of information that is logically related and stored in such a way as to minimize duplication and facilitate rapid retrieval is called a ________.

A) data warehouse
B) data dictionary
C) data definition
D) database

Question 30

Information that cannot be linked together is called ________.

A) unstructured information
B) semi-structured information
C) structured information
D) secure information

Question 31

Representation of an entity in a meaningful way, which includes the attributes of the entity, is called a ________.

A) summary
B) primary key
C) data-set
D) record

Question 32

To balance the information needs of multiple stakeholders, top-level managers need clear, consistent, and accurate reports that summarize information from across the enterprise.

Question 33

Information is structured if facts and data ________.

A) cannot be linked together
B) can be broken down into component parts
C) cannot be organized into hierarchies
D) include numerical values

Question 34

Databases are created and managed using ________.

A) database management software
B) database architecture software
C) network database software
D) shadow system software

Question 35

The early file processing systems were very difficult to maintain because of ________.

A) complicated tables and fields
B) data dependency
C) frequent software upgradations
D) lack of database administrators

Question 36

In a clinic, each visiting physician maintains a spreadsheet with the name, work phone number, mobile number, and email of the clients. These individual spreadsheets are then compiled into one sheet. This would be an example of which type of information?

A) unstructured information
B) semi-structured information
C) structured information
D) secure information

Question 37

Structured information can be defined as data ________.

A) that can be organized into hierarchies
B) that cannot be linked together
C) about data that clarifies the nature of the information
D) that is difficult to break down

Question 38

Changes to the integrated database take less time from IT, but more from the end users.

Question 39

Batch processing is defined as ________.

A) sequentially executing operations on each record in a large batch
B) arranging data in a table as records and fields for each record
C) removing duplication from a set of data
D) the strategy of defining and linking records

Question 40

What role does metadata play in relation to information?

A) clarifying the nature of the information
B) helping gather unstructured information
C) organizing unstructured information to structured information
D) removing redundant information from unstructured data

Question 41

A model used for planning the organization's database that identifies what kind of information is needed, what entities will be created, and how they are related to one another is called a(n) ________.

A) archiving model
B) functional model
C) data model
D) hierarchical model

Question 42

In a relational database, information is organized into tables in which each row represents a(n ) ________.

A) record
B) field
C) attribute
D) primary key

Question 43

Which database resembles an organizational chart or an upside down tree, with the root record the company itself and the departments the root's child records?

A) network database
B) hierarchical database
C) stratified database
D) cluster database

Question 44

________ is a process that refines entities and their relationships to help minimize duplication of information in tables.

A) Normalization
B) Database management
C) Structured Query Language
D) Data modeling

Question 45

Which of the following is an early database approach that allowed flexible links to support M:M relationships?

A) hierarchical database
B) stratified database
C) lean database
D) network database

Question 46

The database model that organizes information into tables of records that are connected to one another by linking a field in one table to a field in another table with matching data is called ________.

A) hierarchical database
B) relational database
C) network database
D) object-oriented database

Question 47

Which process assigns incremental numbers to records as they are created to ensure that each record has a unique primary key?

A) normalization
B) functional numbering
C) standardization
D) autonumbering

Question 48

Aban Constructions Limited, a construction company, maintains its records in rows within tables, and the tables are interconnected by linking the matching fields. Which type of database architecture does Aban Constructions Limited use?

A) hierarchical database
B) network database
C) relational database
D) object-oriented database

Question 49

Which of the following is a function of normalization?

A) assigning primary keys
B) assigning incremental numbers to records
C) minimizing duplication of information
D) converting primary keys to foreign keys

Question 50

The employee database of a company needs to store the birth date of each employee. In the context of database architecture, this is an example of a ________ relationship.

A) one-to-many
B) many-to-one
C) many-to-many
D) one-to-one

Question 51

Which of the following do database developers use to avoid anomalies that can happen when users try to insert, edit, or delete data?

A) autonumbering
B) accuracy checks
C) normalization
D) referential integrity

Question 52

An early database approach that linked records based on graded or ranked relationships, such as that in the organizational chart, is called ________.

A) hierarchical database
B) network database
C) stratified database
D) cluster database

Question 53

What is the drawback of using Social Security Number (SSN) as the primary keys for tables of employees, hospital patients, students, and even cable TV customers?

A) typing the nine digit SSN numbers is laborious and time consuming
B) non-U.S. citizens may not have a SSN
C) it is not a confidential identification number
D) it is not a unique identification number

Question 54

Which of the following database architectures works well for one-to-many relationships, but is not effective with many-to-many relationships?

A) network database
B) hierarchical database
C) object-oriented database
D) cluster database

Question 55

Which database is especially used for managing web content and web-based resources?

A) relational database
B) hierarchial database
C) object-oriented database
D) XML database

Question 56

Which of the following is the most widely used database architecture?

A) stratified database
B) object-oriented database
C) network database
D) relational database

Question 57

Which database architecture is popularly used for organizing complex data types such as graphics and multimedia?

A) stratified database
B) object-oriented database
C) network database
D) relational database

Question 58

The database management software Oracle uses which type of database architecture?

A) network database
B) relational database
C) hierarchical database
D) object-oriented database

Question 59

In a firm, an employee might be working on any number of projects, each of which can have any number of employees assigned to it. In the context of database architecture, this is an example of a ________ relationship.

A) one-to-many
B) many-to-one
C) many-to-many
D) one-to-one

Question 60

A field, or a group of fields, that makes the record unique in that table is called a ________.

A) primary key
B) primary field
C) central entity
D) key attribute

Question 61

________ takes advantage of signals transmitted via the phone to access the database, retrieve account information, and enter data.

A) Structured query language
B) Interactive voice response
C) Electronic reported outcome
D) Dialog system

Question 62

Documentation that contains the details of each field in every table, including user-friendly descriptions of the field's meaning, is known as ________.

A) database schema
B) data dictionary
C) referential schema
D) scalability

Question 63

In a university database, the student table, with student ID as a primary key, is linked to the university department table through its primary key-department ID. In the student table, department ID is a ________.

A) foreign key
B) primary key
C) complex key
D) functional key

Question 64

________ ensures that every foreign key entry actually exists as a primary key entry in its main table.

A) Scalability
B) Database schema
C) Referential integrity
D) Database integration

Question 65

Which of the following is a disadvantage of using shadow systems?

A) longer time to retrieve information
B) lack of stability and security
C) requirement of tools that are not easily available
D) lack of documentation and support

Question 66

Structured query language is a standard query language ________.

A) used to manipulate information in relational databases
B) which uses the signals transmitted via the phone to access databases
C) that offers voice commands as a means to access a database
D) used to enhance security, plan capacity requirements, and design backup

Question 67

The process by which users are directed to a copy of the database when the main one fails is called ________.

A) mirroring
B) cloning
C) silvering
D) scaling

Question 68

Shadow systems focus on ________.

A) specific information requirements of an individual or department
B) improving the scalability of the relational database
C) intelligence gathering and strategic planning
D) cleaning redundancies from data

Question 69

One goal of normalization is to make ________.

A) duplicate copies of essential information
B) primary keys correspond to all tables
C) data hierarchically dependent
D) data functionally dependent

Question 70

Which product offers voice commands sequenced like a natural conversation, as a means to access a database?

A) Structured Query Language
B) Automated Call Distribution
C) Dialog System
D) VoiceBox

Question 71

A system's ability to handle rapidly increasing demand is called ________.

A) load balancing
B) parallelism
C) scalability
D) caching

Question 72

Smaller databases developed by individuals or departments that focus on their creator's specific information requirements are known as ________.

A) shadow systems
B) data warehouses
C) data stewards
D) referential schemas

Question 73

Which of the following ensures that there will be minimum redundancy in a relational database?

A) foreign key
B) autonumbering
C) functional ID
D) one to one relationships

Question 74

Which of the following is the best approach while handling complex relationships, such as the data for a company where employees can be assigned to more than one project and each project can have more than one employee assigned to it?

A) create two or more records for the employee, each of which lists a different project
B) include multiple project fields, such as project 1, project 2, and so on, for the employee
C) normalize the relationship between "employees" records and "projects" records
D) make the relationship between "employees" records and "projects" records hierarchically dependent

Question 75

A data model that graphically shows the tables, attributes, keys, and logical relationships for a database is called a ________.

A) data graph
B) shadow schema
C) database schema
D) referential schema

Question 76

A database schema is used to ________.

A) graphically document the data model
B) record the details of the fields in a table
C) create a backup of the database
D) identify redundant information in the database

Question 77

A foreign key is ________.

A) an attribute that is present in only one table
B) a primary key which appears as an attribute in a different table
C) a unique value or attribute that determines a primary key
D) a field, or a group of fields, that makes each record unique in a table

Question 78

The database performance tuning process takes into account ________.

A) the system's capacity of scaling
B) the way the end users access the data
C) the ways in which relational databases can be manipulated
D) the number of many-to-many relationships in the database

Question 79

To support an innovative idea for an important business project, a manager chooses to create a separate database system which is not integrated into the enterprise database. This is an example of a(n) ________.

A) excessive documentation
B) shadow system
C) foreign database
D) data warehouse

Question 80

SQL links tables together by ________.

A) using their primary and foreign keys
B) using data stored in cloud computers
C) assigning incremental numbers to records
D) assigning XML tags to the tables