Deck 15: Crimes of the New Millennium

Question 1

__________________ refers to the use of the Internet,e-mail,or other electronic communication devices to pursue,harass,or threaten another person.

Answer 1

Cyberstalking

Question 2

________________ encompasses offenses that can be singular or ongoing but typically involves the theft and/or destruction of information,resources,or funds utilizing computers,computer networks,and the Internet.

Answer 2

Cybercrime

Question 3

Cybercrime is defined as:

A)a type of white-collar crime
B)a type of organized crime
C)a type of enterprise crime
D)a type of Internet crime

Answer 3

C

Question 4

__________________ can be viewed as an effort by covert forces to undermine the social,economic,and political systems of an enemy nation by destroying its electronic infrastructure and disrupting its economy.

Question 5

Illegally using the Internet to gather information considered private and confidential,whether by an estranged spouse or a foreign business competitor,is termed __________.

Question 6

________________________________takes place in more than one state or country and involves ongoing criminal enterprise groups whose ultimate purpose is personal economic gain through illegitimate means.

Question 7

There are three major types of Internet securities fraud: market manipulation,fraudulent offerings of securities,and _________________.

Question 8

Information technology (IT)is the key to the _______ system and is responsible for creating the globalization phenomenon.

A)business
B)Internet
C)economic
D)social

Question 9

Some cyber criminals are less motivated by profit than they are by the urge to commit ______________.Such criminals aim their malicious attacks at disrupting,defacing,and destroying technology that they find offensive.

Question 10

Which is viewed by the offender as a criminal benefit of cyber theft?

A)It offers the luxury of anonymity.
B)It offers far less competition from other thieves.
C)It offers the assurance of a light sentence if arrested and convicted.
D)It offers the assurance of non-arrest.

Question 11

_______ refers to cyber offenders who illegally obtain software and then "rip" or "crack" its copyright protection before posting it on the Internet for members of the group to use.

Question 12

______________ are malicious aggressors who seek implicit or explicit pleasure or profit through the mistreatment of other individuals.Instead of using their physical power,the power differential of these offenders may simply stem from their net proficiency.

Question 13

_________________ occurs when a person uses the Internet to steal someone's identity and/or impersonate the victim to open a new credit card account or conduct some other financial transaction.

Question 14

___________________ is induced by force,fraud,or coercion and facilitated by social problems and disorder,such as disruptions in the global economy,war and social unrest.

Question 15

Which of the following statements best reflects cybercrime?

A)As information technology evolves cyber criminals are increasingly replacing non-cyber offenders.
B)Innovation brings change and with it new opportunities to commit crime.
C)Despite the rapid evolution of cyber crime the justice system has managed to keep pace.
D)Cyber criminals have likely reached the height of innovation in terms of discovering new methods to commit crime via information technology.

Question 16

_____________ involves the creation of false e-mails and/or websites that look legitimate but are designed to gain illegal access to a victim's personal information.

Question 17

Computer viruses and worms are types of __________.

Question 18

The ___________________________is the first international treaty that addresses the definition and enforcement of cyber crime and focuses on improving investigative techniques and increasing cooperation among nations.

Question 19

Cybercrime presents a compelling challenge for the justice system and law enforcement community.What statement is false with regard to such challenges?

A)Cybercrimeis rapidly evolving with new schemes being created daily.
B)Cybercrime is difficult to detect through traditional law enforcement channels.
C)Cybercrime's control demands that agents of the justice system develop technical skills that match those of the perpetrators.
D)Cybercrime necessitates a lighter sentence due to limited state and federal laws.

Question 20

__________________ is aimed at undermining the social,economic,and political system of an enemy nation by destroying its electronic infrastructure and disrupting its economy.

Question 21

Not all instances of computer theft and fraud fall under common-law statues because the property stolen:

A)may be difficult to recover
B)may be intangible
C)may be difficult to identify
D)may be shipped overseas

Question 22

A _______________ is a program that is secretly attached to a computer system,monitors the network's work output,and waits for a particular signal such as a date to appear and then deletes or corrupts data.

A)virus
B)Trojan horse
C)logic bomb
D)worm

Question 23

What is the difference between a Trojan horse and a virus?

A)Trojan horses are benign applications.
B)Trojan horses do not replicate themselves.
C)Trojan horses are not as destructive.
D)Trojan horses can penetrate firewalls.

Question 24

What is not a common phishing scam?

A)Account verification scams where the victim is directed to a bogus website by clicking the legitimate-looking address.
B)The Nigerian 419 scam where an alleged representative of a foreign government asking the victim to help move money from one account to another.
C)Free credit report through Experian,TransUnion and Equifax.
D)An e-mail is received about a free gift or prize that requires the victim to send their credit card info to take care of shipping and handling.

Question 25

Cybervandals have developed a new form of "entertainment" called _____________ in which they call 911 and fake an emergency that draws a response from law enforcement in the form of special tactical teams.

A)e-hooking
B)e-tailing
C)vishing
D)swatting

Question 26

Identify theft is a type of cyber crime that has grown at surprising rates over the past few years.What statement is not true?

A)Identity theft can destroy a person's life by manipulating credit records or stealing from their bank accounts.
B)Opening new lines of credit is the most common goals of credit card thieves.
C)Some identity theft schemes are extremely elaborate.
D)Much is known about the extent of identity theft.

Question 27

Those who illegally obtain software and then "crack" or "rip" its copyright protections,before posting it on the Internet for other members of the group to use are engaging in:

A)mousetrapping
B)spamming
C)e-tailing
D)warez

Question 28

What "industry" has been particularly vulnerable to denial of service attacks?

A)financial institutions
B)nuclear power plants
C)online gambling casinos
D)defense industry manufacturers

Question 29

According to the U.S.Criminal Code,what is the penalty for a first-time offender who allows Internet users to download music and other copyrighted material without paying the artists and record producers their rightful royalties?

A)A fine of $25,000
B)A year in prison and a $10,000 fine
C)Five year prison term and a $250,000 fine
D)Five year incarceration term or a $500,000 fine

Question 30

What cyber crime involves failure to deliver on promised purchases or the substitution of cheaper or used material for higher quality purchases?

A)phishing
B)e-tailing
C)spamming
D)mousetrapping

Question 31

Attempts to extort money from legitimate users of an Internet service by threatening to prevent the users from having access to the service is called:

A)denial-of-service
B)web defacement
C)cyber terrorism
D)cyber vandalism

Question 32

When an identity thief creates false e-mails and/or websites that look legitimate but are designed to gain illegal access to a victim's personal information,it is called:

A)spamming
B)phishing
C)mousetrapping
D)warez

Question 33

It is difficult to prosecute and control Internet pornography because:

A)federal legislation has been successfully challenged in the courts under the First Amendment
B)as soon as one website is shutdown another emerges to fill the gap
C)nearly all Internet porn sites are based in foreign countries
D)federal legislation has lagged behind the Internet porn industry

Question 34

What is the most common form of spam?

A)e-mail
B)instant messaging
C)mobile phone messaging
D)Usenet newsgroups

Question 35

Computer worms are similar to viruses except that they use computer networks or the Internet to do what?

A)remain dormant for longer periods of time
B)"rip" or "crack" security codes
C)crash websites
D)self-replicate

Question 36

This crime occurs when individuals make securities recommendations and fail to disclose that they are being paid to disseminate their favorable opinions:

A)illegal touting
B)fraudulent offerings
C)market manipulation
D)deceptive priming

Question 37

Cyber vandals are generally more motivated by what?

A)thrill
B)need
C)greed
D)malice

Question 38

Theft through the illegal reproduction and distribution of movies,software,games,and music,is estimated to cost U.S.industries __________ worldwide each year.

A)$20 billion
B)$5 billion
C)$519 million
D)$500 million

Question 39

When pornography websites send consumers to other sites involuntarily it is known in the industry as:

A)tripping
B)mousetrapping
C)slagging
D)ping-ponging

Question 40

Website damage or defacement is a type of:

A)cyber vandalism
B)cyber terrorism
C)cyber espionage
D)cyber theft

Question 41

The premeditated,politically motivated attack against information,computer systems,computer programs,and data that result in violence against noncombatant targets by subnational groups or clandestine agents is termed:

A)cyber espionage
B)cyber spying
C)cyber terrorism
D)cyber botnetting

Question 42

Cyber bullying is the willful and repeated harm inflicted through the medium of electronic text.While traditional bullying involves a physical power differential between the victim and offender,cyber bullying involves:

A)an online power differential
B)a cyber spying power differential
C)a social power differential
D)Cyber bullying involves all these differentials.

Question 43

When referring to the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organization Act,which is accurate?

A)RICO contains only federally defined crimes.
B)RICO contains only state defined crimes.
C)RICO provides sanctions of 20 years in prison and a $25,000 fine.
D)RICO created new categories of crimes with sanctions of life imprisonment.

Question 44

What cyber crime has been committed when a person illegally uses the Internet to gather information that is considered private and confidential?

A)cyber terrorism
B)cyber spying
C)cyber stalking
D)cyber theft

Question 45

Which of the following is inaccurate with regard to the decline of Mafia power?

A)Reigning family heads are quite old.
B)The code of silence in now regularly broken by younger members.
C)Emerging ethnic gangs want to muscle in on traditional syndicate activities.
D)Younger members are not as educated as earlier generations.

Question 46

Under what circumstance can spam become a crime?

A)when it causes emotional distress to a victim
B)when it involves pornography
C)when it causes serious harm to a computer or network
D)when it involves an organized group of spammers

Question 47

Cybercrime is a new breed of offenses that involves the theft and/or destruction of information,resources,or funds utilizing computers,computer networks,or the Internet.

Question 48

What type of threat is represented by Titan Rain?

A)a cyber fraud threat
B)a cyber terrorism threat
C)a cyber espionage threat
D)Titan Rain does not represent a threat,it is security software

Question 49

Congress has treated computer-related crime as a distinct federal offense since the passage of the Counterfeit Access Device and Computer Fraud and Abuse Law in what year?

A)1974
B)1984
C)1996
D)1998

Question 50

Cybervandalism is motivated more by profit than a cyber criminals urge to seek revenge.

Question 51

Cyber terrorism may be a handy battlefield for terrorists because it can strike directly at what target that bombs will not effect?

A)the economy of an enemy
B)the defense infrastructure of an enemy
C)the hearts and minds of the citizens of an enemy
D)the energy infrastructure of an enemy

Question 52

Because cyber crime is essentially global,international cooperation is required for its control.Which of the following reflects this fact?

A)the International Information Infrastructure Protection Act
B)the Family Entertainment and Copyright Act
C)the Convention on Cybercrime
D)the Digital Millennium Copyright Act

Question 53

Internet securities fraud involves using the Internet to intentionally manipulate the securities marketplace for profit.

Question 54

It is believed that most organized crime income comes from narcotics distribution,internet pornography,and:

A)charitable funds
B)terrorism
C)human trafficking
D)labor unions

Question 55

Tricking others into harassing or threatening a victim by impersonating the victim on Internet bulletin boards and/or chat rooms is a type of:

A)federal offense
B)cyber terrorism
C)cyber stalking
D)e-tailing

Question 56

The widespread use of computers and the Internet has ushered in the age of IT in most industrialized societies.

Question 57

Indications are that the traditional organized crime syndicates are:

A)thriving and gaining "membership"
B)eroding and in decline
C)maintaining stability but only in large city "territories"
D)virtually nonexistent having been replaced by newer ethnic gangs

Question 58

The Convention on Cybercrime is the first international treaty that addresses the definition and enforcement of cyber crime.Which of the following is not inclusive of the treaty?

A)It focuses on improving investigative techniques and increasing cooperation among nations.
B)It includes a list of crimes that each signatory state must incorporate into their own law.
C)It limits law enforcement agencies' power by protecting Internet service providers from having to monitor people's online viewing habits.
D)It requires signatory states to cooperate whenever possible in the investigations and prosecution of cyber criminals.

Question 59

What is not a characteristic of transnational organize crime?

A)It is usually structured along hierarchical lines
B)Transnational organized crime has economic gain as its primary goal
C)Transnational criminal syndicates employ predatory tactics
D)Syndicates only provide illegal materials and do not engage in laundering money.

Question 60

File sharing is a type of illegal copyright infringement that allows users to download music and other copyrighted materials without paying royalties to the copyright holder.

Question 61

E-tailing is Internet jargon for the crime of cyber stalking.

Question 62

Define cyber crime.Explain why it is such an important concern in today's global economy.

Question 63

The younger generation of mob leaders stepping in to take control of the families seem to lack the skill and leadership of the older bosses.

Question 64

A turning point in the development of organized gangs occurred on when the Eighteenth Amendment to the U.S.Constitution was ratified prohibiting the sale manufacture,and transportation of intoxicating liquor.

Question 65

Commercial cyberspies target upcoming bids,customer lists,product designs,software source code,voice mail messages,and confidential e-mail messages.

Question 66

Cyber terrorism has been called "an effort by covert forces to disrupt the intersection where the virtual electronic reality of computers meets the physical world." Explain what this means and we should be concerned about cyber terrorism.

Question 67

The three main categories of cybercrime are cybertheft,cybervandalism,and cyberterrorism.Examine these categories of cyber crimes.

Question 68

The most typical use of cyberspace for destructive intent comes in the sending or implanting of disruptive programs.Compare and contrast each type of malware.

Question 69

Compare the relationship between identity theft and phishing ?

Question 70

The Convention on Cybercrime is an international treaty that addresses the definition and enforcement of transnational crime groups.

Question 71

A logic bomb,also called slag code,is a type of delayed-action virus that may be set off when a program user makes certain input that sets the slag code in motion.

Question 72

Provide some historical perspective on the evolution of organized crime and reasons for its decline in recent history.

Question 73

Define cyber-spying and discuss the motivations by those who engage in this behavior.

Question 74

Discuss transnational organized crime.What is its primary goal is and how it is achieved?

Question 75

Discuss the at least three legal and/or enforcement efforts implemented to control cybercrime.

Question 76

While cybercrime has been pervasive and rapidly evolving,law enforcement agencies at the federal,state,and local levels have managed to keep a step ahead of cyber offenders.

Question 77

Define illegal copyright infringement.Evaluate copyright infringement in its several forms.

Question 78

As a source of income for transnational organized crime,human traffickers import up to 50,000 women and children every year into the United States.

Question 79

Terrorist organizations are beginning to understand the power that cyber crime can inflict on their enemies even though,ironically,they may come from a region where the Internet is not widely used.

Question 80

Phishing is also known as spoofing and is defined as creating false e-mails or websites that look legitimate but are designed to gain illegal access to a victim's personal information.