Deck 23: mass Society in an 'Age of Progress' 1871-1894

Question 1

Examine the relationships between science, mechanization of industry, and social changes. Do these adaptations represent the totality of the Second Industrial Revolution?

Answer 1

Not answer

Question 2

To what extent did the emergence and development of socialist parties and trade unions meet the needs of the working classes between 1871 and the end of the century?

Answer 2

Not answer

Question 3

IDENTIFICATIONS
Coney Island and Blackpool

Answer 3

Not answer

Question 4

IDENTIFICATIONS
Henry Ford

Question 5

IDENTIFICATIONS
Graham Bell

Question 6

IDENTIFICATIONS
Guglielmo Marconi

Question 7

Compare and contrast middle-class and working-class families. How do you explain the similarities and the differences?

Question 8

IDENTIFICATIONS
"day-trippers"

Question 9

Was nineteenth century liberalism a hindrance or a help to the development of political democracy in western civilization? Be specific.

Question 10

IDENTIFICATIONS
internal combustion engine

Question 11

How were the promises and problems of the new mass society reflected in education and leisure?

Question 12

By the late nineteenth century, to what extent were women actively changing the social, cultural, economic, and political dimensions of Western Civilization?

Question 13

IDENTIFICATIONS
Thomas Edison and Joseph Swan

Question 14

IDENTIFICATIONS
Wilbur and Orville Wright

Question 15

What do we mean by the phrase "mass society" and how was the growth of this mass society related to changes in the urban environment?

Question 16

IDENTIFICATIONS
the "weekend"

Question 17

Discuss the structure of European society between 1870 and 1894. Why do historians focus so much attention on the middle class during this period?

Question 18

Compare and contrast eastern and western Europe in the latter decades of the nineteenth century.

Question 19

IDENTIFICATIONS
Gottlieb Daimler

Question 20

Between 1871 and 1894, two major domestic political issues involved the achievement of liberal practices and the growth of political democracy. To what extent were these realized in Great Britain, France, Spain, and Italy?

Question 21

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Marxist "revisionism"

Question 22

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plutocrats

Question 23

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Public Health Act of 1875

Question 24

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Octavia Hill

Question 25

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Michael Bakunin and anarchism

Question 26

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Consuelo Vanderbilt

Question 27

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Second Industrial Revolution

Question 28

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Social Democratic Party

Question 29

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cartels

Question 30

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Wilhelm Liebknecht and August Bebel

Question 31

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Contagious Diseases Acts

Question 32

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Eduard Bernstein

Question 33

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the assembly line

Question 34

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white-collar jobs

Question 35

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May Day

Question 36

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Jean Jaures

Question 37

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sweatshops and "sweating"

Question 38

IDENTIFICATIONS
domestic servants

Question 39

IDENTIFICATIONS
Lord Tennyson's The Princess

Question 40

IDENTIFICATIONS
V.A. Huber

Question 41

IDENTIFICATIONS
Reform Act of 1884

Question 42

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Cuba and the Philippines

Question 43

IDENTIFICATIONS
Magyarization

Question 44

IDENTIFICATIONS
Boy Scouts

Question 45

IDENTIFICATIONS
France's Third Republic

Question 46

IDENTIFICATIONS
Kulturkampf

Question 47

IDENTIFICATIONS
the Football Association and National and American Leagues

Question 48

IDENTIFICATIONS
William II

Question 49

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Irish Home Rule

Question 50

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Russification

Question 51

IDENTIFICATIONS
Thomas Cook

Question 52

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the Reichstag

Question 53

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Alexander III and Nicholas II

Question 54

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Bismarck's welfare legislation

Question 55

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"yellow press"

Question 56

IDENTIFICATIONS
General Georges Boulanger

Question 57

IDENTIFICATIONS
Aletta Jacob and "family planning"

Question 58

IDENTIFICATIONS
music halls and dance halls

Question 59

IDENTIFICATIONS
Spanish-American War

Question 60

IDENTIFICATIONS
the Commune

Question 61

During the Second Industrial Revolution, working-class organizations emphasized the gender role of women as

A) doctors.
B) sexual objects.
C) housewives.
D) industrial managers.
E) breadwinners.

Question 62

By 1900, which of the following nations was the least advanced industrially?

A) Britain.
B) Germany.
C) France.
D) Belgium.
E) Spain.

Question 63

Industrialization in Japan was the result of

A) private investment and initiative.
B) European colonization.
C) socialist planning on the Marxist model.
D) government planning and initiative.
E) ambitious former samurai.

Question 64

Employment opportunities for women during the Second Industrial Revolution

A) changed in quality and quantity with the expansion of the service sector.
B) declined dramatically as prostitution became illegal.
C) increased greatly with working-class men pushing their wives to work outside the home.
D) declined when piece-work was abandoned as inefficient and "sweatshops" were outlawed.
E) declined because labor unions forced governments to restrict most employment opportunities to men only.

Question 65

Eduard Bernstein, in his book Evolutionary Socialism, claimed that

A) the only hope for the workers was a violent revolution.
B) socialism could best be achieved through the democratic process.
C) unions should bargain with employers and avoid politics.
D) the poor were too ignorant to be allowed to vote.
E) true communism would take hundreds of years to evolve.

Question 66

What type of new energy source powered the second industrial revolution?

A) coal
B) hydroelectric
C) natural gas
D) electricity
E) fuel-cells

Question 67

Who amongst the following was key to the development of the automobile?

A) Henry Ford
B) T. Boone Pickens
C) Nelson D. Rockefeller
D) Walter Chrysler
E) Gottlieb Daimler

Question 68

Initially, trade unions in the first half of the nineteenth century functioned primarily as

A) political parties.
B) militant anarchist societies.
C) supporters of middle-class liberalism.
D) vehicles for leisure activities.
E) mutual aid societies.

Question 69

A rise in female prostitution in European cities during the later nineteenth century can best be attributed to

A) heavy migration to cities by country women and their increasingly desperate struggle for urban economic survival.
B) greater public toleration of sex workers and abandonment of all municipal efforts to police the trade.
C) the acceptance by clergymen of the sex trade as an economic necessity for poorer women.
D) the declining interest of men and women to form families.
E) the decline in available husbands due to various STDs.

Question 70

Which one of the following did not lead the way to new industrial frontiers during the Second Industrial Revolution?

A) steel
B) petroleum
C) electricity
D) chemicals
E) textiles

Question 71

By 1871, the focus of Europeans' lives had become

A) their weekends.
B) their schools.
C) their favorite sports teams.
D) the national state.
E) their church.

Question 72

An issue that brought socialists together in the nineteenth century was

A) nationalism.
B) revisionism.
C) the need for military action.
D) the desire to improve working and living conditions for most workers.
E) a fear that Marxism would submerge the socialist alternatives.

Question 73

In late nineteenth-century Europe, increased competition for foreign markets and the growing importance of domestic demand for economic development led to

A) the elimination of trade restrictions like tariffs.
B) a strong reaction against free trade and imposition of steep protective tariffs by most nations.
C) greater economic instability and a sequence of ever deeper economic depressions.
D) closer economic cooperation among the great powers.
E) greater investment by the United States in the European economy.

Question 74

The "Second Industrial Revolution" saw the advent of what new product?

A) textiles
B) steel
C) coal
D) railroads
E) factories

Question 75

Which one of the following pairings does not accurately present a nation of origin with its leading export item bound for Europe?

A) Argentina and beef.
B) Brazil and coffee.
C) Chile and gold.
D) Algeria and iron.
E) Java and sugar.

Question 76

Which one of the following was not a part of the emergence of the late nineteenth century "mass society"?

A) the extension of voting rights to the lower classes.
B) diminishment of the conditions of the lower classes.
C) a better standard of living for the lower classes.
D) mass leisure.
E) the "weekend" became established as a time of fun.

Question 77

After 1870, who replaced Great Britain as the leading industrial power in Europe?

A) France.
B) Germany.
C) Italy.
D) Holland.
E) Russia.

Question 78

In a cartel

A) a vertically integrated company worked to monopolize all business in its industry.
B) independent enterprises worked together to control prices and fix production quotas.
C) independent associations of grocers cooperated to artificially drive down prices.
D) private militias orchestrated intelligence gathering to diminish the police powers of modern nation states.
E) dependent enterprises worked with an overseeing organization to lower tariffs.

Question 79

The trade union movement prior to World War I

A) was strongest in France after the dissolution of the Second International in 1890.
B) occurred despite trade unions being banned by most governments.
C) varied from country to country, but was generally allied with socialist parties.
D) was primarily for unskilled laborers, especially the New Model unions.
E) focused entirely on wages and working conditions negotiated directly with employers without any government involvement in the process.

Question 80

By 1912, what was the single largest political party in Germany?

A) NAZIS.
B) Greens.
C) Social Democrats.
D) Bolsheviks.
E) Mensheviks.