Deck 16: Prevention of Substance Abuse

Question 1

Which of the following is not one of the propositions of the distribution of consumption model?

A) the proportion of heavy alcohol users in a given population is positively correlated with the mean level of alcohol consumption in that population
B) societies should reduce the negative consequences of alcohol use by restricting the availability of alcohol
C) the proportion of heavy alcohol users in a given population is positively correlated to the proportion of drug abusers
D) heavy alcohol consumption increases the probability of negative alcohol-related consequences

Answer 1

C

Question 2

prevention pertains to the avoidance of substance abuse before it has a chance to occur.

A) primary
B) secondary
C) tertiary
D) none of these

Answer 2

A

Question 3

One of the strongest proponents of the sociocultural model of prevention is .

A) Sully Ledermann
B) Rupert Wilkinson
C) William Bennett
D) Nancy Reagan

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The advertising efforts of the Partnership for a Drug-Free America are examples of the model of prevention.

A) sociocultural
B) distribution of consumption
C) proscriptive
D) harm reduction

Question 5

Which of the models of prevention is the most statistical and mathematical in nature?

A) sociocultural
B) distribution of consumption
C) proscriptive
D) harm reduction

Question 6

What is the goal of the sociocultural model of prevention?

A) changes in social norms regarding drinking
B) cessation of drinking
C) limiting the availability of alcohol
D) all of these

Question 7

The sociocultural model has been a cornerstone in efforts to prevent use.

A) alcohol
B) marijuana
C) opiates
D) cocaine
E) all of these

Question 8

prevention is used in the legal system response to substance misuse.

A) Primary
B) Secondary
C) Tertiary
D) none of these

Question 9

Wilkinson proposes that society should allow the serving of alcohol only .

A) to those over 21
B) at supervised public events
C) when food is available
D) to individuals who are not going to drive

Question 10

Advertising and education approaches to the problem of driving after drinking follow the model of prevention.

A) sociocultural
B) distribution of consumption
C) proscriptive
D) none of these

Question 11

Central to prevention is the early identification of drug problems.

A) primary
B) secondary
C) tertiary
D) none of these

Question 12

prevention includes treating persons who are beyond the early stages of substance abuse or dependence.

A) Primary
B) Secondary
C) Tertiary
D) none of these

Question 13

A TV spot emphasizing the need not to let friends drive drunk would be an example of prevention.

A) primary
B) secondary
C) tertiary
D) none of these

Question 14

Establishing firm taboos on drunkenness is one of the proposals in the model of prevention.

A) sociocultural
B) distribution of consumption
C) proscriptive
D) harm reduction

Question 15

The "Just Say No" advertising campaign is an example of prevention.

A) primary
B) secondary
C) tertiary
D) none of these

Question 16

The pioneering work in the development of the distribution of consumption model was done by .

A) Rupert Wilkinson
B) Nancy Reagan
C) Sully Ledermann
D) William Bennett

Question 17

One goal of prevention is development of responsible attitudes and/or substance use behaviors.

A) primary
B) secondary
C) tertiary
D) none of these

Question 18

Which of the following is not a part of the sociocultural model of prevention?

A) unacceptable drinking should be defined
B) drinking should be integrated into a broader social context
C) society should raise the price of alcohol relative to disposable income
D) alcohol should be served only when food is available

Question 19

Educational programs used with youthful offenders first arrested for drug possession are an example of ____________ prevention.

A) primary
B) secondary
C) tertiary
D) none of these

Question 20

Substance abuse treatment is basically equivalent to prevention.

A) primary
B) secondary
C) tertiary
D) none of these

Question 21

are the most frequently used vehicles for mass media prevention efforts.

A) newspapers
B) TV and radio
C) billboards
D) films

Question 22

The most widely used resistance-oriented prevention program is .

A) MADD
B) SADD
C) DARE
D) SOS

Question 23

School alcohol education classes are an example of prevention.

A) primary
B) secondary
C) tertiary
D) none of these

Question 24

programs typically emphasize exploration of one's own needs and beliefs regarding drugs.

A) worksite
B) alternative behavior
C) resistance-skills training
D) affect-oriented

Question 25

Which of the following is not true of school education strategies?

A) in the past, teachers often were not trained in alcohol education
B) students increase drug use in the short run
C) students increase their knowledge about substances
D) education significantly changes drug use patterns

Question 26

Where are alcohol prevention efforts most likely to be effective?

A) elementary school
B) junior high school
C) high school
D) college

Question 27

Vocational training or developing a new hobby would be elements of an prevention program.

A) affect-oriented
B) alternative behavior
C) resistance-skills training
D) harm reduction

Question 28

When are students most likely to respond to smoking education programs?

A) 2nd grade
B) 6th grade
C) 9th grade
D) 12th grade

Question 29

Young children turn primarily to their when looking for models of appropriate behavior.

A) peers
B) teachers
C) parents
D) siblings

Question 30

programs often involve values clarification and decision making.

A) Affect-oriented
B) Workplace
C) Parent-focused
D) Mass media

Question 31

Raising the price of alcohol relative to disposable income is an example of a prevention strategy following the ___________ model.

A) sociocultural
B) distribution of consumption
C) proscriptive
D) harm reduction

Question 32

The Prohibition era in the U.S. followed the model.

A) sociocultural
B) distribution of consumption
C) proscriptive
D) harm reduction

Question 33

The Principles of Drug Abuse Prevention published by NIDA in 2003 do not address .

A) the family
B) school
C) the community
D) the workplace

Question 34

argue(s) that lowering the legal drinking age from 21 to 18 years of age would reduce binge drinking on college campuses.

A) MADD
B) The Governor's Highway Safety Association
C) The Amethyst Initiative
D) Rupert Wilkinson
E) all of the above

Question 35

Which of the following are criticisms of the distribution of consumption model?

A) it does not recognize that normal drinkers and heavy drinkers may react differently to reductions in alcohol availability
B) it provides no insights as to why people drink
C) it may increase bootlegging
D) all of these

Question 36

The Drug Abuse Resistance Education program is typically aimed at graders.

A) third and fourth
B) fifth and sixth
C) eighth and ninth
D) eleventh and twelfth

Question 37

DARE programs are led by .

A) parents
B) teachers
C) law enforcement officers
D) counselors

Question 38

Which of the following is not true of mass media prevention strategies?

A) they produce significant changes in attitudes
B) they raise knowledge levels
C) most campaigns regarding alcohol abuse in recent years have focused on decreasing the incidence of driving under the influence
D) most involve short slogan-type messages

Question 39

Which of the following is not true of the proscriptive model?

A) it is the most effective of the 3 prevention strategies
B) availability of the substance should be prohibited
C) individuals should abstain from substance use
D) it is currently used in prevention of marijuana use in most states

Question 40

Legislation requiring warning labels on alcoholic beverages became law in .

A) 1921
B) 1948
C) 1972
D) 1989

Question 41

Which of the following describes workplace strategies?

A) their effectiveness is rarely measured
B) most programs focus on primary rather than secondary prevention
C) they are widespread
D) all of these

Question 42

Which of the following is not an example of a "social norms approach" information dissemination strategy used by college campuses?

A) web sites
B) DARE programs
C) orientation programs
D) campus posters
E) all of the above are commonly used strategies

Question 43

Which of the following strategies were used in the University of Washington's prevention program?

A) posters
B) campus flyers
C) development of stress-management skills
D) all of these
E) none of these

Question 44

Which of the following is not an advantage of workplace prevention programs?

A) they serve adults who are still functioning well
B) employees are a captive audience
C) confidentiality
D) improves employee morale

Question 45

Estimates are that around % of college student drinkers can be considered heavy drinkers.

A) 5
B) 10
C) 25
D) 40

Question 46

The University of Washington's program uses a harm-reduction philosophy.

A) DARE
B) MADD
C) BASIC
D) SMART

Question 47

Prevention has consistently been given high priority by professionals over the years.

Question 48

Which of the following decreased after students participated in the University of Washington's prevention program?

A) number of drinks per week
B) peak blood alcohol level reached per week
C) hour per week with a blood alcohol level exceeding .05590
D) all of these

Question 49

programs are examples of worksite prevention programs.

A) EAP
B) DARE
C) MADD
D) SOS

Question 50

NIDA's Principles of Drug Abuse Prevention suggests different targets for prevention efforts for different stages of
schooling from preschool through high school.

Question 51

Server interventions or dram shop laws arise from the model of prevention.

A) sociocultural
B) distribution of consumption
C) proscriptive
D) harm reduction

Question 52

In workplace programs, prevention often involves identifying substance abusers and arranging for treatment.

A) primary
B) secondary
C) tertiary
D) none of these

Question 53

What percentage of college students report having experienced alcohol-related academic problems?

A) 10%
B) 25%
C) 50%
D) 75%

Question 54

Alcohol abusers would be the ones most likely to respond to increases in prices.

Question 55

policies focus on decreasing the negative consequences of drug use for the individual and the community.

A) Sociocultural prevention
B) Distribution of consumption
C) Proscriptive prevention
D) Harm reduction

Question 56

Raising the minimum drinking age is an example of a distribution of consumption model strategy.

Question 57

One advantage of the sociocultural model is that it is applicable to every part of the world.

Question 58

The goals of tertiary prevention are to avoid further deterioration of individuals' functioning.

Question 59

Rupert Wilkinson argues that we need to get more emotional about the drug problem.

Question 60

The main strength of the proscriptive model is its simplicity.

Question 61

Evaluations of programs that focus on developing alternatives to drug use have not revealed any particular benefits in terms of substance use behavior.

Question 62

What is Project DARE? How has it been implemented? What do evaluations of these programs tell us?

Question 63

A disadvantage to employers of workplace substance abuse prevention is its cost.

Question 64

Briefly describe what is involved in the following:
a. affect-oriented programs
b. workplace programs
c. programs for college students

Question 65

One problem with alcohol education programs is that they focus on children when they are too young to form attitudes about alcohol.

Question 66

The Montana Meth Project succeeded in reducing methamphetamine use by targeting distinct ethnic groups.

Question 67

Alcohol-related problems in colleges have decreased over the last 20 years.

Question 68

State laws regarding high school alcohol and drug education have not been translated in any systematic way into comprehensive instructional programs.

Question 69

Describe the proscriptive model. What are its strengths and weaknesses? Give examples.

Question 70

NIDA's Principles of Drug Abuse Prevention has had little impact on the development and implementation of
prevention programs.

Question 71

Campaigns on drunk driving consistently raise knowledge levels.

Question 72

Define and give examples of:
a. primary prevention
b. secondary prevention
c. tertiary prevention

Question 73

Describe the sociocultural model of prevention. What are its strengths and weaknesses? Give examples.

Question 74

What are the characteristics of harm-reduction prevention policies?

Question 75

Parents have not been used in prevention programs because, too often, they are the problem.

Question 76

Education and mass media strategies get the majority of resources allotted to prevention programs.

Question 77

Empirical research evaluating the DARE program has demonstrated strong support for the program's effectiveness.

Question 78

Describe the distribution of consumption model. What are its strengths and weaknesses? Give examples.