Deck 8: The Genetics Of Bacteria And Their Viruses

Question 1

Which of the following is a true statement about the phage Lambda? 1.It is a temperate phage
2)It is a virulent phage
3)It can infect the bacterium E.coli

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 1 and 3
E) 2 and 3

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The lambda phage can cause lysis in a bacterium when: 1.The lamda DNA is spontaneously excised from the host chromosome
2)The lambda DNA is induced to excise from the host chromosome
3)The lambda DNA excises from the host chromosome and moves back into the phage

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 1 and 2
E) All of these

Answer 2

D

Question 3

In a mixed infection of T4 of genotype h?r X hr? (where h is the mutant that produces clear plaques and r is the mutant that produces sharp edges)on a mixture of E.coli B and B2 cells,wild type recombinants form:

A) Turbid plaques with sharp edges
B) Clear plaques with fuzzy edges
C) Turbid plaques with fuzzy edges
D) Clear plaques with sharp edges
E) Clear and turbid plaques with jagged edges

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Two of the most important bacteriophages that have played a role in they study of genetics are:

A) E. coli and T4
B) T4 and TMZ
C) T4 and Lambda
D) Lambda and E. coli
E) Lambda and TMZ

Question 5

In its integrated state the lambda chromosome is known as a:

A) Lyophilized phage
B) Prophage
C) Metaphage
D) Lytic phage
E) None of these

Question 6

Which of the following statements is true with regard to viruses? 1.Viruses can only reproduce by infecting living cells
2)Viruses can be considered both living and non-living depending on the state they are in
3)Viruses that infect bacterial cells are known as bacteriophages

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 1 and 2
E) All of these

Question 7

T4 contains a modified DNA base.Which base is modified and for what purpose?

A) Cytosine; to protect phage DNA from phage encoded DNAse
B) Thymidine; to protect phage DNA from phage encoded DNAse
C) Cytosine; to increase transcription from phage promoters
D) Thymidine; to increase transcription from phage promoters
E) Adenine; to help rupture the bacterial plasma membrane

Question 8

Which of the following is required for the lambda phage to cause lysis in a bacterial cell?

A) Precise excision of phage DNA from the host chromosome
B) Lambda integrase
C) Lambda excisase
D) All of these
E) None of these

Question 9

Plaque morphology is a function of:

A) A physiological interaction between bacteria and phage.
B) Phage genotype
C) Bacterial strain
D) All of these
E) None of these

Question 10

Which of the following is an advantage of using bacteria for research over an organism like Drosophila? 1.Bacteria are small and reproduce quickly
2)Bacteria can grow on artificial biochemically defined media
3)Bacteria have a simple structure and physiology

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 1 and 3
E) All of these

Question 11

When bacteriophage l integrates into the bacterial chromosome,it does so at:

A) An att P site in the host chromosome.
B) An att B site in the phage chromosome.
C) An att B site in the host chromosome using a lambda-encoded integrase
D) An att B site in the host chromosome using a bacteria-encoded integrase.
E) An att B site in both the host and phage chromosomes

Question 12

Which of the following statements is false with regards to bacteria as a model organism for genetic study?

A) Genetic variability is difficult to detect.
B) Bacteria are ideal for studying fundamental biological processes because they are simple in structure.
C) Bacteria can grow on artificial media that can be altered by the researcher.
D) Bacteria can reproduce more quickly than Drosophila
E) All of these are false

Question 13

Which of the following is a true statement regarding the bacteriophage lambda? 1.It is smaller than T4
2)It can undergo a lytic or lysogenic lifecycle
3)It is comprised of a double stranded linear piece of DNA encased in a protein coat

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 1 and 3
E) All of these

Question 14

The biological purpose of T4 lysozyme during phage propagation is to:

A) Open the phage head to release viral DNA into the host cell.
B) Disrupt the nuclear membrane of the host cell.
C) Lyse host bacteria to release newly formed phage.
D) Assemble the head and tail fibers of new phages.
E) Shut off transcription and translation of bacterial genes in the cell.

Question 15

Temperate and virulent phages differ in that:

A) Virulent phages kill the host cell and temperate phages never kill the host cell
B) Virulent phages never kill the host cell and temperate phages always kill the host cell
C) Virulent phages kill the host cell and temperate phages can kill the host cell or live in a symbiotic state with the host cell
D) Temperate phages kill the host cell and virulent phages can kill the host cell or live in a symbiotic state with the host cell
E) All of these are true

Question 16

The modified nitrogenous base found in the T4 phage DNA also contains an attached glucose derived residue that is used for what purpose?

A) To increase transcription from phage promoters
B) To protect phage from phage encoded nucleases
C) To protect phage from host encoded restriction enzymes.
D) To indicate a site for head-full packaging
E) All f these

Question 17

A virus that infects a bacterial cell is known as a:

A) Bacteriolysin
B) Bacteriophage
C) Bacteria virus
D) Baculovirus
E) None of these

Question 18

Which of the following is a true statement about the phage T4?
1)It is a temperate phage
2)It is a virulent phage
3)It can infect the bacterium E.coli

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 1 and 3
E) 2 and 3

Question 19

What is the difference in the plaque morphology of r? and r phage on E.coli B?

A) r? is larger than r
B) r is larger than r+
C) r? has sharper edges than r
D) r has sharper edges than r?
E) None of these

Question 20

In a lysogenic pathway,the viral DNA is: 1.Inserted into the host chromosome
2)Replicated with the host chromosome
3)Integrated by site specific recombination

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 1 and 2
E) All of these

Question 21

Which of the following sequences are terminally redundant and circularly permuted?

A) (ABCD...WXYZ, BCDE...XYZA, CDEF...YZAB)
B) (ABCD...YZAB, CDEF...ABCD, EFGH...CDEF)
C) (ABCD...YZAB, EFGH...CDEF, IJKL...GHJI)
D) (ABCD...WXYZ, ABCD....WXYZ, ABCD...WXYZ)
E) None of these

Question 22

Which of the following can be mutated in bacteria? 1.Colony morphology
2)Cell morphology
3)Ability to use an energy source

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 1 and 2
E) All of these

Question 23

The head-full mechanism of DNA packaging incorporates _____________ of T4 DNA per phage head.

A) more than one genome
B) less than one genome
C) one genome
D) all of these
E) none of these

Question 24

Bacteria that can not synthesize all the necessary amino acids are known as:
a) Prototrophs
b) Auxotrophs
c) Phototrophs
d) Heterotrophs
e) Chemoheterotrophs

Question 25

Wild type bacteria that can synthesize all necessary metabolites are known as:

A) Prototrophs
B) Auxotrophs
C) Phototrophs
D) Heterotrophs
E) Chemoheterotrophs

Question 26

Gene transfer in bacteria is:

A) Unidirectional - from donor cells to recipient cells
B) Unidirectional - from recipient cells to donor cells
C) Bidirectional
D) Mutidirectional
E) None of these

Question 27

Plasmids are: 1.Autonomously replicating
2)Circular
3)Extrachromosomal DNA

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 1 and 3
E) All of these

Question 28

The genetic map of phage T4 is circular because: 1.The sequence is terminally redundant
2)The sequence is circularly permuted
3)The sequence is 50kbp long

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 1 and 2
E) 2 and 3

Question 29

Which of the following is true regarding bacteria?

A) Bacteria reproduce by simple fission
B) Bacteria are monoploid and multinucleate
C) Bacteria do not undergo mitosis
D) Bacteria do not undergo meiosis
E) All of these are true

Question 30

Terminally redundant DNA molecules:

A) contain the same nucleotide sequence at both ends of a linear molecule
B) contain different nucleotide sequences at the ends of a linear molecule
C) contain the same nucleotide sequence in the middle segments of a linear molecule
D) All of these
E) None of these