Appendix

Question 1

There is scientific evidence that global climate change is occurring, and that it is driven by human activities.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

What is antibiotic resistance?

A)Bacteria that have become resistant to specific antibiotics
B)Human cells that have become resistant to specific antibiotics
C)Human cells have started to be harmed by specific antibiotics
D)Bacteria have become more susceptible to specific antibiotics

Answer 2

A

Question 3

What are endemic species?

A)Species that are found throughout most of the world's ecosystems
B)Species that are threatened
C)Species that are endangered
D)Species that are only found in one (often small)geographic area

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following statements is correct?

A)Global warming is the same as global climate change.
B)Global climate change includes global warming, but also increased fires, changes habitats, and changes patterns of temperature and rainfall.
C)Global climate change has no effects of human populations.
D)Global climate change includes changes in patterns of rainfall, but not in patterns of temperature.

Question 5

What would happen if the body did not produce insulin?

A)Cells of the body would keep on taking glucose from the bloodstream and storing it.
B)Cells of the body would not release glucose into the blood stream when glucose levels were low in the blood stream.
C)Cells of the body would not be able to take in glucose, even when glucose levels were high in the blood stream.
D)Cells of the body would neither take in glucose from the bloodstream nor release it into the blood stream.

Question 6

What would happen if the body did not produce glucagon?

A)Cells of the body would keep on taking glucose from the bloodstream and storing it.
B)Cells of the body would not release glucose into the blood stream when glucose levels were low in the blood stream.
C)Cells of the body would keep on releasing glucose into the blood stream, even when glucose levels were high in the blood stream.
D)Cells of the body would neither take in glucose from the bloodstream nor release it into the blood stream.

Question 7

Why do antibiotics not harm human cells?

Question 8

Why do vaccines help human health?

A)Vaccines stimulate the immune system to recognize a virus faster if encountered.
B)Vaccines stimulate the immune system to destroy a virus more effectively if encountered.
C)Vaccines stimulate the immune system to remember a virus for an extended period of time.
D)All of the above are reasons why vaccines help human health.

Question 9

Explain what "blood doping" is.

Question 10

Cancer occurs when ________.

A)Cells stop growing
B)Cells stop dividing
C)Cells do not stop dividing
D)Cells stop going through mitosis

Question 11

Are genetically modified organisms safe for humans to consume?

A)Yes, genetically modified organisms have been found to be extremely safe for humans to consume, and research is no longer assessing this question.
B)Yes, short-term research on animals seems to indicate that genetically modified organisms are safe for humans to consume.
C)No, genetically modified organisms are not safe for humans to consume.
D)We do not currently have any data on whether genetically modified organisms are safe for humans to consume.

Question 12

Which of the following processes is necessary for your cells to access the energy contained in a cheese burger you just ate?

A)The digestive system
B)The circulatory system
C)Cellular respiration
D)All of the above are necessary

Question 13

Cancer is often the results mutations that involve ________.

A)Proto-oncogenes mutating and becoming oncogenes
B)Oncogenes mutating and becoming proto-oncogenes
C)Genes in the mitotic spindle
D)Both proto-oncogenes and oncogenes mutating

Question 14

If you wanted to test if antibacterial soap worked better than regular soap, which experiment below has the strongest experimental design?

A)Have people wash with antibacterial soap first and later with regular soap.
B)Have two groups of people wash with either antibacterial or regular soap.
C)Have two groups of people wash with either antibacterial or regular soap, without knowing which type of soap they are using.
D)Have two groups of people wash with either antibacterial or regular soap, with neither the researchers nor the groups knowing which type of soap they are using.

Question 15

Which of the following statements is not true regarding fertilizers?

A)Fertilizers provide minerals that the plants need to grow.
B)There are bacteria that act as natural fertilizers, making nitrogen available to plants.
C)Fertilizers can improve the health of plants by providing missing minerals.
D)There are no natural fertilizers, only chemical fertilizers.

Question 16

What enzyme is produced by the human body following a snack on a donut?

A)Insulin
B)Glucagon
C)Both insulin and glucagon
D)No enzyme is produced following a snack; enzymes are not triggered by food consumption.

Question 17

Observational studies are based on making observations on subjects without manipulating them.As such, it is hard for observational studies to ________.

A)draw conclusions about the cause of an observation
B)generate any results
C)test participants
D)find proper funding because they are expensive

Question 18

What is the difference between a genetically modified organism and a transgenic organism?

A)A transgenic organism is an organism that contains foreign genes, while a genetically modified organism has foreign genes that come from another species.
B)A transgenic organism contains only genes from other species, while a genetically modified organisms contains genes from its own species and genes from other species.
C)A genetically modified organism is an organism that contains any foreign genes, while a transgenic organism has foreign genes that come from another species.
D)There is no difference between the two terms, they mean the same thing.

Question 19

All food can eventually be traced back to the process of photosynthesis.

Question 20

What are anabolic steroids?

A)Hormones that are produced by the human body to increase muscle mass
B)Artificial chemicals that resemble human testosterone
C)Hormones that are only produced in the body following the ingestion of specific chemicals
D)Medications that can be taken to increase the number of red blood cells