Deck 16: Using Linear Regression: Predicting Wholl Win the Super Bowl

Question 1

How would you represent the predicted score of Y based on a known value of X?

A)y
B)y-intercept
C)Y′
D)Y = Xa

Answer 1

Y′

Question 2

Which of the following is used to illustrate the best guess as to the predicted Y variable score based on X?

A)regression equation
B)scatter plot
C)standard error of the estimate
D)regression line

Answer 2

regression line

Question 3

Which of the following symbols is associated with the y-intercept in the regression equation?

A)X
B)Y′
C)a
D)b

Answer 3

a

Question 4

The statistical technique used to make predictions of future outcomes based on present data is ______

A)analysis of variance
B)repeated measures
C)linear regression
D)correlational analysis

Question 5

Which of the following symbols is associated with the slope in the regression equation?

A)X
B)Y′
C)a
D)b

Question 6

What will the error in prediction be when the absolute value of the correlation coefficient is 1?

A)very high
B)1
C)0
D)nnknown

Question 7

In regression,the criterion variable is also known as the ______.

A)dependent variable
B)independent variable
C)predictor variable
D)correlated variable

Question 8

More accurate predictions are associated with correlations ______.

A)having higher values
B)having higher absolute values
C)having lower values
D)having lower absolute values

Question 9

When computing a predicted value,your second step is to ______.

A)multiply the slope by the independent variable
B)add the slope to the independent variable
C)add the intercept,or a,to the value of step one
D)subtract the constant

Question 10

Which of the following symbols is associated with the independent variable in the regression equation?

A)X
B)Y′
C)a
D)b

Question 11

To predict one variable from another,you must first ______.

A)compute the mean
B)compute the standard deviation
C)compute the correlation
D)compute the variance

Question 12

When adding additional predictors to a regression analysis,you should try to find predictors that are related to ______ but not ______.

A)the independent variable;the dependent variables
B)the dependent variable;the independent variables
C)the predictors;the outcome
D)all main effects;any interaction effect

Question 13

Which of the following symbols is associated with the predicted score in the regression equation?

A)X
B)Y′
C)a
D)b

Question 14

A regression line is also called the ______.

A)scatter plot line
B)line of best fit
C)line graph
D)line of the estimate

Question 15

If the absolute value of the correlation is very close to 0,the error in prediction will be ______.

A)high
B)low
C)very low
D)0

Question 16

In a scatter plot,if all data points were aligned along a 45° angle,the correlation would be ______.

A)of medium strength
B)of weak strength
C)perfect
D)0

Question 17

What can be used as the basis for prediction?

A)t test
B)correlation
C)F test
D)Cohen's d

Question 18

What is the distance between each data point and the regression line called?

A)error in prediction
B)standard error of the estimate
C)standard deviation
D)standardized error

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct formula for linear regression?

A)Y′ = aY + b
B)Y′= aX + b
C)Y′= bX + a
D)Y′= bY + a

Question 20

What do you do first when computing a predicted value?

A)Add the slope to the value of the independent variable.
B)Multiply the slope by the value of the independent variable.
C)Divide the constant by the value of the independent variable.
D)Subtract the constant from the value of the independent variable.

Question 21

If the correlation between X and Y is equal to -1.0,what do we know about the prediction of Y by X?

A)It is weak.
B)It is positive.
C)It is perfect.
D)It is direct.

Question 22

Which of the following is also known as a regression weight?

A)X
B)Y′
C)a
D)b

Question 23

What is the term for the categorical variables used in the prediction in a regression analysis?

A)nothing
B)dummy coding
C)problem coding
D)categorical coding

Question 24

If you are trying to predict Y scores from X scores,X is referred to as the ______.

A)nominal variable
B)dependent variable
C)predictor variable
D)criterion variable

Question 25

Using the regression formula with a slope = 1,000 and an intercept = 25,000,what would the predicted income be for someone who has 20 years of education?

A)$40,000
B)$42,000
C)$45,000
D)$47,000

Question 26

Using the regression formula with a slope = 0.704 and an intercept = 0.719,what would the predicted college GPA be for a student whose current high school GPA = 3.2?

A)2.69
B)2.97
C)3.00
D)3.20

Question 27

What do we call the point at which the regression line crosses the y-axis?

A)the intercept
B)the predicted point
C)the criterion point
D)the slope

Question 28

Which of the following determines the direction of the regression line?

A)intercept
B)predicted score
C)criterion score
D)slope

Question 29

If you are trying to predict Y scores from X scores,Y is referred to as the _______.

A)nominal variable
B)independent variable
C)predictor variable
D)criterion variable

Question 30

Which of the following is the formula for a regression line?

A)a² + b² = c²
B)aX + b = Y
C)bX + a = Y′
D)dX + a = Y′

Question 31

What does X₂ represent in the multiple-regression formula?

A)value of the second dependent variable
B)value of the second independent variable
C)value of the criterion variable
D)value of the predicted score

Question 32

A positive trend line is associated with what type of slope?

A)negative slope
B)direct slope
C)positive slope
D)nondirectional slope

Question 33

How is the Y′ symbol interpreted?

A)Y intercept
B)Y prime
C)Y predictor
D)Y score

Question 34

In the formula for a regression line,what does b represent?

A)known value of X
B)slope of a line
C)y-intercept
D)predictor score

Question 35

A regression equation can be visually represented on a(n)______.

A)scatter plot
B)histogram
C)ogive
D)pie chart

Question 36

Which of the following reflects average error along the line of regression?

A)error of the estimate
B)error standard deviation
C)standard error of estimate
D)precision of error score

Question 37

Using the regression formula with a slope = 2,000 and an intercept = 15,000,what would the predicted income be for someone who has 16 years of education?

A)$40,000
B)$42,000
C)$45,000
D)$47,000

Question 38

When using two predictor variables,these variables should be ______.

A)correlated
B)related
C)dependent
D)independent

Question 39

What is used to examine an outcome that is predicted from two independent variables?

A)multivariate regression
B)simple regression
C)multiple regression
D)complicated regression

Question 40

In the formula for a regression line,what does a represent?

A)known value of X
B)slope of a line
C)y-intercept
D)predictor score

Question 41

A criterion variable is also known as a(n)______.

A)independent variable
B)dependent variable
C)nominal variable
D)categorical variable

Question 42

The guidelines for determining the number of predictor variables to use to predict a criterion variable include all but which of the following?

A)the unique contribution of each predictor
B)the practical costs of adding new predictors
C)the relationship between predictors and the criterion variable
D)the length of the dialog box

Question 43

Using the regression formula with a slope = 0.704 and an intercept = 0.719,what would the predicted college GPA be for a student whose current high school GPA = 4.2?

A)3.68
B)2.97
C)3.00
D)3.20

Question 44

Using the regression formula with a slope = 0.704 and an intercept = 0.319,what would the predicted college GPA be for a student whose current high school GPA = 3.2?

A)2.33
B)2.57
C)3.61
D)3.20

Question 45

If you are trying to predict Y scores from X scores,X is referred to as the ______.

A)nominal variable
B)independent variable
C)dependent variable
D)criterion variable

Question 46

A predicted variable is also known as a(n)______.

A)outcome variable
B)independent variable
C)nominal variable
D)categorical variable

Question 47

Using the regression formula with a slope = 2,000 and an intercept = 15,000,what would the predicted income be for someone who has 25 years of education?

A)$40,000
B)$42,000
C)$45,000
D)$65,000

Question 48

In multiple regression,added variables must be related to the outcome variable but ______.

A)correlated with and unrelated to each other
B)independent of and correlated with each other
C)independent of and uncorrelated with each other
D)dependent of and uncorrelated with each other

Question 49

Using the regression formula with a slope = 0.704 and an intercept = 0.919,what would the predicted college GPA be for a student whose current high school GPA = 3.2?

A)2.69
B)2.97
C)3.00
D)3.17

Question 50

If the absolute value of your correlation is 0.1 your error in prediction will be ______.

A)high
B)low
C)very low
D)0

Question 51

Using the regression formula with a slope = 2,000 and an intercept = 15,000,what would the predicted income be for someone who has 5 years of education?

A)$25,000
B)$42,000
C)$45,000
D)$47,000

Question 52

If the absolute value of the correlation is 0.9,the error in prediction will be ______.

A)high
B)low
C)very low
D)0

Question 53

Linear regression uses correlations between variables as the basis for the prediction of the value of one variable based on the value of another.

Question 54

Using the regression formula with a slope = 0.504 and an intercept = 0.719,what would the predicted college GPA be for a student whose current high school GPA = 3.2?

A)2.69
B)2.33
C)3.00
D)3.20

Question 55

Using the regression formula with a slope = 0.704 and an intercept = 0.719,what would the predicted college GPA be for a student whose current high school GPA = 2.2?

A)2.69
B)2.97
C)3.00
D)2.27

Question 56

Using the regression formula with a slope = 2,000 and an intercept = 15,000,what would the predicted income be for someone who has 35 years of education?

A)$40,000
B)$42,000
C)$45,000
D)$85,000

Question 57

Using the regression formula with a slope = 0.904 and an intercept = 0.719,what would the predicted college GPA be for a student whose current high school GPA = 3.2?

A)2.69
B)2.33
C)3.61
D)3.20

Question 58

If you are trying to predict Y scores from X scores,Y is referred to as the ______.

A)nominal variable
B)dependent variable
C)predictor variable
D)criterion variable

Question 59

In a scatter plot,if all data points were aligned along a 44° angle,the correlation would be ______.

A)medium strength
B)low strength
C)high strength
D)0

Question 60

Lines representing the best fit for a bunch of data points can be straight or ______.

A)linear
B)invalid
C)curvilinear
D)parallel-linear

Question 61

Why do we use Y′ and not Y in the regression equation?

Question 62

How does linear regression differ from multiple regression?

Question 63

If the correlation between variable X and variable Y is perfect,what do you know about the prediction?

Question 64

What is linear regression?

Question 65

Why is the regression line called the line of best fit?

Question 66

What important guideline should you keep in mind when choosing independent variables for multiple regression?

Question 67

In linear regression,the outcome variable is called the criterion or dependent variable.

Question 68

How is the regression line related to the correlation coefficient?

Question 69

The higher the absolute value of the correlation coefficient,the less accurate the prediction is of one variable based on the other variable.

Question 70

The standard error of estimate informs you of the average error along the line of regression.

Question 71

The regression line reflects the best estimate of predicted scores for the independent variable based on levels of the dependent variable.

Question 72

A perfect correlation would translate into perfect prediction in the case of linear regression.

Question 73

In linear regression,a regression equation is determined,which can be used to plot a regression line.

Question 74

What is the standard error of estimate?

Question 75

What does the regression line represent?

Question 76

Error in prediction (error of estimate)is calculated as the distance between each individual data point and the regression line.

Question 77

What does a unique contribution mean for a variable?

Question 78

Standard error of estimate is computed as the variance of all values for error in prediction.

Question 79

Simple linear regression consists of a type of regression in which more than one independent variable is included in the analysis.