Deck 14: The Autonomic Nervous System

Question 1

The "resting and digesting" division of the autonomic nervous system is the .

A)peripheral nervous system
B)sympathetic division
C)parasympathetic division
D)somatic division

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The parasympathetic ganglion that serves the eye is the .

A)ciliary ganglion
B)pterygopalatine ganglion
C)otic ganglion
D)submandibular ganglion

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Control of temperature,endocrine activity,and thirst are functions associated with the _ _.

A)thalamus
B)hypothalamus
C)medulla
D)cerebellum

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Where would you not find an autonomic ganglion?

A)close to the visceral effectors they serve
B)in the cervical region
C)in the armpit
D)in the head

Question 5

Fibers that enter and leave the sympathetic chain without synapsing form structures called .

A)splanchnic nerves
B)white rami communicantes
C)spinal nerves
D)gray rami communicantes

Question 6

Which of the following is not a plexus of the vagus nerve?

A)esophageal
B)cardiac
C)pulmonary
D)celiac

Question 7

Cardiovascular effects of the sympathetic division include all except .

A)dilation of the blood vessels serving the skin and digestive viscera
B)increase of heart rate and force
C)dilation of the vessels serving the skeletal muscles
D)constriction of most blood vessels

Question 8

Visceral reflex arcs differ from somatic in that .

A)visceral arcs involve two motor neurons
B)visceral arcs do not use integration centers
C)visceral arcs contain two sensory neurons
D)somatic arcs contain one additional component that visceral arcs do not possess

Question 9

The secretions of the adrenal medulla act to supplement the effects of .

A)parasympathetic innervation
B)sympathetic stimulation
C)neurosecretory substances
D)vagus nerve activity

Question 10

The vagus nerve does not innervate the .

A)kidneys
B)gallbladder
C)pancreas
D)parotid gland

Question 11

Which of these effectors is not directly controlled by the autonomic nervous system?

A)cardiac muscle
B)smooth muscle
C)skeletal muscle
D)most glands

Question 12

Beta- blockers .

A)have widespread sympathetic effects
B)decrease heart rate and blood pressure
C)are potent antidepressants
D)increase a dangerously low heart rate

Question 13

Sympathetic responses generally are widespread because _ .

A)inactivation of ACh is fairly slow
B)preganglionic fibers are long
C)preganglionic fibers are short
D)NE and epinephrine are secreted into the blood as part of the sympathetic response

Question 14

The white rami communicantes .

A)carry preganglionic axons to the sympathetic chain
B)are found only in the C1- T1 cord segments
C)are unmyelinated
D)carry postganglionic fibers to the periphery

Question 15

Which of the following is not a result of parasympathetic stimulation?

A)elimination of urine
B)dilation of the pupils
C)salivation
D)increased peristalsis of the digestive viscera

Question 16

Erection of the penis or clitoris .

A)depends very little on autonomic activation
B)is primarily under parasympathetic control
C)is the result of coordinated activation by both sympathetic and parasympathetic input
D)is primarily under sympathetic control

Question 17

Raynaud's disease .

A)occurs primarily in association with injury to the spinal cord
B)is frequently life threatening
C)is characterized by exaggerated vasoconstriction in the extremities
D)is induced by heat stress

Question 18

Preparing the body for the "fight- or- flight" response is the role of the .

A)parasympathetic nervous system
B)somatic nervous system
C)sympathetic nervous system
D)cerebrum

Question 19

Parasympathetic functions include .

A)lens accommodation for close vision
B)allowing the body to cope with an external threat
C)a stimulation of heart rate and force of contraction
D)mobilizing storage energy sources

Question 20

Which sympathetic fibers form the splanchnic nerve?

A)those that synapse with somatic fibers
B)those that synapse with parasympathetic fibers
C)those that synapse in the same trunk ganglion they entered
D)those that pass through the trunk ganglion to synapse in collateral or prevertebral ganglia

Question 21

Two major classes of adrenergic receptors,_ and ,are found in the ANS.

Question 22

Over 90% of all parasympathetic fibers are derived from cranial nerve number .

A)X
B)VII
C)V
D)XII

Question 23

The parasympathetic division uses only as a neurotransmitter in the ganglionic neurons.

Question 24

Which of the following statements is not true?

A)Sympathetic division has short preganglionic and long postganglionic fibers; parasympathetic has long preganglionic and short postganglionic fibers.
B)Sympathetic origin is craniosacral; parasympathetic is thoracolumbar.
C)Sympathetic ganglia are within a few centimeters of the CNS; parasympathetic are close to visceral organs served.
D)Sympathetic has extensive branching of preganglionic fibers; parasympathetic has minimal branching of preganglionic fibers.

Question 25

Sympathetic nerves may leave the spinal cord at which vertebra?

A)third lumbar
B)first thoracic
C)second cervical
D)first coccyx

Question 26

A drug that might be used specifically to reduce heart rate in cardiac patients could be .

A)a beta- blocker
B)norepinephrine
C)epinephrine
D)anticholinesterase

Question 27

The route of major parasympathetic outflow from the head is via the .

A)vagus nerve
B)sacral nerve
C)sympathetic trunk
D)phrenic nerve

Question 28

The sympathetic division is often casually referred to as the system.

Question 29

Mark eats a very big meal in the evening.After the meal his wife would like him to help clean up,but Mark explains that he is "too tired" and promptly goes to sleep.What seems to be his problem?

Question 30

Which of the following does not describe the ANS?

A)a system of motor neurons that innervates all muscle cells
B)involuntary nervous system
C)general visceral motor system
D)a system of motor neurons that innervates smooth and cardiac muscle and glands

Question 31

Sympathetic division stimulation causes .

A)decreased blood glucose,increased GI peristalsis,and decreased heart rate and blood pressure
B)decreased blood glucose,increased GI peristalsis,and increased heart rate and blood pressure
C)increased blood glucose,decreased GI peristalsis,and increased heart rate and blood pressure
D)increased blood glucose,increased GI peristalsis,and decreased heart rate and blood pressure

Question 32

The parasympathetic tone .

A)prevents unnecessary heart deceleration
B)accelerates activity of the digestive tract
C)causes blood pressure to rise
D)determines normal activity of the urinary tract

Question 33

The only sympathetic preganglionic neuron to go directly to an organ is one branch of the
splanchnic nerve.

Question 34

The somatic and autonomic nervous systems differ in all of the following except .

A)all of the neurotransmitters
B)their efferent pathways
C)to some degree in target responses to their neurotransmitters
D)their effectors

Question 35

The possibility of some control over autonomic responses is demonstrated by _ .

A)stress- induced hypertension
B)biofeedback
C)nightmares
D)split brain studies

Question 36

Emotions influence autonomic reactions primarily through integration in the .

A)lateral horn of the spinal cord
B)lateral geniculate of the thalamus
C)hypothalamus
D)inferior colliculus

Question 37

Autonomic ganglia contain .

A)the cell bodies of motor neurons
B)synapses between postganglionic fibers and their effectors
C)both somatic afferent and efferent neurons
D)an outer connective tissue capsule around the cell bodies of preganglionic motor neurons

Question 38

Once a sympathetic preganglionic axon reaches a trunk ganglion,it can do all but which one of the following?

A)synapase with a ganglionic neuron in the same trunk ganglion
B)ascend or descend the trunk to synapse in another trunk ganglion
C)pass through the trunk ganglion without synapsing with another neuron
D)synapse with a parasympathetic neuron in the same trunk ganglion

Question 39

The two cholinergic receptor types are and .

Question 40

Carla was startled by an extremely loud bang that sounded like a gunshot.Her heartbeat accelerated rapidly.When she found that the noise was only a car backfiring,she felt greatly relieved but her heart kept beating heavily for over half an hour.Why did this happen?

Question 41

What studies have suggested that the ANS can also be subject to voluntary controls?

Question 42

Richard has been under great stress and has complained of migraine headaches for weeks.He tried all kinds of drugs,with little effect.When he was at the end of his rope,a friend suggested yoga and meditation.Having nothing to lose,he tried them and after several months,felt like a new person.How could these practices help him?

Question 43

How is hypertension high blood pressure)related to the ANS?

Question 44

Pain from the diaphragm will be referred to the anterior cutaneous area of the .

Question 45

Discuss a way in which the opposing ANS systems cooperate with each other.

Question 46

The receptor type is used by the heart,and when activated increases heart rate.

Question 47

Sweat glands are innervated by the fibers alone.

Question 48

The division alone stimulates the lens of the eye.

Question 49

Describe four paths a preganglionic sympathetic fiber may take to reach its synapse point with the ganglionic neuron.