Deck 6: Human Population

Question 1

Use the figure above to answer the following question
The population in part (a) is likely to experience ____________ soon.

A) more senior citizens
B) exponential population growth
C) government institution of a population control policy
D) resource depletion and decreased quality of life
E) more single males

Answer 1

more senior citizens

Question 2

A graph of world population growth over the past 500 years most closely resembled the letter ________________.

A) M
B) U
C) J
D) S
E) K

Answer 2

J

Question 3

Choose the item that best matches each item in the following:
This region has the greatest TFR rate and the greatest poverty

A)Latin America and the Caribbean
B)Canada
C)2050
D)United States
E)North America
F)Africa
G)2011
H)European nations
I)India
J)Great Britain

Answer 3

Africa

Question 4

Replacement fertility ________________.

A) is below 2 in Africa
B) is a contraceptive technique
C) is equal to 2.1 in stable populations
D) is below 2 in Latin America and the Caribbean
E) restores population size after a catastrophic event

Question 5

Use the figure above to answer the following question
Looking at the figure, you are able to determine ______________.

A) that the population in the part (b) has many more males than females
B) that the population in the part (b) is aging rapidly
C) that the population in part (a) is growing rapidly
D) that there was a ʺbaby boomʺ in the population on the right 30 years ago
E) that the population in the part (b) is growing rapidly

Question 6

Which statement most accurately describes the population control efforts in China?

A) A One-Child Policy that requires all women to work and education for all has decreased fertility rates.
B) A One-Child Policy that is enforced through taxation and penalties has successfully controlled population growth.
C) Changing public attitudes about family size through communication, education, counseling, and contraceptives has reduced the population growth rates.
D) There is minimal governmental financial support for birth control for all couples.
E) Increasing child survival, elevate status and employment levels for women and increase literacy in the general population has decreased fertility rates.

Question 7

Use the figure above to answer the following question
The population in part (a) suggests that its Total Fertility Rate (TFR) is ____________.

A) less than replacement rate
B) now rising but had been recently declining
C) zero
D) over 5.0
E) steadily rising

Question 8

Diminishing population growth rates in poor countries can be partially attributed to ________________.

A) the education of women
B) reproducing beyond replacement fertility
C) economic disasters
D) valuing the birth of a son
E) illness in infants

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the human population from early times to the present?

A) Early rapid growth which has leveled off to a nearly constant rate in the last 20 years
B) Slow, steady growth throughout the period
C) Rapid, explosive growth throughout the period
D) Slow, uneven growth until the 1800s, then increasingly rapid growth
E) Early rapid growth which has increased rapidly in the last 20 years

Question 10

Which of the following is not one of the worldʹs top five most populous nations?

A) Vietnam
B) Indonesia
C) United States
D) India
E) Brazil

Question 11

Choose the item that best matches each item in the following:
Region with the highest per capita income

A)Latin America and the Caribbean
B)Canada
C)2050
D)United States
E)North America
F)Africa
G)2011
H)European nations
I)India
J)Great Britain

Question 12

Choose the item that best matches each item in the following:
TFR is 2.5 in this region

A)Latin America and the Caribbean
B)Canada
C)2050
D)United States
E)North America
F)Africa
G)2011
H)European nations
I)India
J)Great Britain

Question 13

During the period ________________ the worldʹs population more than doubled.

A) 1800-1850
B) 1750-1800
C) 1950-2000
D) 1850-1900
E) 1900-1950

Question 14

________________ is the worldʹs most populous nation, home to ________________ of the people living on Earth.

A) The United States; half
B) India; one-third
C) The United States; one-fifth
D) China; half
E) China; one-fifth

Question 15

The human population is approximately ________________.

A) 1.5 million
B) 7 billion
C) 6.9 million
D) 10 billion
E) 1.5 billion

Question 16

Choose the item that best matches each item in the following:
Second most populous region on Earth

A)Latin America and the Caribbean
B)Canada
C)2050
D)United States
E)North America
F)Africa
G)2011
H)European nations
I)India
J)Great Britain

Question 17

Choose the item that best matches each item in the following:
Year when the world human population reached 7 billion

A)Latin America and the Caribbean
B)Canada
C)2050
D)United States
E)North America
F)Africa
G)2011
H)European nations
I)India
J)Great Britain

Question 18

Use the figure above to answer the following question
The population in part (b) is likely to experience ___________ soon.

A) resource depletion and decreased quality of life
B) more senior citizens
C) more single males
D) lack of economic growth
E) more households

Question 19

If a population roughly doubles in the course of 50 years, its growth rate would be close to ________________%.

A) 10
B) 20
C) 5
D) 25
E) 1.5

Question 20

The 1994 Cairo, Egypt, conference was organized ________________.

A) by President Clinton to seek world funding for family-planning initiatives
B) to urge governments to better address social issues such as poverty and disease as potential sources of population problems
C) to lower the worldʹs population to preset targets by advocating the use of contraceptives
D) to reevaluate the effectiveness of Chinaʹs one-child policy
E) to address the growing AIDS epidemic in Africa

Question 21

A country with ________________ is not expected to grow quickly in the near future.

A) many developing regions
B) growing industrialization
C) a female to male ratio of 1.2 to 1
D) a broad-based, pyramid-shaped age-structure diagram
E) high female employment and literacy

Question 22

Most of the world population growth in the near future will be in ________________.

A) developing countries
B) currently uninhabited areas such as Antarctica
C) Europe
D) developed countries
E) North America

Question 23

The world population growth rate is currently close to ________________%.

A) 1.2
B) 10
C) 2.5
D) 20
E) 5

Question 24

A population in the post-industrial stage would be expected to have ________________.

A) a sex ratio skewed in favor of females
B) birth and death rates at low stable levels
C) population size, birth rates, and death rates rising
D) lower birth rates but much higher death rates and environmental impact
E) an age-distribution diagram that is pyramidal with a broad base

Question 25

If global fertility rates remain at 2008 levels, the United Nations predicts that world population will surpass ________________ billion in 2050.

A) 10
B) 9
C) 4
D) 7
E) 5

Question 26

Declining death rates due to increased food production and improved medical care while birth rates remain high is characteristic of the ________________ stage.

A) post-industrial
B) pre-industrial
C) transitional
D) stabilization
E) revolutionary

Question 27

The transitional stage in Frank Notesteinʹs demographic model is initiated by ________________.

A) the increased use of contraceptives
B) resource depletion
C) industrialization
D) government intervention
E) epidemics

Question 28

Areas with the least dense human populations are in ________________

A) Mexico
B) temperate areas
C) desert, tundra, and rainforest
D) the suburbs
E) Europe

Question 29

Increasing levels of literacy among women is shown to ________________.

A) have no effect on TFR or contraceptive use
B) lower TFR
C) raise TFR
D) result in having children at a younger age
E) decrease the use of contraception

Question 30

The most serious problem caused by population growth is ________________ .

A) crowding
B) lack of farmland to meet food needs
C) too few jobs
D) increasing demand for resources
E) inefficient food transportation

Question 31

In the demographic transition model, the highest population growth rate in a country is likely to occur during ________________.

A) stage 1, the preindustrial stage
B) stage 2, the transitional stage
C) stage 3, the industrial stage
D) stage 4, the postindustrial stage
E) stage 5, the stability transition stage

Question 32

The annual global growth rate of the human population peaked in the ________________ and has been declining ever since.

A) 1990s
B) 1950s
C) 1960s
D) early 1900s
E) year 2000

Question 33

Madagascarʹs age-structure diagram ________________.

A) looks like an urn, with narrow base and an expanded apex
B) reflects an aging population
C) reflects a population with a high growth rate
D) reflects unequal distribution of males and females at all age groups
E) reflects a ʺbaby boomʺ in the early 1980s

Question 34

The richest one-fifth of the worldʹs population possesses approximately ________________ times the income of the poorest one-fifth, and the richest one-fifth uses over 86% of the worldʹs resources.

A) 60
B) 20
C) 40
D) 10
E) 80

Question 35

IPAT stands for ________________.

A) Industry, People, Attitude, and Teaching
B) Industry, Population, Attitude, and Teaching
C) Impact, People, Affluence, and Technology
D) Impact, Population, Attitude, and Technology
E) Impact, Population, Affluence, and Technology

Question 36

The term demographic transition refers to ________________.

A) the slowing down in the growth of a population as it approaches the carrying capacity
B) the decline in death rates followed by a decline in birth rates that occurred because sanitation levels in areas improved
C) the decline in death rates followed by decline in birth rates, occurring as a country economically develops
D) a requirement for a population to reach a specific size before it becomes stable
E) the slowing down in the growth of a population as it approaches it biocapacity

Question 37

Which of the following countries has the highest population growth rate?

A) Pakistan
B) Italy
C) Canada
D) United States
E) Spain

Question 38

Of the following factors, ________________ drives TFR down.

A) rural lifestyle
B) high infant mortality
C) poverty
D) history and tradition
E) social and economic security

Question 39

According to the IPAT model, technology that enhances our acquisition of minerals, fossil fuels, timber, and ocean fish ________________.

A) increases population
B) increases sensitivity
C) increases environmental impact
D) decreases environmental impact
E) decreases sensitivity

Question 40

In a country where there are increasingly more households,________________ .

A) population growth rates should increase
B) birth rates should increase
C) birth rates should remain constant
D) consumption should increase
E) consumption should decrease

Question 41

Define ecological footprint and differentiate between the ecological footprint of a developing country and that of the United States. Support or challenge the following statement: ʺThe population problem does not lie entirely with the developing world.ʺ

Question 42

Recent research suggests that ________________ has/have contributed to the large drop in fertility rates in Brazil over the past several decades.

A) legalization of abortions
B) AIDS and malaria
C) exposure to environmental estrogens
D) soap operas
E) laws preventing women from having more than one child

Question 43

Not surprisingly, the nation with the highest rate of contraceptive use (85%) is ________________.

A) China
B) Australia
C) United States
D) New Zealand
E) South Africa

Question 44

Why do environmentalists such as Paul Ehrlich view unchecked population growth as a problem?

Question 45

The most accurate terms describing the trend over the past 50 years for human use of natural resources are ________________.

A) rapidly increasing, moving from unsustainable to sustainable
B) steady state, no change
C) from unsustainable to sustainable
D) decreasing and sustainable
E) increasing and unsustainable

Question 46

Briefly describe how family planning helped reduce the TFR in Bangladesh.

Question 47

The ʺsensitivity factorʺ in the model used to represent human environmental impact denotes ________________.

A) the sensitivity of endangered species to human population infringement
B) human sensitivity to what needs to be done to protect the environment
C) the sensitivity of an environment to human pressures
D) economic sensitivity to resource use
E) the sensitivity of governments to carrying capacity demands

Question 48

Explain human population growth in terms of carrying capacity. How does this differ from organisms that exist in natural ecosystems? Explain how population growth for human populations is a problem.

Question 49

What three-factor model is used for representing the impact on environment? What is a fourth factor that could be added to this? Give a simple explanation for each factor and describe what it means in terms of human impacts on the environment.

Question 50

The view held by both Malthus and Paul Ehrlich suggests that depletion of resource supplies due to greater numbers of people ________________.

A) will lead to natural selection of the most fit individuals
B) will result in exponential population growth
C) is not a problem because new resources can always be found to replace depleted ones
D) is not a problem because disease will limit population size
E) is a problem because some resources are limited and can be depleted

Question 51

A population which is not growing will have a TFR of ________________

A) 5 or higher
B) 2.1
C) 1.2
D) less than 1.0
E) zero

Question 52

What social challenges are posed by a pyramid-shaped versus an inverted pyramid-shaped age structure diagram?

Question 53

What is a demographic transition? What are its four stages? State why each stage is important and what the consequence is for population growth. Do all countries go through the demographic transition?

Question 54

Read the following scenario and answer the question below.
Population growth is at the root of many serious environmental problems. From the ancient Babylonians thousands of years ago, to Thomas Malthus two centuries ago, to present day neo-Malthusians, humans seem to possess an awareness of Earthʹs limitations in the face of growing populations. Today, our ability to accurately quantify, monitor, and control population growth is very sophisticated. We can measure growth and make predictions about world growth with mathematical and computer models. Can we prevent disaster?
Because of the success of Chinaʹs population control programs,________________ .

A) Chinaʹs population growth rate is much lower than it was in the 1970s
B) there is a younger population in China today
C) African nations have instituted similar programs
D) environmental problems in China have been virtually eliminated
E) European nations have instituted similar programs

Question 55

Briefly explain how the status of women affects population growth.

Question 56

How does poverty and affluence affect the environment?

Question 57

Why did China institute a population control policy? How is it enforced? Why is it controversial?

Question 58

What specific population characteristics do demographers study? Why is it important to study these things?

Question 59

Malthus was responsible for ________________.

A) defining the concept of ecosystem services
B) the idea that without social restrictions increasing human population would lead to famine and war
C) the idea that population growth would lead to greater industry and prosperity
D) recognizing the demographic transition effect in developing nations
E) the book The Population Bomb, which described the disastrous effects of human population growth

Question 60

Read the following scenario and answer the question below.
Population growth is at the root of many serious environmental problems. From the ancient Babylonians thousands of years ago, to Thomas Malthus two centuries ago, to present day neo-Malthusians, humans seem to possess an awareness of Earthʹs limitations in the face of growing populations. Today, our ability to accurately quantify, monitor, and control population growth is very sophisticated. We can measure growth and make predictions about world growth with mathematical and computer models. Can we prevent disaster?
Despite dire predictions in the past, humans still inhabit Earth. A few economists would argue that this is because ________________.

A) technological developments have alleviated some of the strain on Earthʹs resources
B) Malthusʹs measurements were inaccurate
C) world population growth has been slower than expected
D) space exploration has revealed new frontiers
E) Malthus overestimated Earthʹs environmental sensitivity

Question 61

Read the following scenario and answer the question below.
Population growth is at the root of many serious environmental problems. From the ancient Babylonians thousands of years ago, to Thomas Malthus two centuries ago, to present day neo-Malthusians, humans seem to possess an awareness of Earthʹs limitations in the face of growing populations. Today, our ability to accurately quantify, monitor, and control population growth is very sophisticated. We can measure growth and make predictions about world growth with mathematical and computer models. Can we prevent disaster?
If there is ________________ , population growth rates will increase.

A) increased urbanization
B) increased immigration
C) increased emigration
D) decreased immigration
E) increased industrialization

Question 62

Read the following scenario and answer the question below.
Population growth is at the root of many serious environmental problems. From the ancient Babylonians thousands of years ago, to Thomas Malthus two centuries ago, to present day neo-Malthusians, humans seem to possess an awareness of Earthʹs limitations in the face of growing populations. Today, our ability to accurately quantify, monitor, and control population growth is very sophisticated. We can measure growth and make predictions about world growth with mathematical and computer models. Can we prevent disaster?
Aside from contraception, human society and government policy can ________________ to control population growthʹs negative effects on the environment.

A) discourage emigration from Africa
B) discourage population movement into sensitive environmental areas
C) encourage emigration from Africa
D) discourage equal education, employment and literacy for women
E) encourage consumption