Deck 8: Background To The Middle East

Question 1

Ismalis believe that there were twelve Imams who followed Mohammed.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Which of the following religions were not founded in the Middle East?

A)Christianity
B)Judaism
C)Hinduism
D)Islam

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Mohammed was born in Mecca.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Sunnis compromise an estimated 85-90 percent of all Muslims today.

Question 5

Gulf states include only those Arab kingdoms bordering the Dead Sea.

Question 6

The Zionist movement took place at the same time the Ottoman Empire was forming.

Question 7

Who are the four major prophets of Islam?

A)Abraham,Moses,Jesus,and Mohammed
B)Moses,Jesus,Mohammed,and Ali
C)Mohammed,Abu Bakr,Umar,and Uthman
D)Mohammed,Ali,Hasan,and Hussein

Question 8

According to the text,in what year was Mohammed born?

A)100 BCE
B)560 AD
C)580 AD
D)570 AD

Question 9

Leaders of the Irgun studied and incorporated the tactics of Marighella.

Question 10

Although theological divisions with Sunnis would eventually arise and the Shi'ites themselves would split into competing sects,the first division in Islam was political.

Question 11

Mainstream Muslims following the caliph were conventionally called Sunnis,while the followers of Ali became known as Shi'ites.

Question 12

is the site of a battle between the Muslims of Medina and the merchants of Mecca in 624.

A)Jordan
B)Iraq
C)Badr
D)Qutb

Question 13

In 1969,Colonel Muammar Gadhafi seized power in a military coup,claiming Libya as an anti-Western socialist state.

Question 14

The only persons to practice terrorism in the name of their religion are Muslim fanatics.

Question 15

Some Islamic countries refer to their legislative body as a majlis.

Question 16

Muslims believe that Jews,Christians,and Zoroastrians worship the same deity.

Question 17

According to Bernard Lewis,the Middle East is not a geographical region.

Question 18

According to Islam,Mohammed was born in which city?

A)Mecca
B)Medina
C)Badr
D)Jerusalem

Question 19

The followers of Ali are known as Sunnis.

Question 20

Zaidi Shi'ites compose the majority of Shi'ite Muslims.

Question 21

The political situation at the end of set the stage for developments over the next century,and it is the basis for terrorism in the traditional Middle East.

A)The Yom Kippur War
B)The Four Days' War
C)World War II
D)World War I

Question 22

Muslims believe Mohammed created the perfect Islamic community at _______________.

A)Medina
B)Mecca
C)Badr
D)Jerusalem

Question 23

immigration into Palestine played into the political issues of WWI.

A)American
B)French
C)British
D)Jewish

Question 24

At the end of _________________,the entire Middle East was controlled by the British,French,and Russians.

A)World War II
B)World War I
C)The Six-Day War
D)The Hundred Years' War

Question 25

The three most important cities in Sunni Islam are: .

A)Badr,Mecca,and Medina
B)Mecca,Medina,and Jerusalem (al Quds)
C)Medina,Jerusalem (al Quds),and Cairo
D)Mecca,Medina,and Karbala

Question 26

The Zionist movement took place at the same time the was breaking up.

A)Middle East
B)Ottoman Empire
C)Arab Empire
D)Roman Empire

Question 27

The initial split of the Islamic faith into the Sunnis and Shi'ites was based on the issue of .

A)militarization
B)money
C)leadership
D)geography

Question 28

Sunnis comprise an estimated percent of all Muslims today.

A)40-45
B)10-15
C)85-90
D)70-75

Question 29

The Declaration,signed by the United Kingdom in November 1917,promised a homeland for Jews in the geographical area of biblical Israel.

A)Sykes-Picot
B)Balfour
C)Mawdudi
D)Palestine

Question 30

The Balfour Declaration of November 1917 promised to create the state of .

A)Palestine
B)Persia
C)Israel
D)Iran

Question 31

In 1922,Great Britain received permission from to create the Mandate of Palestine.

A)The League of Nations
B)The United Nations
C)The European Council
D)The Shah of Iran

Question 32

In ,the United Nations recognized the partition of Palestine and the modern nation-state of Israel.

A)1948
B)1988
C)1990
D)1848

Question 33

What is the name of the Caliphate of the second Muslim dynasty?

A)Abbasids
B)Wahhab
C)Ali
D)Mawdudi

Question 34

Martyrdom and voluntary sacrifice became the trademark of the ,and this deeply influenced Shi'ite tradition.

A)Partisans of Ali
B)Partisans of Hussein
C)Twelve Imams
D)Six Imams

Question 35

The gave Britain control of Palestine and placed the British in the center of Middle Eastern affairs.

A)Mandate of the Middle East
B)Treaty of the Middle East
C)Mandate of Palestine
D)Treaty of Palestine

Question 36

The Crusades lasted from 1095 to about .

A)1500
B)1492
C)1600
D)1250

Question 37

The Zionist movement was ultimately successful in their desire to create a Jewish state (Israel)in what year?

A)1968
B)1948
C)1978
D)1958

Question 38

The Quran is a codified version of the communication Mohammed received from the angel .

A)Gabriel (Jabril)
B)Raphael (Israfil)
C)Michael (Mikail)
D)Azrael (Malak al-maut)

Question 39

Following the split of the Islamic faith,the family of assumed control of the Islamic movement and ruled the first Arab empire.

A)Bakr
B)Talib
C)Umar
D)Uthman

Question 40

The was a Turkish-based government that lasted for six hundred years until 1924.

A)Persian Empire
B)Arab Empire
C)British Empire
D)Ottoman Empire

Question 41

When forced to flee for his life,Ayatollah Khomeini received asylum in .

A)Berlin
B)Paris
C)Tehran
D)Cyprus

Question 42

The__________ refers to a peace treaty between Egypt and Israel brokered by the United States in 1979.

A)United Nations Peace Accord
B)Amnesty Accord
C)Camp David Peace Accord
D)International Peace Accord

Question 43

Which of the following wars was fought between Israel and its Arab neighbors in October 1973?

A)The Six-Day War
B)The Yom Kippur War
C)The Islamic War
D)The Persian War

Question 44

When Israelis practice terrorism,they often refer to it as:

A)proactive attacks
B)self-defense
C)military actions
D)terrorist defensive strategy

Question 45

imperialism came to Iran in the 1800s.

A)American
B)Israeli
C)British
D)French

Question 46

What world leader was assassinated by Muslim fundamentalists in 1981 for agreeing to peace?

A)Anwar Sadat
B)Menachim Begin
C)Gamal Nasser
D)Muammar Gadhafi

Question 47

Iranians are .

A)Jewish
B)Arabs
C)Turkish
D)Persian

Question 48

After the Six-Day War in 1967,the began a series of terrorist attacks against Israeli civilian positions.

A)PLO
B)FLN
C)IRA
D)PKK

Question 49

U.S.President was in attendance when Egypt and Israel signed the Camp David Peace Accord.

A)Jimmy Carter
B)George W.Bush
C)Bill Clinton
D)Ronald Reagan

Question 50

The British established the Anglo-Persian Oil Company in 1909 and started taking oil profits out of .

A)Saudi Arabia
B)Iraq
C)Persia (Iran)
D)Turkey

Question 51

used a mixture of repressive tactics and political strategies to consolidate his power in Iran,and he is best understood within the Shi'ite tradition of Islam.

A)Saddam Hussein
B)Ayatollah Khomeini
C)Mohammed Reza Pahlavi
D)Gamal Nasser

Question 52

Israel officially functions as a(n)_______________.

A)constitutional republic
B)theocracy
C)oligarchy
D)parliamentary democracy

Question 53

In 1978,Israel launched a minor invasion of ,followed by a full-scale attack in 1982.

A)Iran
B)Lebanon
C)Iraq
D)Syria

Question 54

Khomeini used a mixture of repressive tactics and political strategies to consolidate his power in Iran,and he is best understood within the tradition of Islam.

A)Sunni
B)Shi'ite
C)Zaidi
D)Ismalis

Question 55

Syria was under rule from 1922 to 1946.

A)British
B)French
C)American
D)German

Question 56

Both the Zionists and the Arabs in the Palestine region harbored anti-imperial sentiment against which nation which controlled the area?

A)Britain
B)America
C)France
D)Russia

Question 57

At the turn of the 19th Century,European Jews,separated from their ancient homeland for nearly 2,000 years,led a political movement called in the hopes of creating their own nation.

A)Catharism
B)Mandaeism
C)Zionism
D)Zoroastrianism

Question 58

Geographically,ancient Persia occupied the area known as .

A)Iran
B)Syria
C)Egypt
D)Turkey

Question 59

became a constitutional monarchy ruled by King Hussein from 1952 to 1999.

A)Jordan
B)Iraq
C)Iran
D)Syria

Question 60

After ,the British began to view Persia (Iran)as the northern gate to India.

A)1800
B)1900
C)1850
D)1950

Question 61

Mohammed had a vision of the angel ,who told him that God had chosen Mohammed to be a prophet to the Arabs.

Question 62

The things Mohammed had said and done were recorded and his actions became the basis for interpreting the
.

Question 63

Although the Middle East has been volatile since -the year in which Israel was recognized as a nation- state-modern terrorism grew after 1967.

Question 64

The Mandate of Palestine gave control of Palestine.

Question 65

The movement took place at the same time the Ottoman Empire was breaking up.

Question 66

The Declaration of November 1917 promised to create the state of Israel.

Question 67

In an effort to secure the land route to ________________,the British established several states from the Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf in the 19th and early 20th centuries.

Question 68

Ottoman Turks conquered in 1453,renaming it Istanbul.

Question 69

What was the official title of the community leader chosen by the Sunnis?

A)Imam
B)Caliph
C)Sufi
D)Allah

Question 70

The two main branches of Islam are the and the .

Question 71

The were the first Arab and Muslim dynasty,ruling Damascus from 661 to 750.

Question 72

A 1929 riot in Palestine pitted the Islamic mufti of Jerusalem against worshippers.

Question 73

The United Nations post-World War II solution to the Arab-Israeli conflict was for one part of Palestine to be given to the Arabs and another part to be given to the .

Question 74

Of the four Rightly Guided Caliphs,Shi'ites only recognize .

A)Abu Bakr
B)Umar
C)Uthman
D)Ali

Question 75

The Zionists purchased land in to create their new homeland.

Question 76

Bernard Lewis implies that the Middle East is not a(n)__________________,but rather a concept.

Question 77

Sporadic violence against Palestinian Jews began in 1921,and the Jews formed a defense force known as the
.

Question 78

Bernard Lewis points to the as the origin of modern confrontations between the West and Islam.

Question 79

The angelic utterances referred to above came from the angel .

A)Gabriel (Jabril)
B)Raphael (Israfil)
C)Michael (Mikail)
D)Azrael (Malak al-Maut)

Question 80

Sunni Muslims believe is the fourth and last Rightly Guided Caliph.