Deck 28: cold War and a New Western World, 1945-1965

Question 1

Discuss the major social changes affecting the status, expectations, and ambitions of women that occurred in Western society form 1945 to 1970.

Answer 1

Not answer

Question 2

IDENTIFICATIONS
Berlin blockade

Answer 2

Not answer

Question 3

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Marshall Plan

Answer 3

Not answer

Question 4

Discuss the events that divided the world into two heavily armed camps capable of obliterating one another with nuclear weapons carried by intercontinental missile systems.

Question 5

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"missile gap"

Question 6

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Truman Doctrine

Question 7

Was the Cold War substantially different in Asia than in Europe?

Question 8

On balance, was the decade of the 1960s "constructive" or "destructive" or both? Discuss with examples.

Question 9

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the superpowers

Question 10

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CENTO and SEATO

Question 11

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Warsaw Pact

Question 12

Compare and contrast the political, social, and economic histories of Eastern Europe and Western Europe in the Post-War decades.

Question 13

What explains the long duration of the Cold War?

Question 14

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"containment"

Question 15

What were the major developments in domestic politics in Western Europe and how were they expressed in France, West Germany, and Great Britain? What efforts toward unity were made by Western European states? How did the policies of the United States affect those efforts?

Question 16

Compare and contrast Stalin's policies with those of Khrushchev's.

Question 17

IDENTIFICATIONS
NATO and COMECON

Question 18

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"massive retaliation"

Question 19

What were the major political developments in the history of the Soviet Union from 1945 to 1970? How did Soviet policies affect the history of Eastern Europe?

Question 20

Who benefited from the Cold War, and how?

Question 21

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Berlin Wall

Question 22

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Warsaw Pact

Question 23

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uhuru

Question 24

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Six-Day War

Question 25

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rapprochement

Question 26

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Bay of Pigs

Question 27

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Stalinization and deStalinization

Question 28

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Great Leap Forward

Question 29

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Ho Chi Minh

Question 30

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PLO, al-Fatah, and Yasir Arafat

Question 31

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African National Congress

Question 32

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apartheid

Question 33

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Cuban Missile Crisis

Question 34

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Mahatma Gandhi and an "orgy of blood"

Question 35

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Hungarian uprising

Question 36

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Vietnam War

Question 37

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Nikita Khrushchev

Question 38

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Sputnik I

Question 39

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Indian National Congress

Question 40

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Mao Zedong

Question 41

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Charles de Gaulle's Fifth Republic

Question 42

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Andy Warhol and Pop Art

Question 43

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Martin Luther King and "white backlash"

Question 44

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Simone de Beauvoir

Question 45

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European Coal and Steel Community

Question 46

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Samuel Beckett's Waiting for Godot

Question 47

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the "consumer society"

Question 48

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Christian Democratic parties

Question 49

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Great Britain's welfare state

Question 50

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Jackson Pollock and Abstract Expressionism

Question 51

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the Great Society

Question 52

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women's liberation movement

Question 53

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Elvis Presley and the Beatles

Question 54

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West Germany's "economic miracle"

Question 55

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EEC/Common Market

Question 56

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Pope John XXIII

Question 57

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Ingmar Bergman, Francois Truffaut, and Federico Fellini

Question 58

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the birth-control pill

Question 59

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existentialism and Jean Paul Sartre and Albert Camus

Question 60

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Konrad Adenauer

Question 61

The Warsaw Pact included all of the following nations except

A) Poland.
B) Bulgaria.
C) Yugoslavia.
D) Hungary.
E) Czechoslovakia.

Question 62

World War II not only devastated the countries, cities, peoples, and cultures of Europe, but also destroyed

A) American commitment to globalism in foreign policy.
B) European supremacy in world affairs.
C) any commitment of old and new nations around the globe to supranational bodies of diplomacy and conflict resolution.
D) the capacity of western European nations to forge lasting economic and cultural ties in the post-war world.
E) the trans-Atlantic partnership.

Question 63

The Communist military response to the formation of NATO was the

A) Moscow Alliance.
B) Warsaw Pact.
C) Eastern European Community.
D) Stalin Plan.
E) European Economic Community.

Question 64

The first area of conflict in the unfolding of the Cold War was

A) Scandinavia.
B) Western Europe.
C) North Africa.
D) Eastern Europe.
E) East Asia.

Question 65

In 1949, Chiang Kai-shek transferred the Chinese Nationalist government from the mainland to

A) Shanghai.
B) Hong Kong.
C) Kuala Lumpur.
D) Taiwan.
E) Tokyo.

Question 66

NATO is

A) a trade agreement.
B) a fabrication designed by the Central Intelligence Agency to mislead the Soviets.
C) an emergency relief agency.
D) a military alliance.
E) an international banking system.

Question 67

African independence parties were usually led by

A) Western-educated intellectuals.
B) unemployed urban workers.
C) Moscow-trained Communists.
D) disgruntled peasants, fearful of being besieged by western agricultural surpluses.
E) religious leaders, both Christian and Muslim.

Question 68

IDENTIFICATIONS
Korean War

Question 69

A key factor contributing to the development of the Cold War in Eastern Europe was

A) the withdrawal of victorious Russian armies from lands conquered during the campaign against Nazism.
B) raids by American troops pursuing German Nazi war criminals into areas of the former Third Reich under Russian control.
C) Stalin's desire to establish pro-Soviet governments in the countries of Eastern Europe to serve as a buffer zone against possible western attacks on the Soviet Union.
D) the domination of Austrian and Italian politics by popular pro-Communist parties.
E) the threat to continued instability by the rise of neo-fascist parties.

Question 70

The Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962 concluded with

A) improved communications between the US and the Soviet Union to prevent nuclear war.
B) the installation of Soviet missiles in Cuba.
C) the United States overthrowing Cuba's Soviet-supported government.
D) John Kennedy backing down to the threats of Nikita Khrushchev.
E) Fidel Castro giving up his military authority in the Cuban government, although he retained political control.

Question 71

The Truman Doctrine did all of the following except

A) condemn the victory of the Communists in the Chinese civil war.
B) call for $400 million in aid for nations threatened by aggression
C) assist in the defense of Greece and Turkey.
D) express America's fear of Communist expansion in Europe.
E) announce the United States' intention to support "free peoples" throughout the world.

Question 72

The Cold War policy adopted in the mid-1950s by the Eisenhower administration was

A) containment.
B) détente.
C) MAD (mutually assured destruction).
D) massive retaliation.
E) all of the above.

Question 73

Truman and his Western European allies responded to Stalin's blockade of Berlin in 1948 by

A) building the Berlin Wall.
B) airlifting supplies into Berlin.
C) bombing Moscow.
D) sending a UN force to reopen the access routes.
E) threatening nuclear war.

Question 74

An overall effect of the Korean War on the Cold War was

A) the Soviet Union's domination over all of Southeast Asia.
B) the end of American and Soviet involvement in Asian political affairs.
C) the reinforcement of the American determination to "contain" Soviet power.
D) a decrease in American defense spending since the capacity of the West to win the conflict outright on the battlefield demonstrated the superiority of modern weapons systems and no need to develop new war machines.
E) the continued willingness to use limited nuclear weapons in local wars.

Question 75

The origins of the Vietnam War, in part, lie in the process of decolonization because

A) the division of Vietnam into antagonistic northern and southern states occurred after Vietnamese military forces had defeated the French, former governors of the region.
B) the North Vietnamese employed mercenary soldiers from various new post-colonial African states in a local war of liberation.
C) the United Nations, seeking to establish the post-colonial principle of national self-determination, encouraged North Vietnamese radicals to break with the West.
D) the Japanese, having lost their former empire in the Pacific, now provoked unrest in continental Asia by attempting to achieve hegemony in the region.
E) the Soviets supported South Vietnam against North Vietnam, because the latter was a threat to Soviet hegemony in Asia.

Question 76

The Truman Doctrine was a consequence of a civil war in

A) Yugoslavia.
B) Greece.
C) Italy.
D) Czechoslovakia.
E) Poland.

Question 77

At the close of World War II, who inherited the European tradition of power politics?

A) China and the Soviet Union
B) independent peoples everywhere
C) the Soviet Union and the United States
D) the United States alone
E) nobody because nothing changed

Question 78

The policy created in 1947 and used by the Americans against Communism was called

A) massive retaliation.
B) containment.
C) appeasement.
D) curtailment.
E) mutually assured destruction (MAD).

Question 79

In June 1947, the United States initiated the European Recovery Program, better known as

A) the Domino Theory.
B) the Marshall Plan.
C) containment.
D) capitalism.
E) the Long Telegram.

Question 80

The event that immediately preceded and sparked the Cuban Missile Crisis was

A) the Berlin Wall.
B) Sputnik.
C) the death of Stalin.
D) the Bay of Pigs.
E) the attempted assassination of Fidel Castro by the CIA.