Deck 12: Teafor Two Again: Tests Between the Means of Related Groups

Question 1

In order to determine whether you will reject the null hypothesis,with what must the test statistic be compared?

A)the critical value
B)the significance level
C)the obtained value
D)the p value

Answer 1

the critical value

Question 2

How many subjects were examined based on the following: t₍₂₉₎ = 2.001,p < 0.05?

A)32
B)31
C)30
D)29

Answer 2

30

Question 3

When you run a t test for dependent means on a group of 114 individuals,your degrees of freedom will be ______.

A)113
B)112
C)114
D)115

Answer 3

113

Question 4

Which of the following is the null hypothesis for a t test for dependent means?

A)H_1: X₁ = X₂
B)H_0: X₁ > X₂
C)H_1: $\mu$ ₁= $\mu$ ₂
D)H_0: $\mu$ ₁= $\mu$ ₂

Question 5

When running a t test for dependent means on a group of 54 individuals,the degrees of freedom will be ______.

A)54
B)55
C)53
D)56

Question 6

What is the formula used to calculate degrees of freedom for a t test for dependent groups?

A)n - 1
B)n₁ + n₂ - 1
C)n₁ - 1 + n₂
D)n₁ + n₂

Question 7

If your degrees of freedom is 24,your sample size when conducting a t test for dependent means must be ______.

A)26
B)25
C)24
D)23

Question 8

If the obtained value is greater than the critical value,what decision should be made?

A)to reject the null hypothesis
B)to accept the null hypothesis
C)to set a higher p value
D)to increase the sample size

Question 9

In the following,what are the degrees of freedom: t₍₂₉₎ = 2.001,p < 0.05?

A)29
B)30
C)31
D)32

Question 10

To be 99% confident you have not committed a Type I error,at what level should the p value be set?

A)0.01
B)0.05
C)0.10
D)0.15

Question 11

The test statistic calculated by the statistical procedure selected is known as the ______.

A)critical value
B)significance level
C)obtained value
D)p value

Question 12

The t test for dependent means is used when you have ______.

A)two groups
B)one group
C)three groups
D)two or more groups

Question 13

To compute the test statistic or t value,what must first be calculated to approximate the sample size?

A)pooled variance
B)standard deviation
C)mean score
D)degrees of freedom

Question 14

What does ΣD represent in the formula that computes a t value?

A)sum of the differences between groups of scores
B)sum of the means for Group 1
C)sum of the means for Group 2
D)sum of the squared differences

Question 15

In a t test for dependent samples that examines the difference between a pretest and posttest,what type of hypothesis is used?

A)nondirectional
B)directional
C)null hypothesis
D)experimental

Question 16

Which statistical technique is used to examine one group of subjects under two different conditions?

A)regression
B)dependent-samples t test
C)analysis of variance
D)independent-samples t test

Question 17

The t test for dependent means is used when your sample is tested ______.

A)one time
B)one or more times
C)two times
D)two or more times

Question 18

If the obtained value is less than the critical value,what decision should be made?

A)to reject the null hypothesis
B)to accept the null hypothesis
C)to accept the research hypothesis
D)to decrease the p value

Question 19

When you hypothesize that posttest scores will be higher than pretest scores,you should use ______.

A)a one-tailed test
B)a two-tailed test
C)descriptive statistics
D)a t test for independent means

Question 20

In a t-test for dependent means,the research hypothesis could look like this:

A)H_1: $\mu$ ₁= $\mu$ ₂
B)H_{0: 1 >
2}
C)H_{1: 1 > 2}
D)H_0: $\mu$ ₁= $\mu$ ₂

Question 21

How many observations are there for each case in a t test for dependent samples?

A)one
B)two
C)three
D)more than three

Question 22

In the equation t₍₇₈₎ = 1.03,p < 0.01,what does t represent?

A)test statistic
B)degrees of freedom
C)obtained value
D)alpha level

Question 23

In the equation t₍₇₈₎ = 1.03,p < 0.01,what does 78 represent?

A)test statistic
B)degrees of freedom
C)obtained value
D)alpha level

Question 24

In the formula for the t test for dependent means,what does the n represent?

A)sum of the means
B)number of participants
C)number of pairs of observations
D)sum of all scores

Question 25

When running a t test for dependent means on a group of 96 individuals,the degrees of freedom will be ______.

A)94
B)95
C)96
D)90

Question 26

What test is used when you are interested in studying the same group under two conditions?

A)independent-samples t test
B)correlation coefficient
C)related-populations t test
D)dependent-samples t test

Question 27

What is the term used to examine the degree of the relationship between variables?

A)hypothesized mean difference
B)correlation
C)observations
D)variance

Question 28

Which of the following relates to the difference you expect when conducting a t test?

A)hypothesized mean difference
B)Pearson correlation
C)observations
D)variance

Question 29

In the equation t₍₇₈₎ = 1.03,p < 0.01,what does p < 0.01 represent?

A)the obtained value
B)the critical value
C)the degrees of freedom
D)the level of significance

Question 30

Dr.Moo would like to find out if there was a significant difference between male and female patients' anxiety scores.What is the appropriate test to run?

A)independent-samples t test
B)factorial ANOVA
C)dependent-samples t test
D)Pearson correlation

Question 31

In the equation t₍₇₈₎ = 1.03,p < 0.01,what does 1.03 represent?

A)test statistic
B)degrees of freedom
C)obtained value
D)alpha level

Question 32

When calculating a dependent-samples t test,the order in which you input the posttest score and pretest score can change the t value.If you input the pretest first,the obtained value will be ______.

A)positive
B)negative
C)neutral
D)invalid

Question 33

According to the equation t₍₇₈₎ = 1.03,p < 0.01,what is the size of the group?

A)77
B)78
C)79
D)80

Question 34

Which of the following represents degrees of freedom?

A)fd
B)df
C)d
D)f

Question 35

In running a t test for dependent means on a group of individuals,how many individuals are there in the group when the degree of freedom is 58?

A)57
B)58
C)59
D)60

Question 36

Dr.Moo would like to find out if there was a significant difference between her patients' anxiety scores before and after they completed a yoga program.What is the appropriate test to run?

A)independent-samples t test
B)factorial ANOVA
C)dependent-samples t test
D)Pearson correlation

Question 37

What is the numerator of the t test in the dependent-means formula?

A) $\Sigma$ D
B)n
C)M₁ - M₂
D) $\Sigma$ D² (n - 1)

Question 38

If your degrees of freedom is 98,your sample size when conducting a t test for dependent means must be ______.

A)96
B)97
C)98
D)99

Question 39

When using a t test for dependent means,what is true of the sample?

A)There are two different groups.
B)They are the same group.
C)There are more than 50.
D)They are observed once.

Question 40

What is another name for a dependent-samples t test?

A)single sample
B)double measures
C)repeated measures
D)freed sample

Question 41

The average score for each variable in a dependent-samples t test is the ______.

A)mean
B)variance
C)standard deviation
D)standard error

Question 42

You run a t test and find that your results indicate that t₍₃₂₎ = 1.13,p > 0.05.You determine that you should ______.

A)accept the null hypothesis
B)reject the null hypothesis
C)ignore the null hypothesis
D)accept the research hypothesis

Question 43

In the following,what is the number 0.01: t₍₅₈₎ = 5.015,p < 0.01?

A)test statistic
B)t value
C)degrees of freedom
D)significance level

Question 44

You run a t test and find that your results indicate that t₍₂₆₎ = 3.13,p < 0.05.Your decision is to ______.

A)fail to reject the null hypothesis
B)reject the null hypothesis
C)ignore the null hypothesis
D)fail to ignore the null hypothesis

Question 45

In hypothesis testing,the test statistic must be compared against the ______.

A)critical value
B)significance level
C)obtained value
D)p value

Question 46

In the following,what are the degrees of freedom: t₍₅₈₎ = 5.015,p < 0.01?

A)56
B)57
C)58
D)59

Question 47

In the following,what is the meaning of t: t₍₅₈₎ = 5.015,p < 0.01?

A)test statistic
B)t value
C)degrees of freedom
D)significance level

Question 48

If the group has 30 individuals,what are the degrees of freedom for a dependent-samples t test?

A)30 - 1
B)29 - 1
C)28 - 1
D)27 -1

Question 49

You run a t test and find that your results indicate that t₍₃₈₎ = 1.13,p > 0.05.You determine that you should ______.

A)fail to reject the null hypothesis
B)reject the null hypothesis
C)ignore the null hypothesis
D)accept the research hypothesis

Question 50

What is the formula for calculating degrees of freedom for a dependent-samples t test?

A)k - 1
B)n - 1
C)n(1)
D)k + 1

Question 51

To determine whether to reject a null hypothesis,compare the ______ value and the ______ value.

A)estimated;reliable
B)obtained;estimated
C)valid;invalid
D)obtained;critical

Question 52

You run a t-test and find that your results indicate that t₍₃₈₎ = 4.15,p < 0.05.You determine that you should ______.

A)accept the null hypothesis
B)reject the null hypothesis
C)reject the research hypothesis
D)ignore the null hypothesis

Question 53

What is the term to describe what you indicated to be the difference you expect back in a dependent-samples t test?

A)mean difference
B)hypothesized mean difference
C)variance difference
D)degrees of freedom

Question 54

If the critical value is greater than the obtained value,what should you do?

A)Reject the null hypothesis.
B)Accept the null hypothesis.
C)Accept the research hypothesis.
D)Decrease your p value.

Question 55

In running a dependent-sample t test,how many subjects were there in the group based on the following: t₍₅₈₎ = 5.015,p < 0.01?

A)56
B)57
C)58
D)59

Question 56

To determine whether to accept a null hypothesis,compare the ______ value and the ______ value.

A)estimated;reliable
B)obtained;estimated
C)valid;invalid
D)obtained;critical

Question 57

If the critical value is less than the obtained value,what should you do?

A)Reject the null hypothesis.
B)Accept the null hypothesis.
C)Set a higher p value.
D)Increase the sample size.

Question 58

Dr.Moo would like to find out if participants who ate glazed donuts became happier after they ate jelly-filled donuts.To determine this,what test should Dr.Moo use?

A)factorial ANOVA
B)independent-samples t test
C)dependent-samples t test
D)repeated-measures ANOVA

Question 59

The statistical procedure is used to generate the test statistic.What is test statistic known as?

A)critical value
B)significance level
C)obtained value
D)p value

Question 60

In the following,what is the number 5.5015: t₍₅₈₎ = 5.015,p < 0.01?

A)test statistic
B)t value
C)degrees of freedom
D)significance level

Question 61

The t test for dependent means is also known as the t test for correlated samples.

Question 62

What is the difference between a t test for independent samples and a t test for dependent samples?

Question 63

If you want to examine the same group of individuals in two different times,which statistical technique should you select?

A)regression
B)dependent-samples t test
C)analysis of variance
D)independent-samples t test

Question 64

Under what circumstances would you use a t test for dependent samples?

Question 65

When considering a t test for dependent samples,what is a D score?

Question 66

In hypothesis testing,the test statistic must be compared against the critical value.

Question 67

In the equation t₍₇₈₎ = 1.03,p < 0.01,the number of 78 refers to degrees of freedom.

Question 68

In the equation t₍₇₈₎ = 1.03,p < 0.01,the number of 0.01 refers to t value.

Question 69

The t test for dependent means is used in order to determine whether there is a significant difference in the scores of a group of respondents who are tested at two points in time.

Question 70

Provide an example of a study that would be analyzed using a t test for dependent samples.

Question 71

When doing a t test for dependent samples,when would you accept the null hypothesis?

Question 72

If the obtained value in a dependent-samples t test exceeds the critical value,the null hypothesis must be accepted.

Question 73

When considering a t test for dependent samples,what is a D² score?

Question 74

The t test for dependent means is also known as the t test for doubled samples.

Question 75

Early education researchers can match two classrooms from different school districts and analyze their hypothesis with a dependent-samples t test,even if they are not careful about the characteristics of each classroom.

Question 76

In hypothesis testing,the test statistic must be compared against the obtained value.

Question 77

Dr.Moo would like to find out if participants who love cats receive more speeding tickets than participants who love dogs.Identify the type of test she would need to use to determine this,and explain your answer.

Question 78

Interpret,in words,what it means for a research question that a null hypothesis was rejected.

Question 79

Interpret,in words,what it means for a research question that a null hypothesis was accepted.

Question 80

When a researcher matches participants from different counseling graduate programs on variables such as age,gender,and a measure of multicultural understanding,the researcher can use a dependent-samples t test in the study.