Deck 19: Geriatrics

Question 1

In the term sarcopenia, the suffix means

A)a condition
B)pertaining to
C)flesh
D)deficiency
E)production

Answer 1

deficiency

Question 2

The medical term that refers to the inability to prevent the discharge of urine or feces is ________.

Answer 2

Incontinence

Question 3

Identify the root and its meaning in the term dementia.

A)ia; condition
B)de; without
C)dement; old age
D)mentia; brain
E)ment; mind

Answer 3

ment; mind

Question 4

Changes which occur in the special senses as a person ages include all the following EXCEPT

A)presbyopia
B)cataracts
C)increased cerumen production
D)ossicles become stiffer
E)a decline in the number of cochlear hair cells

Question 5

The plural form of the singular term lentigo is

A)lentigos
B)lentigoes
C)lentigum
D)lentigines
E)lentiges

Question 6

In the term sarcopenia, the root/combining form means

A)deficiency
B)flesh
C)sacrum
D)condition
E)pertaining to

Question 7

The study of the social, mental, and physical aspects of aging is called

A)gerontology
B)gerontologist
C)geriatrics
D)geriatrician
E)geriontologist

Question 8

The leakage of urine when coughing, laughing, sneezing, or bending over due to weak bladder muscles is called

A)urge incontinence
B)stress incontinence
C)overflow incontinence
D)functional incontinence
E)mixed incontinence

Question 9

The age to which individual humans aspire to live and the process of getting there is called

A)aging
B)senescence
C)life span
D)life expectancy
E)longevity

Question 10

The prefix in the term polypharmacy means

A)extra
B)many
C)increased
D)drugs
E)routes of administration

Question 11

A physician trained in the care of elderly individuals is called a

A)gerontologist
B)geriatrician
C)geriatrics
D)gerontology
E)gerontist

Question 12

The average length of life for any given population is called

A)aging
B)life expectancy
C)life span
D)longevity
E)senescence

Question 13

A specialist in the study of disease or the characteristics of a disease is a ________.

Question 14

A synonym for the term aging is

A)geriatrics
B)Alzheimer disease
C)dementia
D)senescence
E)longevity

Question 15

The most common form of dementia is ________ ________.

Question 16

A wasting, or diminished volume of a tissue or organ is called ________.

Question 17

A term derived from the Latin meaning knowledge is

A)dementia
B)delirium
C)hallucination
D)cognition
E)heredity

Question 18

All the following statements regarding changes in the integumentary system related to senescence are true EXCEPT

A)the skin thickens and loses elasticity
B)wrinkles appear, and the skin hangs loose
C)hair becomes thinner and grayer
D)melanocytes die, and age spots appear
E)changes in the integumentary system begin in a person's forties

Question 19

________ is the medical term that refers to an unfavorable response to medical or surgical treatment, caused by the treatment itself.

A)Incontinence
B)Iatrogenic
C)Exacerbation
D)Instability
E)Sequel

Question 20

The root in the term hallucination means

A)imagination
B)process
C)illusion
D)perception
E)visual

Question 21

In one of the theories of senescence, antioxidants are thought to act by

A)causing a total and permanent cessation of all vital functions
B)using oxygen in the body to protect cells from damage
C)killing bacteria resistant to other common agents
D)preventing cell damage by removing free radicals
E)reversing damage to neurons

Question 22

Which of the following terms has a word element meaning reduce suffering?

A)Palliative
B)Longevity
C)Vegetative
D)Terminal
E)Hospice

Question 23

A lentigo is

A)an age-related change in the vascular system.
B)a type of dementia.
C)an age spot.
D)the duration of life beyond the normal expectation.
E)a neurological deterioration.

Question 24

The P in the abbreviation PVS stands for

A)palliative
B)polyp
C)persistent
D)permanent
E)postmortem

Question 25

Which of the following terms means characteristic of old age?

A)Aging
B)Senile
C)Geriatrics
D)Senescence
E)longevity

Question 26

A synonym for the medical term autopsy is

A)dissection
B)postmortem
C)coroner
D)pathology
E)mortician

Question 27

Which of the following changes in the respiratory system does NOT occur because of the aging process?

A)The lungs become more elastic.
B)The lungs become less elastic.
C)The rib cage becomes less flexible.
D)The number of alveoli is reduced.
E)Hypoxic changes occur in other organ systems.

Question 28

A type of facility or program that provides care to the dying and their families is ________.

Question 29

Tough rules on the privacy of medical information is mandated by the

A)CDC
B)NIH
C)HIPAA
D)DNR
E)POLST

Question 30

A legal document signed by the patient dealing with the types and extent of medical treatment the person wishes to have during the process of dying is called a (n)

A)DNR order
B)HIPAA
C)POLST
D)advance medical directive
E)medical (durable)power of attorney

Question 31

A patient who refuses CPR would have which of the following abbreviations in the living will?

A)HIPAA
B)POLST
C)DNR
D)PVS
E)MCS

Question 32

The name of the document in which a person appoints another person to make medical decisions on their behalf when that person is unable to do so is called a

A)living will
B)DNR order
C)HIPAA authorization
D)medical (durable)power of attorney
E)POLST

Question 33

Of the following statements, which one best describes the changes in the urinary system due to senescence?

A)Blood flow to the kidneys increases
B)Urine output increases
C)Control of blood pressure is lost
D)Kidney function decreases
E)The risk of UTIs decreases

Question 34

A flat EEG is indicative of which of the following conditions?

A)Minimally conscious state
B)Persistent vegetative state
C)Brain death
D)Dementia
E)Alzheimer disease

Question 35

Which of the following statements best describes the changes that occur in the skeletal system as a person ages?

A)A person's bones begin to soften as they age.
B)Osteoporosis results in increased deposition within the bone.
C)A person develops more synovial fluid and thicker articular cartilage.
D)Bones become brittle and can break, especially in women after menopause.
E)The bone-forming and bone-destroying cells are not involved.

Question 36

Which of the following terms has a suffix meaning state of?

A)Glaucoma
B)Integrate
C)Longevity
D)Senescence
E)Senility

Question 37

The two documents contained within an advance medical directive are a

A)HIPAA and a DNR
B)PVS and an MCS
C)living will and a DNR
D)medical (durable)power of attorney and a HIPAA
E)living will and a medical (durable)power of attorney

Question 38

The root in the term vegetative means

A)growth
B)vegetable
C)brain dead
D)immobile
E)shrinkage

Question 39

Read this selection: Atherosclerotic plaques narrow arteries and trigger thrombosis, leading to strokes and heart attacks.In veins, valves become weaker, and blood flows back and pools in the legs, leading to poor venous return to the heart and heart failure.Which of the following statements best describes a patient with this condition?

A)Vessels are dilated.
B)Cardiovascular accidents are unlikely.
C)This usually occurs in children and adolescents.
D)The circulatory system is functioning well.
E)Clotting and MI are complications.

Question 40

The R in the abbreviation DNR stands for

A)relief
B)remedy
C)resuscitate
D)remove
E)respond

Question 41

Lentigo is a normal consequence of

A)polypharmacy
B)senescence
C)presbyopia
D)delirium
E)Alzheimer disease

Question 42

An acute altered state of consciousness with agitation and disorientation is called

A)senescence
B)delusion
C)delirium
D)hallucination
E)dementia

Question 43

The term for difficulty in balance is

A)instability
B)immobility
C)incontinence
D)dementia
E)visuospatial

Question 44

The incidence of rheumatoid arthritis increases as people age because

A)the body might generate autoimmune-altered molecules with advanced age.
B)aging often brings about muscle atrophy with associated weakness.
C)the cartilage of joints normally wears down with age.
D)the body decreases the production of collagen, starting at age 30.
E)diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis can take a long time before signs and symptoms become apparent.

Question 45

The overall term for diseases characterized by a decline in memory and cognitive (thinking)skills is

A)atrophy
B)senility
C)dementia
D)lentigo
E)delirium

Question 46

Care that is given to a patient to keep a patient comfortable rather than to save them from dying is called ________ care.

A)palliative
B)iatrogenic
C)resuscitative
D)curative
E)comfort

Question 47

A 78-year-old female patient needing a yearly physical exam would consult a physician specializing in

A)geriatrics
B)orthopedics
C)gynecology
D)urology
E)cardiology

Question 48

An EEG is a useful test to help determine

A)the degree of osteoporosis a person has
B)if a cardiac arrhythmia is present
C)a person's renal function
D)whether brain death is present
E)whether early onset Alzheimer disease is present

Question 49

A state that differs from MCS and PVS, in which an individual is unresponsive and keeps his eyes closed, is a ________.

Question 50

Choose the statement that indicates the longevity of Americans is increasing.

A)The incidence of Alzheimer disease is decreasing annually.
B)The American culture is changing, placing a higher value on the aged population.
C)The pharmaceutical industry is developing flu vaccines.
D)The number of people older than 80 years old is expected to increase by 1 million from 2010 to 2020.
E)One in seven individuals, or almost 15% of the population, is 65 or older.

Question 51

As a person ages, the function of the immune system declines.Which of the following activities would be best to protect an elderly person against disease transmission?

A)Have a physical examination done on a yearly basis.
B)Limit contact with relatives and friends during the winter months.
C)Stay indoors as much as possible.
D)Receive a yearly influenza vaccine and other vaccines as needed.
E)Take a multivitamin daily.

Question 52

Which of the following statements regarding the administration of medications to elderly individuals is accurate?

A)Multiple medications can be given to elderly individuals without problems.
B)When giving multiple medications to elderly individuals, the dosage of each medication must be reduced by half.
C)Medication dosages may need to be adjusted in the elderly based on liver or kidney impairment.
D)Elderly individuals should never be given more than five medications simultaneously.
E)Medications administered to elderly individuals in the evening are better tolerated than if they are given in the morning.

Question 53

The prefix in the term antioxidant means

A)oxidize
B)against
C)free
D)forming
E)before

Question 54

Mrs.Fischer, an 88-year-old female, was brought to the doctor's office to see the nurse practitioner by her adult son.He states that over the past six months, she frequently believes she is back in her high school days.The nurse practitioner suspects she might be suffering from

A)instability
B)incontinence
C)dementia
D)hallucinations
E)delirium

Question 55

The type of care that hospice provides is typically

A)acute
B)intensive
C)palliative
D)emergency
E)rehabilitative

Question 56

The term that is used to refer to the transmission of characteristics from parents to offspring through genes is

A)genetics
B)genealogy
C)geriatrics
D)pediatrics
E)heredity

Question 57

The abbreviation that means an unintended result from taking a medication is

A)OTC
B)ADE
C)DNR
D)MCS
E)PDA

Question 58

Mr.Han would like his daughter to make his medical decisions should he become unable to make them for himself.What does Mr.Han need to do?

A)Complete a living will.
B)Ask the physician assistant to write the order in his medical chart.
C)Appoint his daughter as his medical power of attorney.
D)Request a DNR order.
E)Ask his daughter to sign the HIPAA form

Question 59

A formal document written by a physician that is based on a patient's current medical condition and wishes is abbreviated as a

A)DNR
B)POLST
C)HIPAA
D)BD
E)PVS

Question 60

The loss of urine before one can get to the toilet is called ________ incontinence.

A)stress
B)urge
C)overflow
D)functional
E)mixed

Question 61

Often, a patient does not show signs and symptoms of COPD until they are over 40 years of age because

A)COPD is a result of the cumulative effects of smoking.
B)people do not visit the doctor on a regular basis until they are elderly.
C)pulmonary function tests are not administered on young people.
D)renal blood flow is maintained at a normal rate until age of 40.
E)other health problems can trigger the signs and symptoms of COPD.

Question 62

Mr.Hogan is a 94-year-old man who has a decreased appetite.This is most probably due to

A)overhydration
B)decline in the number of taste cells
C)increase in lentigines
D)sarcopenia
E)a side effect of medications

Question 63

Sarcopenia often occurs as aging of the ________ system.

A)muscular
B)integumentary
C)urinary
D)skeletal
E)immune

Question 64

Mrs.Owens has terminal cancer but does not want her family to know her condition.The document that instructs her healthcare provider to keep this information private is abbreviated

A)POLST
B)DNR
C)HIPAA
D)POA
E)MCS

Question 65

Which of the following statements is true regarding dementia?

A)Dementia is a normal consequence of aging.
B)Symptoms must be present for six months for a diagnosis of dementia to be made.
C)Polypharmacy is a leading cause of dementia in the elderly.
D)It is common for patients with dementia to have renal insufficiency.
E)Dementia can be reversed once the underlying cause is treated.

Question 66

Senescence of the eyes is often demonstrated by the presence of

A)sharper vision
B)drooping eyelids
C)loss of peripheral vision
D)cataracts
E)strabismus

Question 67

Lewy bodies are associated with

A)a minimally conscious state
B)type II diabetes
C)senescence
D)Alzheimer disease
E)a form of dementia

Question 68

Mixed incontinence is usually a combination of

A)functional and overflow incontinence
B)stress and overflow incontinence
C)urge and functional incontinence
D)stress and urge incontinence
E)functional and stress incontinence

Question 69

The most common cause of ADE in the elderly population is

A)senility
B)hallucinations
C)polypharmacy
D)Lewy bodies
E)dementia

Question 70

Inability to control bowel movements is ________ incontinence.

A)stress
B)overflow
C)fecal
D)urge
E)mixed

Question 71

One of the benefits of aging is

A)increased wisdom.
B)quick reflexes.
C)increased collagen production.
D)improved cognition.
E)financial security

Question 72

A decrease in the formation of urine is often the result of aging on which body system?

A)Integumentary
B)Muscular
C)Respiratory
D)Cardiovascular
E)Urinary

Question 73

An 86-year-old man falls and is unable to get up.When his son helps him up, he can walk without any pain.What is the likely reason he was unable to get up after falling?

A)Hip fracture
B)Immobility incontinence
C)Lack of muscle strength
D)Osteoporosis
E)Stroke

Question 74

Osteopenia and sarcopenia can be prevented by

A)beta blockers
B)proper hydration
C)calcium supplements
D)exercise
E)hormone replacement therapy