Deck 49: The Child With Alterations in Cardiovascular Function

Question 1

A diagnosis of rheumatic fever is being ruled out for a child.Which of the following is the lab test the nurse should teach the parents that will determine whether there was a recent streptococcal infection?

A)A throat culture
B)Antistreptolysin-O (ASLO)
C)Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
D)C-reactive protein

Answer 1

Antistreptolysin-O (ASLO)

Question 2

The nurse is teaching parents about caring for their child after cardiac surgery.Which of the following should be included in the instructions?

A)The child will be restricted from most play activities.
B)The child will receive prophylactic antibiotics for any dental,oral,or upper respiratory tract procedures.
C)The child will not receive routine immunizations.
D)The child will have a fever for several weeks following the surgery.

Answer 2

The child will receive prophylactic antibiotics for any dental,oral,or upper respiratory tract procedures.

Question 3

Which of the following is the priority nursing intervention for a stable infant who has supraventricular tachycardia?

A)Application of ice to the face
B)Administration of intravenous adenosine (Adenocard)
C)Administration of intravenous amiodarone (Cordarone)
D)Preparation for cardioversion

Answer 3

Application of ice to the face

Question 4

The nurse has admitted a child with a ventricular septal defect to the unit.Which of the following is an appropriate nursing diagnosis for this child?

A)Impaired gas exchange related to pulmonary congestion secondary to the increased pulmonary blood flow
B)Fluid volume,deficient related to hyperthermia secondary to the congenital heart defect
C)Acute pain related to the effects of a congenital heart defect
D)Hypothermia related to decreased metabolic state

Question 5

Which of the following is an athletic activity the nurse could recommend for a school-age child with pulmonary artery hypertension?

A)Cross-country running
B)Soccer
C)Golf
D)Basketball

Question 6

The nurse is checking peripheral perfusion to a child's extremity following a cardiac catheterization.If there is adequate peripheral circulation,how should the extremity feel?

A)Cool,with a capillary refill of greater than 3 seconds
B)With a palpable dorsalis pedis pulse but an absent posterior tibial pulse
C)Decreased sensation,with an absent dorsalis pedis pulse
D)Warm,with a capillary refill less than 3 seconds

Question 7

The nurse finds that an infant has stronger pulses in the upper extremities than in the lower extremities and higher blood pressure readings in the arms than in the legs.This could be indicative of which heart defect?

A)Patent ductus arteriosus
B)Atrial septal defect
C)Transposition of the great vessels
D)Coarctation of the aorta

Question 8

The nurse has admitted a child with a cyanotic heart defect.Which initial lab result would the nurse expect to find?

A)High hemoglobin
B)Low hematocrit
C)High white blood cell count
D)Low platelet count

Question 9

A child has been admitted to the hospital unit in congestive heart failure (CHF).Which symptom related to this admission diagnosis would the nurse expect?

A)Weight loss
B)Bradycardia
C)Tachycardia
D)Increased blood pressure

Question 10

A child presents to the Emergency Department with cardiac pump failure,and subsequently develops hypovolemic shock.Which assessment finding would the nurse recognize as an indicator of early hypovolemic shock?

A)Decreased blood pressure
B)Weak central pulses
C)Pale,cold skin
D)Tachycardia

Question 11

A child is admitted with infective endocarditis.Which of the following is the nurse's priority action?

A)Start an intravenous line.
B)Place the child in contact isolation.
C)Place the child on seizure precautions.
D)Assist with a lumbar puncture.

Question 12

An infant with tetralogy of Fallot is having a hypercyanotic episode.Which of the following nursing interventions should the nurse implement? Select all that apply.

A)Place the child in knee-chest position.
B)Draw blood for a serum hemoglobin.
C)Administer oxygen.
D)Administer morphine and propranolol intravenously as ordered.
E)Administer Benadryl as ordered.

Question 13

An infant has been diagnosed with a mild cyanotic heart defect.Surgery to correct the defect will not be performed for at least 2 years.Which of the following would be included in discharge teaching for this child? The child should:

A)Maintain normal activity.
B)Be placed on bedrest.
C)Not be given antipyretics.
D)Have a low-grade fever until the defect is repaired.

Question 14

A toddler has been started on Lanoxin (digoxin)for cardiac failure.For which of the following should the nurse be alert?

A)Lowered blood pressure
B)Tinnitus
C)Ataxia
D)Nausea and vomiting

Question 15

A child has had a heart transplant.Which of the following statements by the parents indicates that postoperative teaching has been effective?

A)"Our child is on cyclosporine A to reduce serum cholesterol level."
B)"Our child is on cyclosporine A to prevent rejection"
C)"Our child is on cyclosporine A to treat hypertension."
D)"Our child is on cyclosporine A to treat infections."