Deck 13: The Peripheral Nervous System and Reflex Activity

Question 1

The nerve is not a branch of the trigeminal nerve.

A)ophthalmic
B)mandibular
C)maxillary
D)cervical

Answer 1

D

Question 2

As sound levels increase in the spiral organ of Corti),.

A)outer hair cells bend the cilia away from the kinocilium
B)inner hair cells stiffen the basilar membrane
C)outer hair cells stiffen the basilar membrane
D)inner hair cells bend the cilia away from the kinocilium

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Receptors for hearing are located in the _ _.

A)vestibule
B)semicircular canals
C)tympanic membrane
D)cochlea

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following is an incorrect statement regarding the occurrence of a sensation?

A)A generator potential in the associated sensory neuron must reach threshold.
B)The stimulus energy must be converted into the energy of a graded potential called a transduction potential.
C)The stimulus energy must occur within the receptor's receptive field.
D)The stimulus energy must match the specificity of the receptor.

Question 5

What is the main function of the rods in the eye?

A)color vision
B)vision in dim light
C)depth perception
D)accommodation for near vision

Question 6

A fracture of the ethmoid bone could result in damage to which cranial nerve?

A)accessory
B)vagus
C)glossopharyngeal
D)olfactory

Question 7

Feeling a gentle caress on your arm would likely involve all of the following except .

A)Meissner's corpuscles
B)hair follicle receptors
C)Pacinian corpuscles
D)tactile discs

Question 8

Which of the following structures is not part of the external ear?

A)external acoustic meatus
B)pinna
C)pharyngotympanic tube
D)tympanic membrane

Question 9

Ordinarily,it is not possible to transplant tissues from one person to another,yet corneas can be transplanted without tissue rejection.This is because the cornea .

A)has no blood supply
B)does not contain connective tissue
C)has no nerve supply
D)is not a living tissue

Question 10

The patellar "knee jerk" reflex is an example of an).

A)stretch reflex
B)stress reflex
C)extensor thrust reflex
D)crossed- extensor reflex

Question 11

Which of the follow types of neurons are replaced throughout adult life?

A)auditory outer and inner hair cells
B)retinal bipolar cells
C)retinal ganglion cells
D)olfactory receptor cells

Question 12

Pressure,pain,and temperature receptors in the skin are .

A)proprioceptors
B)mechanoreceptors
C)interoceptors
D)exteroceptors

Question 13

The receptor for static equilibrium is the .

A)utricle
B)cochlear duct
C)semicircular canals
D)macula

Question 14

The oval window is connected directly to which passageway?

A)pharyngotympanic tube
B)scala vestibuli
C)external acoustic meatus
D)scala tympani

Question 15

Which of the following nerves does not arise from the brachial plexus?

A)median
B)radial
C)phrenic
D)ulnar

Question 16

Taste buds are not found .

A)in filiform papillae
B)in fungiform papillae
C)in circumvallate papillae
D)lining the buccal cavity

Question 17

Nerves that carry impulses toward the CNS only are _.

A)efferent nerves
B)motor nerves
C)mixed nerves
D)afferent nerves

Question 18

Starting at the spinal cord,the subdivisions of the brachial plexus are in order):

A)divisions,roots,trunks,and cords
B)roots,trunks,divisions,and cords
C)trunks,divisions,cords,and roots
D)roots,divisions,cords,and trunks

Question 19

Problems in balance may follow trauma to which nerve?

A)accessory
B)vestibulocochlear
C)trigeminal
D)abducens

Question 20

A fall or an improperly delivered gluteal injection could result in .

A)postpoliomyelitis muscular atrophy
B)sciatica
C)neurofibromatosis
D)paresthesia

Question 21

The posterior side of the thigh,leg,and foot is served by the nerve.

A)femoral
B)obturator
C)tibial
D)common fibular

Question 22

What structure regulates the amount of light passing to the visual receptors of the eye?

A)lens
B)cornea
C)aqueous humor
D)iris

Question 23

Which receptors adapt most slowly?

A)smell receptors
B)touch receptors
C)nociceptors
D)pressure receptors

Question 24

A major nerve of the lumbar plexus is the .

A)femoral
B)iliohypogastric
C)ilioinguinal
D)sciatic

Question 25

The facial nerve is cranial nerve number .

Question 26

Potentially damaging stimuli that result in pain are selectively detected by .

A)interoceptors
B)proprioceptors
C)nociceptors
D)photoreceptors

Question 27

A patient who received a blow to the side of the skull exhibits the following signs and symptoms on that side of the face: he is unable to close his eye,and the corner of his mouth droops.Which cranial nerve has been damaged?

A)glossopharyngeal
B)accessory
C)facial
D)hypoglossal

Question 28

Nerve fibers from the medial aspect of each eye .

A)divide at the chiasma,with some crossing and some not crossing
B)go to the superior colliculus only
C)pass posteriorly without crossing over at the chiasma
D)cross over to the opposite side at the chiasma

Question 29

The trochlear nerve conveys proprioceptor impulses from the _ to the brain.

A)superior oblique muscle
B)inferior rectus muscle
C)medial rectus muscle
D)lateral rectus muscle

Question 30

The first "way station" in the visual pathway from the eye,after there has been partial crossover of the fibers in the optic chiasma,is the .

A)temporal lobe
B)lateral geniculate body of the thalamus
C)visual cortex
D)superior colliculi

Question 31

Farsightedness is more properly called _ .

A)myopia
B)hyperopia
C)presbyopia
D)hypopia

Question 32

List and describe the functions of the three cranial nerves that serve the muscles of the eye.

Question 33

After axonal injury,regeneration in peripheral nerves is guided by .

A)Schwann cells
B)Wallerian cells
C)dendrites
D)Golgi organs

Question 34

There are three layers of neurons in the retina.The axons of which of these neuron layers form the optic nerves?

A)bipolar cells
B)rod cells
C)ganglion cells
D)cone cells

Question 35

In the optic the visual fields of the axons are all ipsilateral.

Question 36

The cranial nerve with a dual origin brain and spinal cord)is the .

A)accessory
B)glossopharyngeal
C)vagus
D)hypoglossal

Question 37

Which of the following is true about gustatory receptors?

A)All gustatory receptors have the same threshold for activation.
B)In order for a chemical to be sensed,it must be hydrophobic.
C)The receptors generate an action potential in response to chemical stimuli.
D)Complete adaptation occurs in about one to five minutes.

Question 38

What is the chemical composition of the rod pigment,rhodopsin,and how does it appear to act in the reception of light?

Question 39

Select the statement that is most correct.

A)The cell bodies of afferent ganglia are located in the spinal cord.
B)The dorsal root ganglion is a motor- only structure.
C)Ganglia are collections of neuron cell bodies in the spinal cord that are associated with efferent fibers.
D)Ganglia associated with afferent nerve fibers contain cell bodies of sensory neurons.

Question 40

The perineurium defines the boundary of a .

Question 41

Mr.Smith staggered home after a long night at the local pub.While attempting to navigate the stairs,he passed out cold and lay all night with his right armpit straddling the staircase banister.When he awoke the next morning,he had a severe headache,but what bothered him more was that he had no sensation in his right arm and hand.Explain what caused this symptom in his arm.

Question 42

Contrast light and dark adaptation and include the role of the rods and cones.

Question 43

Complex motor behavior such as walking depends on _ patterns.

Question 44

How is a receptor potential similar to an excitatory postsynaptic potential EPSP)generated at a synapse?

Question 45

What is the normal response of the plantar reflex? What is Babinski's sign and what does it indicate?

Question 46

Distinguish between monosynaptic and polysynaptic reflexes and between ipsilateral and contralateral reflex responses.

Question 47

The middle ear ossicle is the .

Question 48

After head trauma from an automobile accident,a man has anosmia.Define anosmia.Why is this condition fairly common after such injuries and in cases of severe nasal cavity inflammation?

Question 49

The vestibulocochlear nerve first synapses with the in the medulla.

Question 50

Speculate about the benefit of having the nerve supply of the diaphragm,which is located in the thoracic- lumbar area of the spinal cord,arise from cervical nerves.

Question 51

Define Golgi tendon organs and muscle spindles relative to the stretch reflex.

Question 52

The are in the visual pathway and mediate the pupillary light reflexes.

Question 53

The nerve is the largest of the cranial nerves.

Question 54

Pain,temperature,and coarse touch are involved in the ascending pathways of the somatosensory system.

Question 55

The rocks found in one's head calcium carbonate crystals)are called .

Question 56

Which receptors are modified free- nerve endings found in the deeper levels of the epidermis?

Question 57

The oval window touches the stapes and the .

Question 58

Name an exteroceptor that is not a cutaneous receptor and explain why.

Question 59

Explain why your nose runs during and immediately after a good cry.

Question 60

is a protective reflex that also overrides the spinal pathways and prevents any other reflexes from using them at the same time.

Question 61

is the tingling sensation or numbness when blood has been cut off from an area,as when the foot "goes to sleep."

Question 62

When we hear a strange sound in a room,which aspect of sensory perception is activated?

Question 63

Ventral spinal cord roots contain _ fibers,while the dorsal roots contain fibers.

Question 64

The synapse of the olfactory nerves with the mitral cells is called a _.

Question 65

How does accommodation of muscle spindles figure in the importance of stretch routines as a warm- up for exercise?

Question 66

What is Wallerian degeneration?

Question 67

Information regarding skeletal muscle tension is provided by and muscle length by _ .

Question 68

Trace the pathway of sound as it enters the external ear until it is perceived in the brain.

Question 69

A pebble kicked up into a shoe causes the _ of localized deep pressure,but the
of it is an awareness of discomfort.

Question 70

The boundary of the retina is called the .