Deck 1: the Ancient Near East: the First Civilizations

Question 1

IDENTIFICATIONS
Neanderthals

Answer 1

Not answer

Question 2

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cave paintings at Chauvet

Answer 2

Not answer

Question 3

What were the causes and the consequences of the migration of Indo-European speakers into the Near East during the second millennium B.C.?

Answer 3

Not answer

Question 4

Try to define the differences between the terms "society" and "civilization."

Question 5

IDENTIFICATIONS
Hominids

Question 6

Why begin the history of Western Civilization with a study of ancient societies in Mesopotamia and Egypt?

Question 7

Discuss some of the similarities and the differences between the religions and religious practices of the Mesopotamian region with those of Egyptian civilization.

Question 8

Compare and contrast the role of women and families in Mesopotamian and Egyptian societies.

Question 9

In the modern Western world, we often draw a distinction between religion and secular society. Would this distinction have made sense to the peoples of ancient Mesopotamia and Egypt?

Question 10

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Neolithic Revolution

Question 11

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Homo erectus

Question 12

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Çatal Huyuk

Question 13

Which society presented in Chapter 1 would you have preferred to live in, and why?

Question 14

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Australopithecine

Question 15

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Paleolithic Age

Question 16

Some scholars refer to Mesopotamian and Egyptian civilizations as "hydraulic" cultures. Check the definition of "hydraulic," and write an essay justifying the application of this term to these cultures.

Question 17

What parts of the transition from hunting and gathering to a settled, agricultural society would have improved most people's lives, and what parts of the transition would have decreased the quality of life?

Question 18

IDENTIFICATIONS
Homo sapiens sapiens

Question 19

Discuss the possible reasons why Mesopotamia saw so many different civilizations, from the Sumerians to the Persians, while civilization in the Nile Valley remained essentially unchanged for three millennium.

Question 20

The Code of Hammurabi was one of the first of all ancient legal codes. In what ways was it "modern"? How was it different from modern day Western legal codes? What do you believe constituted "justice" for the inhabitants of Mesopotamian city-states?

Question 21

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Sargon of Akkad

Question 22

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epic of Enuma elish

Question 23

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Code of Hammurabi

Question 24

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Tigris and Euphrates Rivers

Question 25

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"The Gift of the Nile"

Question 26

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the pyramids

Question 27

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ziggurat

Question 28

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Old Kingdom

Question 29

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The Epic of Gilgamesh

Question 30

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Indus and Yellow Rivers

Question 31

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Menes

Question 32

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Middle Kingdom

Question 33

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Southwest Asia

Question 34

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Eridu, Ur, Uruk, and Lagash

Question 35

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Mesopotamia

Question 36

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Sumerians

Question 37

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Agricultural Revolution

Question 38

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Upper and Lower Egypt

Question 39

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Naram-Sin of Akkad

Question 40

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cuneiform

Question 41

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Hyksos

Question 42

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hieroglyphs

Question 43

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polytheism

Question 44

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New Kingdom

Question 45

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Seth

Question 46

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Osiris

Question 47

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Amenhotep III

Question 48

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Sea Peoples

Question 49

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Stonehenge

Question 50

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Suppiluliumas I

Question 51

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Ramesses II

Question 52

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Indo-Europeans

Question 53

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Akhenaten

Question 54

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Megaliths

Question 55

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Isis

Question 56

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Amon-Re

Question 57

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Hatshepsut

Question 58

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Hittites

Question 59

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Tutankhamun

Question 60

IDENTIFICATIONS
Ahmose I

Question 61

Mesopotamian religion was

A) monotheistic.
B) very simple with few rules and tenets.
C) severely critical of cultures that practiced divination.
D) one in which no one god reigned supreme and deities were closely related to cities.
E) abstract and metaphorical.

Question 62

Mesopotamia is located in the valley of the

A) Indus River
B) Danube River
C) Tigris and Euphrates rivers
D) Nile River
E) Po River

Question 63

Sumerian kings derived their authority from

A) the will of the people.
B) the parliamentary councils of the city-states.
C) success in athletic tournaments.
D) the gods.
E) their military victories over the "barbarians".

Question 64

The Epic of Gilgamesh teaches that

A) the gods are benevolent and care greatly for their people.
B) a wish fulfilled is not always a good thing.
C) human life is difficult and immortality is only for the gods.
D) a periodic flood is necessary to cleanse the world.
E) immortality is guaranteed for the believing worshippers.

Question 65

The early Neolithic era saw

A) a slow transition from hunting and gathering to an agricultural society.
B) the appearance of cities and urban life.
C) the domestication of the horse in ancient Egypt.
D) the smelting of iron.
E) all of the above

Question 66

The first modern Homo sapiens

A) first appeared in Africa between 200,000 and 150,000 years ago.
B) was a skilled hunter who had mastered the bow and arrow.
C) lived mostly in small groups near the sea.
D) mastered the art of making bronze tools and weapons.
E) appeared in Europe about one million years ago.

Question 67

IDENTIFICATIONS
bronze and iron

Question 68

The term "civilization" refers to human societies which, amongst other features,

A) have an urban focus and a distinct religious structure.
B) have art and music.
C) support themselves mainly by trading and manufacturing.
D) have learned to live in peace with their neighbors.
E) have given up religion and adopted rational thinking.

Question 69

All of the following are believed to be developments of the Paleolithic Age except

A) the utilization of tools.
B) origins of religious and decorative art.
C) a social system with rough equality between the sexes.
D) the controlled use of fire.
E) the regular production of food through agriculture.

Question 70

The physical environment of the Mesopotamians generally led to

A) an optimistic outlook emphasizing the secular life.
B) a pessimistic outlook and loathing of religion.
C) a pessimistic outlook with an emphasis on satisfying their angry gods.
D) an optimistic outlook with a belief in providing for benevolent gods.
E) profound apathy and lack of any material accomplishments.

Question 71

The ancient city of Catal Huyuk was

A) a farming community located in Greece.
B) a Neolithic walled community sustained by food surpluses.
C) a large city with an elaborate water and sewer system.
D) an autocracy in which ruling religious elders exercise all political power.
E) the capitol of Egypt during the Old Kingdom.

Question 72

The written script of Sumer is known as

A) cuneiform.
B) alphabetic.
C) phonogram.
D) hieroglyphs.
E) Cyrillic.

Question 73

The basic unit of early Mesopotamian civilization was the

A) city-state.
B) village.
C) county.
D) land one man could plough in a day.
E) empire.

Question 74

In agrarian societies, an economic surplus is food which is

A) not wanted or needed.
B) used to support a non-laboring elite.
C) used to supplement the diets of hard-working farmers.
D) used to feed a growing population of farmers.
E) used to feed foreign prisoners taken in war.

Question 75

One of the oldest known agricultural villages, located in Palestine, was

A) Canaan.
B) Ur.
C) Byblos.
D) Jerusalem.
E) Jericho.

Question 76

In ancient civilizations, bronze would replace copper because

A) bronze was harder and more durable.
B) it was prettier and therefore made prettier jewelry.
C) bronze took less time to smelt.
D) bronze ore was easier to find.
E) copper tools and weapons became too soft because of the hot weather of the Middle East.

Question 77

The cave in southern France, discovered in 1994 and that contains three hundred paintings of animals, is known as the ____ cave.

A) Lascaux
B) Chauvet
C) Andalusia
D) Pyrenees
E) Poitiers

Question 78

Hominids split off from the great apes around six million years ago in

A) Europe
B) Asia
C) Africa
D) South America
E) North America

Question 79

The Sumerian government

A) came to view kings as agents of their gods.
B) saw the various city-states erect different types of governments.
C) was a theocracy in which the priest ruled.
D) was a type of aristocracy where nobles were appointed by an assembly.
E) was controlled by the merchant and artisan class.

Question 80

The Sumerians

A) defeated the Hittites in 2600 B.C.
B) were plagued by incessant warfare between their many city-states.
C) had a complicated religion with a sophisticated belief in life after death.
D) were warriors who instituted totalitarian government.
E) built damns and irrigation canals along the Indus River.