Deck 4: Tissues

Question 1

The most correct classification of an epithelial tissue consisting of many layers of cells,in which the outer layers are flat and thin,and the basal layers are cuboidal or columnar is

A)simple columnar epithelium.
B)pseudostratified epithelium.
C)stratified squamous epithelium.
D)transitional epithelium.
E)simple squamous epithelium.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Basement membranes

A)function as a filter and barrier to cell or pathogen movement
B)attach epithelial cells to the underlying tissue
C)are secreted partially by epithelial cells and partially by the cells of the underlying tissue.
D)function as a filter and barrier to cell or pathogen movement,attach epithelial cells to the underlying tissue and are secreted partially by epithelial cells and partially by the cells of the underlying tissue are true of basement membranes.
E)None of these is correct.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Endocrine glands

A)have ducts.
B)secrete hormones.
C)secrete substances onto a surface or into an organ.
D)do both secrete hormones and secrete substances onto a surface or into an organ.
E)have all of these characteristics.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Epithelium that consists of a single layer of cells,in which some cells are tall and thin and reach the free surface and others do not,is classified as

A)simple columnar epithelium.
B)pseudostratified columnar epithelium.
C)stratified squamous epithelium.
D)transitional epithelium.
E)simple squamous epithelium.

Question 5

Which of these epithelial types is correctly matched with its major function?

A)simple squamous epithelium - diffusion or filtration
B)stratified squamous epithelium - protection from abrasion
C)Simple cuboidal epithelium - active transport,facilitated diffusion,or secretion
D)Simple columnar epithelium - secretion or absorption
E)All these are correctly paired.

Question 6

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

A)Transitional epithelium has cells that change shape when the tissue is stretched.
B)Transitional epithelium is found in the lining of the urinary bladder,the ureters and the superior urethra.
C)Transitional epithelium is psuedostratified.
D)As transitional epithelium is stretched,the number of cell layers decreases.
E)Transitional epithelium is found in cavities that can expand greatly in volume.

Question 7

Epithelial cells

A)cover body surfaces or form glands.
B)usually have a free surface that is not in contact with other cells.
C)have a basement membrane that attaches to underlying tissues.
D)can be somewhat far away from a blood vessel.
E)have all of these properties.

Question 8

Which of the following characteristics of tissues and cells would aid in diffusion or the movement of materials into and out of the body through the epithelium?

A)multiple layers of relatively flat,thin cells
B)a single layer of relatively flat,thin cells
C)multiple layers of cuboidal cells
D)a single layer of cuboidal cells
E)multiple layers of columnar cells

Question 9

Cells of the epidermis are linked together via __________ which rivet the plasma membranes of the two cells together with a network of fine proteins and intercellular cement.

A)desmosomes
B)tight junctions
C)gap junctions
D)voltage gated ion channels

Question 10

Stratified epithelial tissues

A)have a single layer of cells and a basement membrane.
B)have multiple layers of cells that hinder movement of materials into the body.
C)aid in the movement of materials into the body.
D)are found in areas of the body where abrasions can occur.
E)have multiple layers of cells that hinder movement of materials into the body and are found in areas of the body where abrasions can occur are correct.

Question 11

Pick out the FALSE statement about epithelial tissue.

A)Epithelial tissue is vascular.
B)Epithelial tissue provides physical protection for organs.
C)Epithelial tissue functions in absorption & secretion.
D)Epithelial tissue controls the permeability into and out of an area/organ.
E)Epithelial tissue consists almost entirely of cells with very little extracellular material between them thereby forming a barrier against entry into the body.

Question 12

Cell connections that bind adjacent cells together and form permeability barriers are called

A)tight junctions.
B)gap junctions.
C)desmosomes.
D)plasma junctions.
E)tonosomes.

Question 13

In which of the following types of epithelial tissues would the movement of materials into or out of the body be fastest?

A)simple squamous epithelial tissue
B)stratified squamous epithelial tissue
C)simple columnar epithelial tissue
D)stratified columnar epithelial tissue
E)transitional epithelial tissue

Question 14

Epithelial cells that appear cube like when an organ is relaxed and flattened when the organ is distended by fluid are classified as

A)simple columnar epithelium.
B)pseudostratified epithelium.
C)stratified squamous epithelium.
D)transitional epithelium.
E)simple squamous epithelium.

Question 15

Hemidesmosomes

A)anchor cells to the basement membrane.
B)are found in epithelia that is subjected to a high degree of stress.
C)are a modified form of a desmosomes.
D)All of these are correct.
E)None of these is correct.

Question 16

The blood-brain barrier is a specialized epithelium that prevents many materials from passing from the blood into the brain.The type of cell connections most likely present between the cells forming this barrier are

A)desmosomes.
B)gap junctions.
C)tight junctions.
D)plasma junctions.
E)Either desmosomes or gap junctions will produce the same results.

Question 17

Understanding tissue structure and function is important because:

A)There is a relationship between the structure of each tissue type (how it is organized)and its function (what it does).
B)There is a relationship between tissue structure and organ function.
C)Many diseases and pathologies are tissue and cell type specific.
D)Changes at the tissue level affect the function of organs.
E)All of these are correct.

Question 18

Which of these is NOT one of the four basic tissue types?

A)glandular
B)connective
C)muscle
D)epithelium
E)nervous

Question 19

A gland with branching ducts that expand into saclike structures is a

A)simple tubular endocrine gland.
B)simple acinar exocrine gland.
C)compound tubular exocrine gland.
D)compound acinar exocrine gland.
E)compound tubular endocrine gland.

Question 20

Which of the types of epithelial free surfaces is correctly matched with its function?

A)smooth - decreases friction
B)with microvilli - cell moves from place to place
C)ciliated - increased surface area
D)with goblet cells - absorption
E)All of these are correctly paired.

Question 21

The major symptoms of inflammation include

A)redness and swelling.
B)heat.
C)pain.
D)disturbance of function.
E)All of these are symptoms of inflammation.

Question 22

Which of these comparisons between smooth muscle and skeletal muscle is NOT correct?

A)Smooth muscle cells are tapered at each end; skeletal muscle cells are long and cylindrical.
B)Smooth muscle cells are under voluntary control; skeletal muscle is involuntary.
C)Smooth muscle forms the walls of hollow organs except the heart; skeletal muscle attaches to the skeleton.
D)Smooth muscle cells have a single nucleus; skeletal muscle cells have many.
E)Smooth muscle cells have no striations; skeletal muscle cells have striations.

Question 23

Which of the following would NOT lead to an increase in the strength and compression resistance of a connective tissue?

A)Increase the number of collagen fibers in the matrix.
B)Decrease the number of collagen fibers in the matrix.
C)Increase the concentration of proteoglycans in the ground substance.
D)Align the fibers in the matrix in direction of most stress or force.
E)All of these would increase the strength and compression resistance of a connective tissue.

Question 24

In connective tissue,cells whose names contain the suffix - cyte:

A)produce matrix
B)maintain the matrix
C)break down the matrix for remodeling
D)ingest foreign substances through phagocytosis
E)are non-motile cells that release histamines and other chemicals to promote inflammation.

Question 25

Which of these connective tissue cells is NOT correctly matched with its function?

A)blast cells - make holes in extracellular matrix
B)clast cells - break down the extracellular matrix
C)cyte cells - maintain the extracellular matrix
D)mast cells - release chemicals promoting inflammation
E)macrophages - move about and ingest foreign substances

Question 26

Which of these does NOT occur because of increased permeability of blood vessels during the inflammatory process?

A)Neutrophils move into the injured tissue.
B)Edema,or swelling,of the tissues occurs.
C)Fibrin diffuses into tissues and forms a fibrous network in the extracellular space.
D)Pus leaks out of blood vessels.
E)Increased fluid in the tissues causes increased tissue pressure,which causes pain.

Question 27

In connective tissue,cells whose names contain the suffix - clast:

A)produce matrix
B)maintain the matrix
C)break down the matrix for remodeling
D)ingest foreign substances through phagocytosis
E)are non-motile cells that release histamines and other chemicals to promote inflammation.

Question 28

Which of these connective tissue types is NOT correctly matched with its description?

A)adipose tissue - very little extracellular matrix; cells filled with lipids
B)bone - hard connective tissue with mineralized matrix
C)dense collagenous connective tissue - widely separated collagen fibers running in random directions
D)fibrocartilage - more collagen and less ground substance than hyaline cartilage
E)blood - liquid matrix

Question 29

Synovial membranes:

A)produce synovial fluid
B)line the inside of joint cavities
C)make the joint very slippery
D)reduces friction allowing for smooth movement within the joint
E)all of the above are true of synovial membranes

Question 30

Following an injury,chemicals are released or activated in the injured tissues.These chemicals,called mediators of inflammation,include

A)histamine.
B)neutrophils.
C)prostaglandins.
D)pus.
E)Both histamine and prostaglandins are mediators of inflammation.

Question 31

Which of these is NOT a characteristic of cardiac muscle?

A)striated
B)branching fibers
C)intercalated disks present
D)under involuntary (unconscious)control
E)many nuclei per cell

Question 32

Which of these characteristics of membranes is correct?

A)Mucous membranes line internal body cavities.
B)Serous membranes produce fluid that is secreted into the blood.
C)Most multi-cellular membranes consist of two layers of tissue (epithelial and connective).
D)Serous membranes are found lining the digestive and excretory systems.
E)Serous membranes are found lining the retroperitoneal organs.

Question 33

Connective tissue

A)joins together cells and tissues and transports substances.
B)provides a supporting framework for the body.
C)is characterized by large amounts of extracellular matrix.
D)does both joins together cells and tissues and transports substances and provides a supporting framework for the body.
E)has all of these characteristics.

Question 34

Your significant other is an amazing chef.When you come home from lecture,the smell of whatever s/he is cooking makes you salivate as soon as you step in the door.Your saliva is being secreted from what type of gland?

A)exocrine
B)endocrine
C)unicellular (goblet cells)
D)paracrine
E)exocrine and endocrine are correct

Question 35

In connective tissue,cells whose names contain the suffix - blast:

A)produce matrix
B)maintain the matrix
C)break down the matrix for remodeling
D)ingest foreign substances through phagocytosis
E)are non-motile cells that release histamines and other chemicals to promote inflammation.

Question 36

The presence of mediators of inflammation results in

A)vasodilation of blood vessels.
B)increased permeability of blood vessels.
C)pain.
D)symptoms of redness and heat.
E)All of these are directly or indirectly the result of mediators of inflammation.

Question 37

Which of the following fiber types is not correctly paired with its function?

A)collagen - flexible,resists stretching
B)reticular - forms a supporting network between cells
C)elastic - allows for consistent stretch and recoil
D)collagen - gives tissue its strength
E)All of these are correct.

Question 38

Major components of the extracellular matrix of connective tissue include

A)protein fibers,carbohydrates,and lipids.
B)phospholipids,glycoproteins,and proteins.
C)protein fibers,ground substance,and fluid.
D)ground substance,glycoproteins,and phospholipids.
E)ground substance,carbohydrates,and fluid.

Question 39

When you get sunburn after a day at the beach,which of the following membranes have you damaged?

A)serous
B)cutaneous
C)peritoneal
D)synovial
E)pleural

Question 40

Which of the following statements about cartilage is FALSE?

A)Cartilage does not have blood vessels and therefore heals slowly after injury.
B)Proteoglycans within the matrix trap water making the cartilage relatively rigid and resistant to compression.
C)Collagen fibers within the matrix give cartilage its flexibility and strength.
D)Cells within cartilage are located in lacunae.
E)The matrix of cartilage is mineralized and calcified giving it a ring-like pattern.

Question 41

____________ forms the disks between vertebrae.

A)Dense collagenous connective tissue
B)Hyaline cartilage
C)Fibrocartilage
D)Elastic cartilage
E)Loose or areolar connective tissue

Question 42

You would normally expect to find ____________________ lining the small intestine.

A)simple squamous epithelium
B)simple cuboidal epithelium
C)stratified squamous epithelium
D)transitional epithelium
E)simple columnar epithelium

Question 43

In regeneration

A)a new type of tissue develops causing the loss of some function.
B)new cells of a different tissue develop and normal function is restored.
C)new cells of the same type are created and normal function is usually restored.
D)the damaged cells repair themselves perfectly,restoring function.
E)viable cells are replaced by dead cells.

Question 44

Heavy smoking destroys pseudostratified ciliated epithelium in the trachea ("windpipe").Which of these conditions might occur in the trachea if replacement epithelial cells were not ciliated?

A)accumulation of mucus in the trachea
B)accumulation of foreign particles in the trachea
C)increased coughing
D)Both accumulation of foreign particles in the trachea and increased coughing would be expected.
E)All of these would be expected.

Question 45

_____________ are striated muscle cells.

A)Skeletal muscle cells
B)Cardiac muscle cells
C)Smooth muscle cells
D)Both skeletal and cardiac muscle cells
E)Both cardiac and smooth muscle cells

Question 46

Two types of phagocytic cells involved in tissue repair are

A)fibroblasts and chondrocytes.
B)epithelial cells and fibroblasts.
C)neutrophils and macrophages.
D)clots and scabs.
E)dead cells and live cells.

Question 47

During tissue repair,the clot is first replaced by _____,a delicate connective tissue that consists of fibroblasts,collagen,and capillaries.

A)granulation tissue
B)phagocytic tissue
C)dense connective tissue
D)fibrin tissue
E)pus

Question 48

The connective tissue that makes up the external ear is

A)dense collagenous connective tissue.
B)hyaline cartilage.
C)fibrocartilage.
D)elastic cartilage.
E)loose or areolar connective tissue.

Question 49

The tracheal rings are composed of

A)dense collagenous connective tissue.
B)hyaline cartilage.
C)fibrocartilage.
D)elastic cartilage.
E)loose or areolar connective tissue.

Question 50

You would normally expect to find ____________________ in the kidney tubules.

A)simple squamous epithelium
B)simple cuboidal epithelium
C)stratified squamous epithelium
D)transitional epithelium
E)simple columnar epithelium

Question 51

_________ are small channels that allow materials to pass from one epithelial cell to another.

A)Tight junctions
B)Gap junctions
C)Desmosomes
D)Hemidesmosomes

Question 52

You would normally expect to find ____________________ in the outer layer of skin.

A)simple squamous epithelium
B)simple cuboidal epithelium
C)stratified squamous epithelium
D)transitional epithelium
E)simple columnar epithelium

Question 53

The connective tissue that composes tendons and ligaments is

A)dense collagenous connective tissue.
B)hyaline cartilage.
C)fibrocartilage.
D)elastic cartilage.
E)loose or areolar connective tissue.

Question 54

You would normally expect to find ____________________ in the urinary bladder.

A)simple squamous epithelium
B)simple cuboidal epithelium
C)stratified squamous epithelium
D)transitional epithelium
E)simple columnar epithelium

Question 55

You would normally expect to find ____________________ in the alveoli of lungs.

A)simple squamous epithelium
B)simple cuboidal epithelium
C)stratified squamous epithelium
D)transitional epithelium
E)simple columnar epithelium

Question 56

You would normally expect to find ____________________ lining blood vessels.

A)simple squamous epithelium
B)simple cuboidal epithelium
C)stratified squamous epithelium
D)transitional epithelium
E)simple columnar epithelium

Question 57

____________ covers ends of bones at joints.

A)Dense collagenous connective tissue
B)Hyaline cartilage
C)Fibrocartilage
D)Elastic cartilage
E)Loose or areolar connective tissue

Question 58

The connective tissue that covers muscles,glands,and nerves is

A)dense collagenous connective tissue.
B)hyaline cartilage.
C)fibrocartilage.
D)elastic cartilage.
E)loose or areolar connective tissue.

Question 59

When new,viable cells replace dead cells,the process is called

A)remuneration.
B)replacement.
C)regeneration.
D)reunification.
E)Either replacement or regeneration is equally correct.

Question 60

Which of these statements concerning the ability of certain cells to divide and produce new cells is correct?

A)Permanent cells cannot undergo mitosis and divide.
B)Labile cells do not actively replicate,but retain the ability to divide after an injury.
C)Stable cells continue to divide throughout life.
D)Neurons and skeletal muscle cells are considered to be stable cells.
E)Permanent cells are routinely replaced by regeneration.

Question 61

Which one of the following is NOT a function of epithelial tissue?

A)protects underlying structures
B)secretion and absorption of substances
C)cushions and insulates
D)acts as a barrier
E)permits passage of substances

Question 62

______________ are joined to each other by structures called intercalated disks.

A)Skeletal muscle cells
B)Cardiac muscle cells
C)Smooth muscle cells
D)Both skeletal and cardiac muscle cells
E)Both cardiac and smooth muscle cells

Question 63

______________ usually contain only a single nucleus.

A)Skeletal muscle cells
B)Cardiac muscle cells
C)Smooth muscle cells
D)Both skeletal and cardiac muscle cells
E)cardiac and smooth muscle cells

Question 64

The type of muscle shown in the diagram is

A)cardiac
B)smooth
C)skeletal

Question 65

The connective tissue shown in the diagram is found

A)on the ends of long bones.
B)in ligaments and tendons.
C)between vertebrae.
D)in the epiglottis.
E)in the skin.

Question 66

______________ are located in the walls of the stomach and small intestine.

A)Skeletal muscle cells
B)Cardiac muscle cells
C)Smooth muscle cells
D)Both skeletal and cardiac muscle cells
E)Both cardiac and smooth muscle cells

Question 67

Age related changes include all of the following EXCEPT:

A)Cell division is slower.
B)Red blood cell synthesis decreases.
C)Injury healing time is slower.
D)Collagen fibers decrease and become more flexible.
E)All of these are age related changes.

Question 68

_____________ cells are unicellular glands that produce mucus.

A)Goblet
B)Blast
C)Germ
D)Mast
E)Adipose

Question 69

The connective tissue shown in the diagram is

A)fibrocartilage.
B)elastic cartilage.
C)hyaline cartilage.
D)compact bone.
E)loose connective tissue.

Question 70

The supportive cells of the nervous system are called

A)dendrites.
B)cell body.
C)axon.
D)neuroglia.
E)neuron.