Deck 4: Conception and Fetal Development

Question 1

The placenta produces hormones that are vital to the function of the fetus.Which hormone is primarily responsible for the maintenance of pregnancy past the eleventh week?

A)Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
B)Human placental lactogen (hPL)
C)Estrogen
D)Progesterone

Answer 1

Progesterone

Question 2

A woman is seven months pregnant,and has come to the obstetrical clinic for a routine prenatal examination.During the assessment,the nurse hears a soft blowing sound above the mother's symphysis pubis.The rate of sound is synchronous with the mother's heartbeat.The nurse identifies this as:

A)A normal sound called funic souffle.
B)A normal sound called uterine souffle.
C)An abnormal sound representing an aortic aneurysm.
D)An abnormal sound representing a false knot in the cord.

Answer 2

A normal sound called uterine souffle.

Question 3

A client tells you that her mother was a twin,two of her sisters have twins,and several cousins either are twins or gave birth to twins.The client,too,is expecting twins.Because there is a genetic predisposition to twins in her family,there is a good chance that the cleint will have:

A)Dizygotic twins.
B)Monozygotic twins.
C)Identical twins.
D)Nonzygotic twins.

Answer 3

Dizygotic twins.

Question 4

In evaluating information taught about conception and fetal development,the client verbalizes understanding about transportation time of the zygote through the fallopian tube and into the cavity of the uterus with which statement?

A)"It will take at least 3 days for the egg to reach the uterus."
B)"It will take 8 days for the egg to reach the uterus."
C)"It will only take 12 hours for the egg to go through the fallopian tube."
D)"It will take 18 hours for the fertilized egg to implant in the uterus."

Question 5

During a prenatal examination,a client asks,"How does my baby get air?" The nurse would give correct information by saying:

A)"The lungs of the fetus carry out respiratory gas exchange in utero."
B)"The placenta assumes the function of the fetal lungs by supplying oxygen and allowing the excretion of carbon dioxide into your bloodstream."
C)"The blood from the placenta is carried through the umbilical artery,which penetrates the abdominal wall of the fetus."
D)"The fetus is able to obtain sufficient oxygen because your hemoglobin concentration is 50% greater during pregnancy."

Question 6

The process of implantation is characterized by which of following processes? Select all that apply.

A)The trophoblast attaches itself to the surface of the endometrium.
B)The most frequent site of attachment is the lower part of the anterior uterine wall.
C)Between 7 and 10 days,the zona pellucida disappears and the blastocyst implants itself in the uterine lining.
D)The lining of the uterus thins below the implanted blastocyst.
E)The cells of the trophoblast grow down into the uterine lining,forming the chorionic villi.

Question 7

If only a small volume of sperm is discharged into the vagina,an insufficient amount of enzymes might be released when they encounter the ovum.In that case,pregnancy would probably not result,because:

A)Peristalsis of the fallopian tube would decrease,making it difficult for the ovum to enter the uterus.
B)The block to polyspermy (cortical reaction)would not occur.
C)The fertilized ovum would be unable to implant in the uterus.
D)Sperm would be unable to penetrate the zona pellucida of the ovum.

Question 8

Which of the following facilitates movement of the ovum through the fallopian tube and toward the uterus?

A)Estrogen-induced tubal peristalsis
B)Progesterone-induced cervical mucus changes
C)Motions of the fallopian fimbriae
D)Movements of the corona radiata of the ovum

Question 9

The cell division process that results in two identical cells,each with the same number of chromosomes as the original cell,is called:

A)Meiosis.
B)Mitosis.
C)Oogenesis.
D)Gametogenesis.

Question 10

At her first prenatal visit,a woman and the nurse are discussing fetal development.The client asks,"When will my baby actually have a heartbeat?" The nurse should reply,"The heartbeat of an embryo is distinguishable by week number _____ of development."

Question 11

The nurse is prsenting information on pregnancy and fetal development.To evaluate learing,the nurse asks the students: "When a female reaches adolescence,the ova continue to divide.How many chromosomes do the resulting cells then have?"

A)46 double-structured chromosomes
B)46 single chromosomes
C)23 double-structured chromosomes
D)23 single chromosomes

Question 12

Which of the following would be typical of a fetus at 20 weeks? Select all that apply.

A)The fetus has a body weight of 435-465 g.
B)The fetus actively sucks and swallows amniotic fluid.
C)The kidneys begin to produce urine.
D)Nipples appear over the mammary glands.
E)Lanugo covers the entire body.

Question 13

The fetus is wrinkled,is covered with vernix,opens and closes eyelids,and has physiologically immature lungs that would sufficiently provide gas exchange.What gestational age is this fetus?

A)23 weeks
B)25 weeks
C)30 weeks
D)34 weeks

Question 14

Prenatal influences on the intrauterine environment include which of the following? Select all that apply.

A)The use of saunas or hot tubs
B)The use of drugs
C)The quality of the sperm or ovum
D)Maternal nutrition
E)Vitamins and folic acid

Question 15

For fertilization to occur,what portion of the sperm must enter the ovum?

A)The entire sperm
B)Only the head
C)Only the tail
D)Either the head or the tail