Deck 2: Medical Gas Therapy Equipment

Question 1

A HAFOE (high air flow with oxygen enrichment) mask is operating at 50%, and the oxygen flowmeter is set at 15 L/min. What is the total flow to the patient?

A) 16 L/min
B) 31 L/min
C) 41 L/min
D) 51 L/min

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following are high-flow delivery devices?
I. disposable non-rebreathing mask
II. high air flow with oxygen enrichment (HAFOE) mask
III. anesthesia bag-mask systems
IV. partial rebreathing mask

A) I and II
B) I and III
C) II and III
D) III and IV

Answer 2

II and III

Question 3

Low-flow oxygen delivery devices:
I. vary in the concentration that they deliver
II. deliver concentrations that are influenced by the patient's respiratory rate
III. deliver concentrations that are influenced by the patient's respiratory pattern
IV. deliver concentrations that are influenced by the patient's tidal volume

A) I
B) I and II
C) I, II, and III
D) I, II, III, and IV

Answer 3

I, II, III, and IV

Question 4

A HAFOE (high air flow with oxygen enrichment) mask is set at 24%, and the oxygen flowmeter is running at 3 L/min. What is the total flow to the patient?

A) 74 L/min
B) 84 L/min
C) 94 L/min
D) 104 L/min

Question 5

A high-flow oxygen delivery device:

A) is operated at flows greater than 10 L/min
B) provides part of a patient's inspiratory needs
C) operates from 100% oxygen only
D) provides all of a patient's inspiratory needs

Question 6

A high-flow oxygen delivery device is set at 35%, and the oxygen flowmeter is set at 5 L/min. What is the total flow to the patient?

A) 15 L/min
B) 20 L/min
C) 30 L/min
D) 35 L/min

Question 7

A HAFOE (high air flow with oxygen enrichment) mask is set at 50%. What is the air-to-oxygen entrainment ratio?

A) 1:1
B) 1.7:1
C) 3:1
D) 4:1

Question 8

HAFOE (high air flow with oxygen enrichment) masks operate using:

A) the venturi principle
B) Bernoulli's principle
C) viscous shearing and vorticity
D) none of the above

Question 9

At 40%, a HAFOE (high air flow with oxygen enrichment) mask is operating with an air-to-oxygen entrainment ratio of:

A) 1:1
B) 2:1
C) 3:1
D) 4:1

Question 10

Oxygen therapy is indicated in the acute care setting for adults with:
I. PaO₂ < 60 mmHg
II. SpO₂ < 90%
III. suspected hypoxemia
IV. acute myocardia infarction

A) I
B) I and II
C) I, II, and III
D) I, II, III, and IV

Question 11

A HAFOE (high air flow with oxygen enrichment) is set at 35%. What is the air-to-oxygen entrainment ratio?

A) 2:1
B) 3:1
C) 4:1
D) 5:1

Question 12

Oxygen therapy is indicated in the sub-acute or home setting for adults with:
I. PaO₂ < 55 mmHg
II. SpO₂ < 88%
III. hypoxemia in association with cor pulmonale
IV. pulmonary hypertension

A) I
B) I and II
C) I, II, and III
D) I, II, III, and IV

Question 13

Most high-flow oxygen systems work using:

A) the venturi principle
B) Bernoulli's principle
C) viscous shearing and vorticity
D) none of the above

Question 14

A HAFOE (high air flow with oxygen enrichment) is set at 24%. What is the air-to-oxygen entrainment ratio?

A) 5:1
B) 8:1
C) 10:1
D) 25:1

Question 15

A low-flow oxygen delivery device:
I. meets all of the patient's inspiratory needs
II. meets part of the patient's inspiratory needs
III. entrains room air
IV. delivers 100% oxygen

A) I and III
B) I and IV
C) II and III
D) II and IV

Question 16

Oxygen delivery through a HAFOE (high air flow with oxygen enrichment) mask:

A) is affected by the patient's tidal volume
B) is affected by the patient's respiratory rate
C) is affected by the patient's breathing pattern
D) none of the above

Question 17

A low-flow oxygen delivery device:

A) is operated at flows greater than 10 L/min
B) provides part of a patient's inspiratory needs
C) operates from 100% oxygen only
D) provides all of a patient's inspiratory needs

Question 18

At 3 L/min, a nasal cannula delivers approximately what F_IO₂?

A) 24%
B) 28%
C) 32%
D) 36%

Question 19

A HAFOE (high air flow with oxygen enrichment) mask is set at 40%, and the oxygen flowmeter is running at 6 L/min. What is the total flow to the patient?

A) 6 L/min
B) 18 L/min
C) 24 L/min
D) 30 L/min

Question 20

A nasal cannula running at 2 L/min delivers approximately what F_IO₂?

A) 24%
B) 28%
C) 32%
D) 36%

Question 21

A simple oxygen mask can deliver approximately what range of F_IO₂?

A) 25-45%
B) 35-55%
C) up to 60%
D) up to 70%

Question 22

What liter flow of heated humidified oxygen can the Vapotherm Precision Flow^TM deliver through its cannula?

A) 6 L/min
B) 10 L/min
C) 20 L/min
D) 40 L/min

Question 23

A nasal cannula running at 6 L/min delivers approximately what F_IO₂?

A) 28%
B) 32%
C) 36%
D) 40%

Question 24

A transtracheal catheter has advantages compared with a nasal cannula because:

A) it delivers a higher F_IO₂
B) it has a more consistent oxygen delivery
C) it is not affected by the patient's respiratory rate or tidal volume
D) it can conserve oxygen

Question 25

Which of the following are low-flow oxygen delivery devices?
I. non-rebreathing mask
II. partial rebreathing mask
III. simple oxygen mask
IV. high air flow with oxygen enrichment (HAFOE) mask

A) I
B) I and II
C) I, II, and III
D) I, II, III, and IV

Question 26

What percentage relative humidity at 41 degrees Celsius can the Vapotherm Precision Flow^TM deliver?

A) 65%
B) 75%
C) 85%
D) 95%

Question 27

Which of the following are advantages of high flow heated humidified oxygen therapy via a nasal cannula? Reduced oxygen dilution
Decreased deadspace
Generation of continuous positive airway pressure
Increased patient comfort

A) I
B) I and II
C) I, II, and III
D) I, II, III, and IV

Question 28

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is approved for the treatment of:
I. gas gangrene
II. radiation necrosis
III. carbon monoxide poisoning
IV. necrotizing soft tissue infections

A) I
B) I and II
C) I, II, and III
D) I, II, III, and IV

Question 29

Incubators (Isolettes) are frequently used for:

A) oxygen therapy
B) humidity therapy
C) thermal regulation
D) none of the above

Question 30

When using mist tents or croupettes, you must be careful because:

A) oxygen concentrations are high
B) flow into the tent is high, causing heat retention
C) oxygen concentrations can layer
D) the volume of the enclosure is very small

Question 31

A pendant cannula is advantageous over a simple nasal cannula because:

A) it delivers a higher F_IO₂
B) it has a more consistent oxygen delivery
C) it is not affected by the patient's respiratory rate or tidal volume
D) it can conserve oxygen

Question 32

Oxygen is typically delivered to a head box using:

A) a high air flow with oxygen entrainment (HAFOE) device
B) two flowmeters (one for air and one for oxygen)
C) a blender
D) none of the above

Question 33

Hazards of a transtracheal catheter include:
I. infection
II. subcutaneous emphysema
III. hemoptysis
IV. mucosal drying

A) I
B) I and II
C) I, II, and III
D) I, II, III, and IV

Question 34

The only absolute contraindication for hyperbaric therapy is:

A) subcutaneous emphysema
B) upper respiratory infections
C) bullous emphysema
D) untreated pneumothorax

Question 35

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is the application of oxygen at:

A) ambient pressure
B) sub-ambient pressure
C) greater than ambient pressure
D) none of the above

Question 36

A disposable non-rebreathing oxygen mask can deliver approximately what range of F_IO₂?

A) 25-45%
B) 35-55%
C) up to 60%
D) up to 80%

Question 37

A head box is classified as:

A) a high-flow delivery device
B) a low-flow delivery device
C) an enclosure
D) none of the above

Question 38

A partial rebreathing oxygen mask can deliver approximately what range of F_IO₂?

A) 25-45%
B) 35-55%
C) up to 60%
D) up to 70%

Question 39

What is flow rate range for the Teleflex Medical Comfort Flo heated humidified nasal cannula?

A) 1 - 30 L/min
B) 1 - 40 L/min
C) 5 - 50 L/min
D) 5 - 60 L/min

Question 40

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy:

A) increases the PaO₂
B) increases oxygen saturation (SaO₂)
C) decreases elimination of carbon monoxide
D) increases the size of dissolved gas bubbles

Question 41

A helium/oxygen (heliox) mixture of 70%/30 % has a density compared with oxygen of:

A) 1.8 times greater
B) 1.6 times greater
C) 1.8 times lower
D) 1.6 times lower

Question 42

Carbon dioxide/oxygen therapy should be limited to:

A) 1 to 5 minutes
B) 5 to 15 minutes
C) 15 to 20 minutes
D) 20 to 60 minutes

Question 43

The physician wants a liter flow of 12 L/min of a 30%/70% helium/oxygen mixture. The only flowmeter you have is an oxygen flowmeter. What should you adjust the flowmeter to read?

A) 22 L/min
B) 19 L/min
C) 7 L/min
D) 8 L/min

Question 44

The physician wants a liter flow of 12 L/min of a 20%/80% helium/oxygen mixture. The only flowmeter you have is an oxygen flowmeter. What should you adjust the flowmeter to read?

A) 22 L/min
B) 19 L/min
C) 7 L/min
D) 8 L/min

Question 45

Nitric oxygen may combine with water to form
I. nitrous oxide
II. nitrogen dioxide
III. nitric acid
IV. nitrate

A) I and II
B) II and III
C) I and III
D) II and IV

Question 46

A helium/oxygen (heliox) mixture of 80%/20% has a density compared with oxygen of:

A) 1.8 times greater
B) 1.6 times greater
C) 1.8 times lower
D) 1.6 times lower

Question 47

Inhaled nitric oxide is delivered via

A) nasal cannula
B) transtracheal catheter
C) non-rebreathing mask
D) the I-NO vent

Question 48

Which of the following is a common mixture for carbon dioxide/oxygen therapy?

A) 5%/95%
B) 20%/80%
C) 30%/70%
D) none of the above

Question 49

Helium/oxygen (heliox) therapy should be delivered using:

A) a nasal cannula
B) a simple oxygen mask
C) a partial rebreathing mask
D) a tight non-rebreathing mask

Question 50

The therapeutic range for inhaled nitric oxide is:

A) 10 to 20%
B) 2 to 80%
C) 2 to 80 parts per million
D) less than 1 part per million

Question 51

Which of the following are hazards of carbon dioxide/oxygen therapy?
I. increased blood pressure
II. increased heart rate
III. increased respiratory rate
IV. increased depth of breathing

A) I
B) I and II
C) I, II, and III
D) I, II, III, and IV

Question 52

When adjusting the flow during helium/oxygen (heliox) therapy, gas flow:

A) should be at least 10 L/min
B) should be set at flush (maximum setting)
C) should be adjusted to maintain the desired PaCO₂
D) should be adjusted to keep the bag full

Question 53

Which of the following is a common mixture for helium/oxygen therapy?

A) 7%/93%
B) 20%/80%
C) 5%/95%
D) none of the above

Question 54

How is oxygen percentage regulated in a heated humidified high flow nasal cannula?

A) It is factor preset.
B) It is adjusted using air dilution (HAFOE).
C) It is adjusted by setting two flowmeters; one for air and the other for oxygen.
D) There are proportional solenoid valves that adjust the oxygen percentage.

Question 55

Helium/oxygen (heliox) mixtures are advantageous in treating obstructive lung disease (refractory asthma) because:

A) the gas viscosity is lower
B) higher oxygen concentrations are possible
C) helium doesn't dissolve into the plasma
D) the density of the gas is lower

Question 56

Nitric oxide (NO) therapy is approved for treatment of:

A) pulmonary embolus
B) pulmonary edema
C) pulmonary hypertension
D) pulmonary infarction

Question 57

When setting the flowmeter on a partial rebreathing mask, oxygen flow

A) should be at least 10 L/min
B) should be set at flush (maximum setting)
C) should be adjusted to maintain the desired PaCO₂
D) should be adjusted to keep the bag full