Deck 11: Contraception and Abortion

Question 1

If a woman cannot take oral contraceptives containing estrogen, she will probably be advised to ________.

A) abstain from sexual intercourse
B) use condoms and foam
C) consider an implant
D) use a progestin-only pill, or minipill

Answer 1

D

Question 2

If a woman misses one of her pills, she should ________.

A) not worry about it
B) take two pills immediately to catch up and stay on schedule
C) take one as soon as she remembers and the next one on schedule
D) not have intercourse for 2 months

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Nelly, a mother of two, adopts a particular hormonal method of birth control after which she notices her breasts swell up, and she has bleeding between periods. Which of the following hormonal methods is she most likely to have adopted?

A) oral contraceptives
B) diaphragm
C) vaginal ring
D) spermicides

Answer 3

A

Question 4

In the context of the hormonal methods of contraception, which of the following is achieved by oral contraceptives?

A) fastening of the rate of ovum transport
B) thickening of the uterus lining
C) disrupting of transport of the fertilized egg
D) thinning of the cervical mucus

Question 5

The oldest and most reliable form of contraception is ________.

A) mutual masturbation
B) birth control pills
C) abstinence
D) the use of condoms

Question 6

Contraception refers to the ________.

A) natural prevention of conception or impregnation by means of a chromosomal abnormality in a woman
B) deliberate prevention of conception or impregnation by any of various drugs, techniques, or devices
C) government-regulated schemes of family planning
D) inability of women to give birth due to health issues

Question 7

The best method of contraception is the one that ________.

A) has a low ongoing cost
B) will be used consistently and correctly
C) one's partner will be comfortable with
D) demands the least thought

Question 8

According to Hatcher et al. (2011), which of the following should be considered when a person makes a birth control choice?

A) the advantages and disadvantages of each method
B) the ability to delay menopause
C) the effect of the method on sexual drive and pleasure
D) the methods used by his or her peers

Question 9

A method of contraception that inhibits the release of the oocyte from the ovary is the ________.

A) hormonal method
B) barrier method
C) spermicide method
D) oogenic method

Question 10

A disadvantage of the oral contraceptive is ________.

A) the interference it causes with the normal hormonal cycles
B) the presence of nausea or vomiting
C) that it increases a woman's risk for ovarian cancer
D) that it is difficult to take

Question 11

Mieko and James had unprotected sex for an entire year. What is the likelihood that Mieko became pregnant?

A) 30 percent
B) 55 percent
C) 98 percent
D) 85 percent

Question 12

Although different oral contraceptives work in various ways, one thing they all have in common is ________.

A) the creation of the same conditions as in pregnancy
B) the formation of a barrier between the egg and the sperm
C) the prevention of the sperm's entry into the uterus
D) the weakening and eventual destruction of the sperm

Question 13

In the context of the methods of contraception, spermicides prevent conception or impregnation by ________.

A) killing the sperm before they can get to the egg
B) increasing the life span of the oocyte
C) reducing the count of sperm released from the testes
D) causing the uterus to expel an embryo

Question 14

Which of the following is an advantage of using oral contraceptives?

A) It results in less menstrual cramps.
B) It prevents against breast cancer.
C) It is independent of a woman's health profile.
D) It provides protection against HIV.

Question 15

In addition to the avoidance of pregnancy, an advantage of abstinence is that it ________.

A) lets partners get to know and trust one another before getting intimate
B) increases the sexual tensions that will culminate in the first intercourse
C) gives partners a chance to check out each other's sexual histories and decide the course ahead accordingly
D) builds the character of the two individuals involved

Question 16

Traditionally, contraception is seen as ________.

A) a woman's responsibility
B) a man's responsibility
C) the government's responsibility
D) a consulting doctor's responsibility

Question 17

Regarding responsibility for birth control, the majority of ________.

A) men and women believe that the man has an equal responsibility as the woman for contraception
B) men believe that the woman is more responsible for contraception
C) women believe that they should be more responsible for contraception
D) men and women believe that the man is more responsible for using contraception

Question 18

In order to avoid an unwanted pregnancy, Vinita and her partner refrain from having sexual intercourse around the time of ovulation. However, they still indulge in other nongenital sexual acts like kissing and cuddling. Which of the following birth control methods is being practiced by Vinita and her partner?

A) reversible contraception
B) abstinence
C) sterilization
D) barrier method

Question 19

According to the Guttmacher Institute (2017), what percentage of unintended pregnancies were terminated by abortion in the United States?

A) about 10 percent
B) about 25 percent
C) about 40 percent
D) about 80 percent

Question 20

According to the Guttmacher Institute (2016), the most widely used form of reversible contraception in the United States, accounting for 16 percent of all contraceptives used, is ________.

A) the diaphragm
B) the intrauterine device (IUD)
C) the pill
D) a spermicide

Question 21

The chief drawback to condom usage is that ________.

A) condoms are expensive
B) many condoms have manufacturing defects
C) condoms need to be put on an erect penis before penetration
D) many people are allergic to latex

Question 22

Once a woman stops taking the pill after childbirth, her menstrual cycle will usually resume ________.

A) in about 1 year
B) within 2 months
C) within 2 days after taking the last pill
D) in 6 to 8 months

Question 23

Bill plans to have protected sex with Lea by using a latex condom on himself. Which of the following should Bill follow in order to prevent the latex from weakening and thereby ensure maximum satisfaction and effectiveness from this type of barrier method?

A) He should use it with K-Y Jelly.
B) He should use it with Vaseline.
C) He should wear more than one condom during intercourse.
D) He should make his partner wear a female condom as well.

Question 24

Barrier methods are primarily designed to ________.

A) inhibit capacitation of the sperm
B) maintain regularity of menstrual cycles
C) keep sperm and egg from uniting
D) cause spontaneous abortion of the fertilized ovum

Question 25

One of the advantages of the female condom is that it ________.

A) is aesthetically pleasing
B) can be used with both water-based and oil-based lubricants
C) does not run the risk of slipping into the vagina during intercourse
D) can be easily inserted and removed at all circumstances

Question 26

Which of the following is true about Depo-Provera (DMPA)?

A) It works by stopping ovulation and thickening the cervical mucus.
B) It is used to prevent pregnancy for a period of 24 weeks.
C) It is a good birth control method for those desiring an immediate pregnancy.
D) It regularizes menstrual cycles and controls irregular bleeding.

Question 27

The female condom works by ________.

A) releasing a spermicide into the vagina
B) protecting the vagina and cervix from sperm
C) altering the chemical balance within the vagina
D) preventing the passage of the egg into the uterus

Question 28

One major difference between the male condom and the female condom is ________.

A) the male condom provides more protection against HIV than the female condom
B) the female condom affords greater protection of both partners against infections
C) the male condom has been shown to be more durable than the female condom
D) the female condom is considerably cheaper than the male condom

Question 29

Which of the following is a disadvantage of using Depo-Provera (DMPA)?

A) decrease in bone density
B) endometriosis-related pain
C) vaginal irritation
D) facial hair growth

Question 30

Which of the following is true about the diaphragm?

A) It thins the lining of the uterus to inhibit implantation of the fertilized ovum.
B) It kills sperm in the vagina.
C) It prevents sperm from entering the uterus and fallopian tubes.
D) It prevents eggs from entering the uterus.

Question 31

In the context of the hormonal methods of contraception, which of the following is a problem associated with the use of oral contraceptives?

A) increased risk of benign breast conditions
B) nausea or vomiting
C) intensified symptoms of premenstrual syndrome
D) heavy menstrual flow

Question 32

Which of the following is true of the oral contraceptive pill?

A) The pill results in irregular or increased menstrual flow.
B) The pill prevents the development of age spots on the skin.
C) The pill offers protection against ovarian cancer.
D) The pill increases the risk of benign breast conditions.

Question 33

All of the following are barrier methods of birth control EXCEPT ________.

A) condoms
B) diaphragms
C) the sponge
D) the pill

Question 34

Oral contraceptives containing estrogen should NOT be used for ________.

A) women who smoke
B) women who are nursing mothers
C) omen under the age of 18
D) women with several children

Question 35

Which of the following is the third most widely used contraceptive method in the United States?

A) sterilization
B) pills
C) diaphragms
D) condoms

Question 36

Which of the following is a health risk associated with taking birth control pills?

A) decrease in bone density
B) increased risk of blood clots in the case of obese women
C) severe lower abdominal pain
D) iron deficiency in the case of women who are over 35 and smoke

Question 37

Depo-Provera (DMPA) is administered ________.

A) orally in the form of a pill
B) through injection
C) orally in the form of a liquid
D) through a birth control patch

Question 38

An advantage of condoms is that they ________.

A) eliminate the risks of STIs
B) are inexpensive or even free
C) eliminate unplanned pregnancy
D) enhance penile-vaginal sensations

Question 39

Barrier methods available to women include the ________.

A) birth control shot
B) diaphragm
C) implant
D) birth control patch

Question 40

Which of the following statements about Implanon is true?

A) It is a barrier method.
B) It offers some protection against sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
C) It is an easily reversible birth control method.
D) It is one of the few contraceptive methods available to men.

Question 41

A similarity between the Fem Cap and the diaphragm is both ________.

A) do not require a spermicide
B) can be worn for 48-72 hours
C) are defined as barrier methods
D) methods are over 97 percent effective

Question 42

Intrauterine devices (IUDs) work ________.

A) by preventing sperm from entering the uterus
B) by releasing a spermicidal agent into the vagina
C) by expelling semen from the vagina
D) by thickening cervical mucus so implantation cannot take place

Question 43

Which of the following is an advantage of using the diaphragm?

A) It maintains high user effectiveness even without added spermicide.
B) It is safe and can be discretely used.
C) Protects a woman from contracting HIV.
D) It eliminates the risk of repeated urinary infections.

Question 44

Lily is a married woman with no children and has sex about three times a week. She wants to adopt the kind of device that can be worn longer-almost 2 days in a row-than the usually available birth control methods. Which of the following birth control methods is the best recommendation for Lily?

A) Depo-Provera
B) Implanol
C) Fem Cap
D) The Sponge

Question 45

Which of the following is a problem associated with the use of an intrauterine device (IUD)?

A) It is likely to slip out for older women who have had several babies.
B) It interferes with spontaneity during intercourse.
C) It does not protect against STIs, including HIV.
D) It possesses the risk of toxic shock syndrome if not replaced within 24 months.

Question 46

The intrauterine device (IUD) is positioned in the ________.

A) rectum
B) vagina
C) uterus
D) ovaries

Question 47

A warning all diaphragm users should be aware of is ________.

A) never to leave the diaphragm in for more than 24 hours
B) to replace the diaphragm every 2 years
C) to refit the diaphragm only if the user gains weight
D) never to use contraceptive foams with the diaphragm

Question 48

Which of the following is a unique feature of the birth control sponge?

A) It emits either copper or the hormone progestin.
B) It contains the spermicide nonoxynol-9 (N-9).
C) It has an unlimited shelf life.
D) It slows the rate of ovum transport.

Question 49

Aria, a 27-year-old woman, plans to get married next year but avoid having a baby for at least two years after marriage. She starts monitoring and noting her menstrual cycles for a period of 10 months to determine her longest and shortest menstrual cycles. At the end of 10 months, she calculates her expected fertile period and decides to abstain from engaging in sexual intercourse during this period. In the context of fertility awareness-based methods, identify the method used by Aria in this scenario.

A) the symptothermal method
B) the calendar (rhythm) method
C) the cervical mucus method
D) the basal body temperature method

Question 50

If a woman has a somewhat irregular menstrual cycle, why is she ill-advised to use the rhythm method?

A) It is impossible to calculate when ovulation occurs and therefore impossible to determine which days are "safe."
B) She may end up having intercourse at the beginning of menstruation, thereby increasing the likelihood of conception.
C) Worrying about the possibility of pregnancy will prevent both the woman and her partner from being sexually satisfied.
D) An irregular menstrual cycle indicates problems with fertility, and these should be evaluated before any method of contraception is used.

Question 51

A severe but small risk associated with the use of a cervical cap is ________.

A) toxic shock syndrome
B) vaginismus
C) hair loss
D) chronic yeast infections

Question 52

Which of these contraceptives doesn't belong with the others?

A) the pill
B) the diaphragm
C) the cervical cap
D) the sponge

Question 53

Which of the following is NOT a hormonal method of contraception?

A) Implanon
B) Fem Cap
C) NuvaRing
D) Depo-Provera

Question 54

Lauren, a 25-year-old woman, records her body temperature every morning immediately after waking up. She makes a note of her daily body temperature in her personal calendar for 12 months. She finally realizes that her temperature rises half a degree during ovulation, and she plans to abstain from sexual intercourse during this period. In the context of fertility awareness-based methods, identify the method followed by Lauren in this scenario.

A) the basal body temperature method
B) the calendar (rhythm) method
C) the symptothermal method
D) the cervical mucus method

Question 55

Which of the following is inserted into the vagina, must stay in place for at least 6 hours after the last intercourse, and can be worn for up to 48 hours?

A) a diaphragm
B) a sponge
C) a cervical cap
D) a female condom

Question 56

Which of these contraceptives doesn't belong with the others?

A) the female condom
B) Nexplanon
C) the diaphragm
D) the cervical cap

Question 57

Which of these contraceptives doesn't belong with the others?

A) oral contraceptives
B) vaginal rings
C) cervical caps
D) implants

Question 58

In order to keep her date spontaneous and romantic, Elena inserts a diaphragm with a spermicide before she leaves work at 4 PM. After cocktails, dinner, and dancing, she goes to her date's apartment and begins lovemaking at about midnight. Is this safe in terms of preventing pregnancy?

A) Yes, a diaphragm is effective for 6 to 8 hours after insertion with spermicide.
B) Yes, as long as it is in place, it is an effective sperm barrier.
C) No, the dancing may dislodge the diaphragm from its correct position in the vagina.
D) No, a diaphragm is only effective for up to 6 hours after insertion with spermicide.

Question 59

Spermicides are available in all of the following forms EXCEPT ________.

A) foam
B) gel
C) patch
D) film

Question 60

Which of these is NOT a barrier method?

A) NuvaRing
B) the female condom
C) Today Sponge
D) the diaphragm

Question 61

The key constitutional issue that enters the abortion debate is ________.

A) the right to privacy
B) what is considered the point at which human life actually begins
C) whether the husband or the wife has the greater right to decide cases of abortion
D) the right of free speech

Question 62

Which of the following is the biggest obstacle to the development of new, more effective methods of contraception?

A) costly development processes
B) fear of lawsuits
C) long FDA approval processes
D) a glutted market

Question 63

The 1973 Supreme Court decision that upheld a woman's right to abortion as a fundamental right was ________.

A) Monroe v. Madison
B) Roe v. Wade
C) Doe v. Bolton
D) Kramer v. Kramer

Question 64

Zachary, a 40-year-old man, has four children and does not want any more children. As his wife has medical complications, he decides to undergo sterilization. His doctor makes two incisions in the skin of his scrotum and cuts and ties each vas deferens. Identify the procedure that is illustrated in this scenario.

A) tubal ligation
B) laparoscopy
C) hysterectomy
D) vasectomy

Question 65

Most likely, a woman who desires to terminate her pregnancy at the eighth week will undergo a ________.

A) colostomy
B) vacuum aspiration
C) dilation and evacuation
D) hysterectomy

Question 66

Abigail, a 23-year-old woman, gave birth to a baby girl a month ago but has not experienced her first postpartum menses. She does not want to use hormonal methods of contraception as she fears that it will interfere with her milk production. Instead, she breastfeeds her baby every 5 hours during the day and every 6 hours at night and successfully avoids getting pregnant. Which of the following methods of contraception is used by Abigail in this scenario?

A) the basal body temperature method
B) the lactational amenorrhea method
C) the calendar (rhythm) method
D) the symptothermal method

Question 67

Nonoxynol-9 is effective for preventing many sexually transmitted diseases (STIs) including HIV.

Question 68

One-third of all abortions in the United States are ________.

A) spontaneous abortions
B) surgical abortions
C) medication abortions
D) second-trimester abortions

Question 69

How soon after unprotected intercourse should Plan B One-Step emergency contraception pill be administered for effectiveness?

A) 1 day
B) 2 days
C) 5 days
D) 1 week

Question 70

The combination of the calendar, cervical mucus, and the basal body methods is called the ________.

A) barrier method
B) ovulation method
C) symptothermal method
D) rhythm method

Question 71

Which of the following is generally true of most women who have had an abortion?

A) A broad cross-section of U.S. women has had abortions.
B) Three-quarters of women seeking abortions say they cannot afford a child.
C) Half of the women seeking abortions say they do not want to be a single parent.
D) All of the answers are correct.

Question 72

Which of the following statements is true about first-trimester abortions?

A) They pose virtually no long-term physical complications.
B) They do not cause any bleeding in women after the procedure.
C) They involve procedures that are more difficult to perform than second-trimester abortions.
D) They are usually performed using dilation and evacuation under local or general anesthesia.

Question 73

Madeline, a 35-year-old woman, examines the secretions of the cervix during her menstrual cycles. She observes that there is a significant change in the secretions prior to ovulation. The secretions change from being cloudy, white mucus to becoming clear, stretchy mucus. Based on the nature of secretions, she determines the unsafe days and avoids having sexual intercourse during this period. Which of the following is best illustrated in this scenario?

A) the calendar (rhythm) method
B) the use of cervical caps
C) the intake of minipills
D) the cervical mucus method

Question 74

The more education couples have, the less likely they are to talk about and utilize family planning.

Question 75

Which of the following is usually done surgically for male sterilization?

A) The prostate gland is removed.
B) The urethra is blocked and tied off.
C) Each vas deferens is cut and tied.
D) The epididymis is tied off.

Question 76

During tubal ligation, laparoscopy is used to make an incision ________.

A) at the top of the pubic hairline
B) through the vagina
C) at the edge of the navel
D) 4 inches below the rib cage

Question 77

Ambivalence about pregnancy is a powerful incentive NOT to use contraception.

Question 78

The female condom that is currently sold on the market is called "Today."

Question 79

Jackson and Jenny, two teenagers, are not ready to take the risk of an unwanted pregnancy but have unprotected sex. As per Jenny's calculations, she is ovulating. What should Jenny do to prevent an unintended pregnancy?

A) implant Essure
B) immediately insert the ParaGard IUD herself
C) immediately consume Next Choice One Dose pills
D) use a cervical cap along with an effective spermicide

Question 80

Which of the following is true of female sterilization?

A) Sexual enjoyment is greatly diminished.
B) It hastens the onset of menopause.
C) The released eggs are reabsorbed by the body.
D) It stops the production of eggs every month.