Deck 5: A Survey of Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

Question 1

Which of the following is found in eukaryotic cells but not in prokaryotic cells?

A) nucleus
B) mitochondria
C) endoplic reticulum
D) lysosomes
E) All of these choices are correct.

Answer 1

E

Question 2

Protists with contractile vacuoles

A) are algae.
B) use them to expel excess water from the cell.
C) typically live in salty seawater.
D) use them for motility.
E) All of these choices are correct.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The size of a eukaryotic cell ribosome is

A) 30S.
B) 40S.
C) 50S.
D) 70S.
E) 80S.

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Eukaryotic flagella differ from prokaryotic flagella because only eukaryotic flagella

A) are used for cell motility.
B) facilitate chemotaxis.
C) facilitate phototaxis.
D) are long whip-like structures.
E) contain microtubules.

Question 5

Organelles found in algae but not found in protozoa or fungi are the

A) mitochondria.
B) lysosomes.
C) Golgi apparatus.
D) chloroplasts.
E) endoplic reticulum.

Question 6

Histones are

A) found in polyribosomes.
B) enzymes found in lysosomes.
C) proteins of the cytoskeleton.
D) proteins associated with DNA in the nucleus.
E) on the surface of rough endoplic reticulum.

Question 7

The cell's series of tunnel-like membranes functioning in transport and storage are the

A) mitochondria.
B) lysosomes.
C) Golgi apparatus.
D) chloroplasts.
E) endoplic reticulum.

Question 8

The endosymbiotic theory says that precursor eukaryotic cells acquired mitochondria by endosymbiosis with a _____ ancestor, and others gained photosynthetic ability from endosymbiosis with a _____ ancestor.

A) protozoan, algae
B) archaea, cyanobacteria
C) rickettsial, cyanobacteria
D) helminth, algae
E) None of the choices are correct.

Question 9

The eukaryotic cell organelle that most resembles a bacterial cell is the

A) nucleus.
B) Golgi apparatus.
C) mitochondria.
D) lysosome.
E) ribosome.

Question 10

Protists include

A) yeasts and molds.
B) algae and protozoa.
C) helminths.
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 11

Chitin is a chemical component of the cell walls of

A) protozoa.
B) algae.
C) fungi.
D) bacteria.
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 12

Cilia are found in certain

A) protozoa.
B) algae.
C) fungi.
D) bacteria.
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 13

Cell walls are not found on typical cells of

A) protozoa.
B) algae.
C) fungi.
D) bacteria.
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 14

The site for ribosomal RNA synthesis in eukaryotes is the

A) ribosome.
B) nucleolus.
C) nucleus.
D) Golgi apparatus.
E) lysosome.

Question 15

The cytoskeleton

A) anchors organelles.
B) provides support.
C) functions in movements of the cytopl.
D) helps maintain cell shape.
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 16

Which organelle contains cristae where enzymes and electron carriers for aerobic respiration are found?

A) mitochondria
B) lysosomes
C) Golgi apparatus
D) chloroplasts
E) endoplic reticulum

Question 17

The eukaryotic cell's glycocalyx is

A) mostly polysaccharide.
B) the site where many metabolic reactions occur.
C) also called the cell wall.
D) composed of many diverse proteins.
E) protection against osmotic lysis.

Question 18

When a eukaryotic cell is not undergoing mitosis, the DNA and its associated proteins appear as a visible thread-like mass called the

A) nuclear envelope.
B) nucleosome.
C) nucleolus.
D) nucleopl.
E) chromatin.

Question 19

An organelle that is a stack of flattened, membranous sacs and functions to receive, modify, and package proteins for cell secretion is the

A) mitochondria.
B) lysosomes.
C) Golgi apparatus.
D) chloroplasts.
E) endoplic reticulum.

Question 20

Filamentous fungi are called

A) pseudohyphae.
B) septa.
C) molds.
D) dimorphic.
E) mycelium.

Question 21

Larvae and eggs are developmental forms of

A) protozoa.
B) algae.
C) helminths.
D) fungi.

Question 22

The group of protozoa that have flagella are the

A) Sarcodina.
B) Ciliophora.
C) Mastigophora.
D) Apicomplexa.

Question 23

A mold is observed to have asexual conidia, sexual spores within a sac, and septate hyphae. It is most likely classified in the

A) Zygomycota.
B) Ascomycota.
C) Basidiomycota.
D) Deuteromycota.
E) Fungi Imperfecti.

Question 24

Which of the following does not pertain to helminths?

A) in kingdom Protista
B) parasitic worms
C) eggs and sperm for reproduction
D) often alternate hosts in complex life cycles
E) have various organ systems

Question 25

All of the following are found in some or all protozoa except

A) motility.
B) ectopl and endopl.
C) heterotrophic nutrition.
D) formation of a cyst stage.
E) cell wall.

Question 26

In order to reproduce sexually, diploid cells must produce _________ gametes through ________.

A) diploid; mitosis
B) diploid; meiosis
C) haploid; mitosis
D) haploid; meiosis
E) triploid; mitosis

Question 27

Fungal spores

A) are only produced under harmful environmental conditions.
B) are only asexually produced.
C) cannot be seen in a light microscope.
D) are produced by molds but not by yeasts.
E) are used to identify fungi.

Question 28

Which of the following spores are produced within a sac?

A) chlamydospores
B) sporangiospores
C) blastospores
D) arthrospores
E) zygospores

Question 29

Which is mismatched?

A) Pyrrophyta - euglenids
B) Chrysophyta - diatoms
C) Phaeophyta - brown algae
D) Rhodophyta - red seaweed
E) Chlorophyta - green algae

Question 30

When buds remain attached, they form a chain of yeast cells called

A) pseudohyphae.
B) septa.
C) molds.
D) dimorphic.
E) mycelium.

Question 31

Both fish and humans develop neurological symptoms and bloody skin lesions due to a sudden "bloom" of this algae.2013

A) Prototheca
B) Pfiesteria piscicida
C) diatoms
D) Phaeophyta
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 32

Fungi that grow as yeast at one temperature but will grow as mold at another temperature are called

A) dimorphic.
B) saprobes.
C) pseudohyphae.
D) spores.
E) Fungi Imperfecti Deuteromycota).

Question 33

The motile feeding stage of protozoa is called the

A) trophozoite.
B) cyst.
C) sporozoite.
D) oocyst.
E) food vacuole.

Question 34

What do zygospores, ascospores, and basidiospores have in common?

A) They are enclosed in a sac.
B) They are types of conidia.
C) They are sexual spores.
D) They are found only in molds.
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 35

The stacks of thylakoids in a chloroplast are called

A) grana.
B) stroma.
C) mesosomes.
D) cristae.
E) packages.

Question 36

Blooms of certain dinoflagellates are associated with all of the following except

A) paralytic shellfish poisoning.
B) red tides.
C) ciguatera.
D) Pfiesteria piscicida.
E) euglenids.

Question 37

All of the following are helminths except

A) pinworms.
B) flukes.
C) trypanosomes.
D) roundworms.
E) tapeworms.

Question 38

Which of the following spores are sexually produced?

A) chlamydospores
B) sporangiospores
C) blastospores
D) arthrospores
E) zygospores

Question 39

Which is mismatched?

A) Giardia - transmitted by feces in drinking water
B) Histopla - causes Ohio Valley fever
C) Trichomonas - sexually transmitted
D) Plodium - causes Chaga's disease
E) Saccharomyces - yeast in making bread and beer

Question 40

Which is not a characteristic of fungi?

A) Fungal cells have cell walls.
B) Fungi are photosynthetic.
C) Fungi include single-celled and filamentous forms.
D) Fungi are heterotrophs.
E) Fungi can use a wide variety of nutrients.

Question 41

All algae have chloroplasts.

Question 42

Which of the following is in the correct order?

A) cytokinesis, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
B) metaphase, anaphase, cytokinesis, telophase
C) prophase, cytokinesis, telophase, anaphase
D) interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 43

Plankton are floating communities of helminths.

Question 44

Infections caused by fungi are called mycoses.

Question 45

Sources for human infection with worms are all of the following except

A) infected animals.
B) contaminated food.
C) contaminated water.
D) contaminated soil.
E) contaminated air.

Question 46

The only division of Fungi that contains human pathogens is the Deuteromycota.

Question 47

Algae are classified into divisions based principally on their type of motility.

Question 48

Fungi are autotrophic.

Question 49

Chromosomes are not visible in the nucleus unless the cell is undergoing nuclear division.

Question 50

All fungi have hyphae.

Question 51

All of the following are correct about helminths except

A) they generally make only a few eggs per day.
B) they are not all parasites, although some are.
C) as parasites, their reproductive organs are their most developed organs.
D) their eggs and larvae are vulnerable to heat.
E) tapeworms and pinworms are two examples.

Question 52

Eukaryotic mitochondria have their own 70S ribosomes and circular DNA.

Question 53

On what basis are fungi classified as Fungi Imperfecti, or Deuteromycota?

A) based on their ability to cause diseases in animals
B) based on whether they have a cap containing gills
C) based on if the fungus lacks a sexual state
D) based on if they have a special fungal sac
E) based on if they can grow in acidic soil

Question 54

Which of the following is the cause of malaria?

A) Toxopla gondii
B) Plodium
C) Giardia
D) Leishmania
E) Trypanosoma

Question 55

There are nine peripheral pairs and one central pair of _____ found inside eukaryotic flagella and cilia.

Question 56

The eukaryotic cell membrane is a bilayer of sterols.

Question 57

Biologists have found evidence that eukaryotic cells evolved from prokaryotic organisms by a process of intracellular _____.

Question 58

The smooth endoplic reticulum functions in synthesis of ___________.

A) glycogen
B) proteins
C) glucose
D) nucleic acids
E) lipids

Question 59

Which of the following are present in viruses?

A) Mitochondria
B) Cytoskeleton
C) Pigments
D) Endoplic reticulum
E) None of these choices are correct.

Question 60

The organelle involved in intracellular digestion of food particles is the

A) Golgi apparatus.
B) lysosome.
C) mitochondria.
D) transitional vesicle.
E) smooth endoplic reticulum.

Question 61

Proteins associated with DNA in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells are called _______.

Question 62

The passageways in the nuclear envelope for movement of substances to and from the nucleus and cytopl are called nuclear _____.

Question 63

Which organisms) would be classified as protists?

A) an endospore-forming bacterial cell
B) a fungus growing on the peel of an orange
C) algae in a pond
D) seaweed growing in the ocean
E) a parasitic amoeba that can cause meningitis.

Question 64

In eukaryotic cells, the structure primarily responsible for the adherence of cells to surfaces in the environment and the formation of biofilms is the

A) glycocalyx.
B) cell wall.
C) cell membrane.
D) cilia.
E) flagella.

Question 65

Discuss in detail, at least four reasons why fungi belong in their own kingdom instead of the kingdoms Plantae or Protista.

Question 66

Discuss the role of specific algal and fungal toxins in human disease.

Question 67

Compare and contrast the physical characteristics of protozoans, yeasts, and algae.

Question 68

Compare and contrast the morphology of cestodes, trematodes, and nematodes.

Question 69

The sexually mature life cycle stage of helminths occurs in the

A) transport host.
B) secondary host.
C) intermediate host.
D) definitive host.

Question 70

Compare and contrast protozoan cysts, fungal spores, and bacterial endospores with regard to: a) the factors that stimulate their formation, b) their structure, and c) their function.

Question 71

The major structural elements of a eukaryotic cytoskeleton include

A) microfilaments.
B) microtubules.
C) collagen fibers.
D) fimbriae.
E) calcium carbonate.

Question 72

To provide motility, prokaryotic flagella whip back and forth while eukaryotic flagella rotate.

Question 73

A protein being synthesized by a cell for export would follow which pathway in the cell?

A) ribosome to cell membrane
B) ribosome to endoplic reticulum to Golgi apparatus to cell membrane
C) ribosome to Golgi apparatus to endoplic reticulum to cell membrane
D) ribosome to lysosome to endoplic reticulum to Golgi apparatus to cell membrane

Question 74

In eukaryotic cells, ribosomes have two locations: scattered free in the _____, and bound on the surface of the
_____.

Question 75

Which group of protozoans are generally nonmotile?

A) Sarcodina
B) Ciliophora
C) Mastigophora
D) Apicomplexa

Question 76

Compare and contrast the yeasts and molds with regard to: a) microscopic cellular morphology, b) macroscopic colony morphology, and c) reproduction.

Question 77

A _____ originates from the Golgi apparatus as one type of vesicle that contains a variety of enzymes for intracellular digestion.

Question 78

Chloroplasts are composed of membranous sacs called _____ that carry chlorophyll. Surrounding these sacs is a ground substance called the _____.

Question 79

The long, thread-like branching cells of molds are called _____.

Question 80

During unfavorable growth conditions, many protozoa can convert to a resistant, dormant stage called a
_____.