Deck 17: Professional Money Management, Alternative Assets, and Industry Ethics

Question 1

The total market value of all assets of a mutual fund divided by the number of shares of the fund is known as the net asset value.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Open-end investment companies continue to sell and repurchase shares after their initial public offering.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

A closed-end investment company is normally referred to as a mutual fund.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

A portfolio is generally managed by the board of directors of an investment company.

Question 5

The primary purpose of government regulations and voluntary standards in the professional asset management industry is to ensure that managers deal with all investors fairly and equitably and that information about investment performance is accurately reported.

Question 6

All investment firms charge annual management fees to compensate the professional manager of the fund.

Question 7

The market price of shares of a closed-end fund is typically determined by supply and demand.

Question 8

A no-load fund imposes a substantial sales charge and sells shares at their NAV.

Question 9

An open-end investment company differs from a closed-end investment company by the way they operate after the initial public offering.

Question 10

Hedge funds are far less liquid than mutual fund shares.

Question 11

In an investment company, the invested funds belong to many individuals.

Question 12

The total market value of all assets of a mutual fund divided by the number of shares of the fund is known as the net asset value.

Question 13

Hedge funds have no limitations on when and how often capital can be contributed or removed from the partnership.

Question 14

Management and advisory firms can advise clients on how to structure their own portfolios.

Question 15

An investor should be cautious when selecting a fund based solely on the manager's past performance, since past performance may not be repeated in the future.

Question 16

Income distributions and capital gains distributions are the only source of returns for mutual funds.

Question 17

High Portfolio turnover lowers mutual fund costs.

Question 18

Diversifying a portfolio to eliminate unsystematic risk is one of the major benefits of investing in mutual funds.

Question 19

The market price of shares of a closed-end fund is typically determined by supply and demand.

Question 20

The returns received by the average individual investor on funds managed by investment companies will probably be superior to the average results for a specific U.S. or international market.

Question 21

A low-load fund allows to

A) Charge a redemption fee.
B) Deduct 7 to 8% commission at the initial offering.
C) Deduct 3% of the average net assets per year.
D) Charge a contingent deferred sales load.
E) Switch from closed-end to open-end.

Question 22

An open-end investment company is commonly referred to as a(n)

A) Balanced fund.
B) Mutual fund.
C) Money market fund.
D) Accessible fund.
E) Unit trust.

Question 23

Closed-end investment companies never sell at discounts to their NAV.

Question 24

The main difference between a closed-end fund and an open-end fund is

A) The way each is traded after the initial public offering.
B) There is no significant difference.
C) The minimum initial investment.
D) The type of allowable investments.
E) The way in which each is regulated by the SEC.

Question 25

When securities are held in an investment company the appropriate way to value a client's investment is by net asset value (NAV).

Question 26

The market price of a closed-end investment company has generally been

A) 5 to 20% below the NAV.
B) 25 to 35% below the NAV.
C) Equal to the NAV (within a 2% range).
D) 5 to 20% above the NAV.
E) 25 to 35% above the NAV.

Question 27

Open-end and closed-end investment companies are similar in that both companies will repurchase shares on demand.

Question 28

Funds that attempt to provide current income, safety of principal and liquidity are known as

A) Balanced funds.
B) Flexible funds.
C) Income funds.
D) Money market funds.
E) Index funds.

Question 29

Funds that normally contain a combination of common stock and fixed income securities are known as

A) Unit investment trust.
B) Balanced funds.
C) Contractual plans.
D) Income funds.
E) Flexible funds.

Question 30

All investment companies charge an annual

A) Redemption fee.
B) Marketing and distribution.
C) Management fee.
D) Maintenance fee.
E) Market adjustment.

Question 31

Open-end mutual funds that charge a sales fee when the fund is initially offered to the investor are known as

A) Balance funds.
B) Deferred sales loads.
C) Unit investment trusts.
D) Load funds.
E) Contingency funds.

Question 32

The offering price for a share of a load fund equals the net asset value of the share.

Question 33

An open-end investment company functions like any other public firm.

Question 34

The closed-end fund index is

A) Value weighted and based on market values.
B) Value weighted and based on NAVs.
C) Price weighted and based on market values.
D) Price weighted and based on NAVs.
E) Equally weighted and based on market values.

Question 35

Market index funds attempt to match the composition and performance of a specified market indicator series.

Question 36

A money market fund would be likely to invest in a portfolio containing all of the following except

A) Commercial paper.
B) Banker's acceptances.
C) Canadian Treasury bills.
D) Bank certificates of deposit.
E) Canadian Treasury notes.

Question 37

The offering price of a load fund equals the NAV of the fund

A) Less an initial requirement.
B) Plus a sales charge.
C) Plus a sales charge and an administrative fee.
D) Less a negotiated discount.
E) At its stated value.

Question 38

When the offer price and the NAV of a mutual fund are equal it is an indication that

A) The fund's assets are in equilibrium.
B) The fund is trading at par.
C) It is strictly a coincidence.
D) The fund has no initial fee.
E) The fund is backloaded.

Question 39

Which of the following is an approach to asset management?

A) Management and advisory firms
B) Investment companies
C) Strategic management
D) Choices a and b only
E) All of the above

Question 40

Net asset value (NAV) is determined by

A) The total market value of all its assets multiplied by the number of fund shares outstanding.
B) The total market value of all its assets divided by the number of fund shares outstanding.
C) The total market value of all its assets divided by the number of shareholders.
D) Supply and demand for the investment company stock in the secondary market.
E) Supply and demand for the investment company stock in the primary market.

Question 41

A mutual fund typically performs all of the following functions, except

A) Provides alternative risk-return options.
B) Eliminates unsystematic risk.
C) Provides diversification.
D) Derives a risk-adjusted performance that is consistently superior to risk-adjusted net return of the aggregate market.
E) Administers the account, keeps records and provides timely information.

Question 42

Ethical conflicts may arise as a result of

A) Incentive compensation schemes.
B) Soft dollar arrangements.
C) Marketing investment management services.
D) All of the above.
E) None of the above.

Question 43

An investment company is

A) A corporation that handles the administrative functions for a fund.
B) A corporation that has its major assets in a portfolio of securities.
C) A corporation that invests in financial services firms.
D) Choices a and b.
E) Choices a and c.

Question 44

In the case of closed-end investment companies, shares of the company

A) Trade on the secondary market.
B) Can be bought from or sold to the investment company at the NAV.
C) Are determined by supply and demand.
D) Choices a and c.
E) Choices b and c.

Question 45

Which of the following is a characteristic of hedge funds?

A) They are generally less restricted in how and where they can make investments.
B) They are more liquid than mutual fund shares.
C) They have no limitations on when and how often investment capital can be contributed or removed.
D) All of the above.
E) None of the above.

Question 46

In the case of investment companies

A) Investors deal with a fund company and do not have separate accounts tailored to their specific needs.
B) Investors deal with a fund company and have separate accounts tailored to their specific needs.
C) Investors deal with an asset manager and do not have separate accounts tailored to their specific needs.
D) Investors deal with an asset manager have separate accounts tailored to their specific needs.
E) None of the above.

Question 47

In the case of private management firms

A) Investors deal with a fund company and do not have separate accounts tailored to their specific needs.
B) Investors deal with a fund company and have separate accounts tailored to their specific needs.
C) Investors deal with an asset manager and do not have separate accounts tailored to their specific needs.
D) Investors deal with an asset manager have separate accounts tailored to their specific needs.
E) None of the above.

Question 48

The following are examples of mutual fund companies

A) Common stock funds.
B) Bond funds.
C) Hedge funds.
D) Choices a and b.
E) Choices a, b and c.

Question 49

The gross return of closed-end investments companies has typically been

A) 10-20% less than their NAV.
B) 10-15% less than their NAV.
C) Less than the net return.
D) About the same as the net return.
E) None of the above.

Question 50

A portfolio manager should be able to perform all of the following functions, except

A) Determine risk-return preferences.
B) Eliminate systematic risk.
C) Maintain diversification ensuring a stabilized risk class.
D) Attempt to derive a risk-adjusted performance that is superior to the market.
E) Administer the account, keep records and provide timely information.

Question 51

An example of an international fund would be one that consisted of investments in securities from

A) Canada., Germany, and Japan.
B) Germany, Italy, and the U.K.
C) Canada, Korea, and Argentina.
D) All of the above.
E) None of the above.

Question 52

In the case of open-end investment companies, shares of the company

A) Trade on the secondary market.
B) Can be bought from or sold to the investment company at the NAV.
C) Are determined by supply and demand.
D) Choices a and c.
E) Choices b and c.

Question 53

Mutual fund performance studies have shown that most funds

A) Have risks and returns that are inconsistent with their stated objectives.
B) Have risks and returns that are consistent with their stated objectives.
C) Do not have stated objectives.
D) Have experienced risk-adjusted returns above the market.
E) Have changed their objectives over time.

Question 54

In a long short-short hedge fund strategy

A) Managers take long positions in undervalued stocks and short positions in overvalued stocks.
B) Managers take short positions in undervalued stocks and long positions in overvalued stocks.
C) Managers take offsetting risk positions on the long and short side.
D) All of the above.
E) None of the above.

Question 55

An investment management company is

A) A corporation that handles the administrative functions for a fund.
B) A corporation that has its major assets in a portfolio of securities.
C) A corporation that invests in financial services firms.
D) Choices a and b.
E) Choices a and c.

Question 56

Soft dollars are generated when

A) A manager commits to paying a higher than normal brokerage fee in exchange for additional bundled services.
B) A manager commits to paying a higher than normal brokerage fee in exchange for secretarial services.
C) A manager commits to paying a higher than normal brokerage fee in exchange for office equipment.
D) All of the above.
E) None of the above.

Question 57

In a convertible arbitrage strategy hedge fund managers attempt to

A) Generate profits by taking advantage of convertible bond pricing disparities caused by changing market events.
B) Generate profits by taking advantage of disparities in the relationship between prices for convertible bonds and the underlying common stock.
C) Generate profits by taking advantage of disparities in the relationship between prices for convertible bonds and the underlying common stock option.
D) All of the above.
E) None of the above.

Question 58

A major question in modern finance regarding closed-end investment companies is

A) Why do these funds sell at discounts?
B) Why do the discounts differ between funds?
C) What are the returns available to investors from funds that sell at a large discount?
D) Choices a and b
E) All of the above.

Question 59

The text offers a number of suggestions for investing in mutual funds. Which of the following is not such a suggestion?

A) Choose only those mutual funds which are consistent with your objectives and constraints.
B) Invest in no-load funds whenever possible.
C) Avoid investing in index funds.
D) Use a dollar cost average strategy.
E) None of the above (that is, all are valid suggestions for investing in mutual funds)

Question 60

Which of the following are guiding principles for ethical behavior in the asset management industry as put forward by the CFA Center for Financial Market Integrity?

A) The interests of investment professional come first.
B) The preferred method for promoting fair and efficient markets is to set up a central oversight board.
C) Financial markets in various countries should develop high-quality standards for reporting financial information that reflect local customs.
D) Financial statements should be reported from the perspective of firm shareholders.
E) All of the above.

Question 61

The low-load fund permits funds to deduct as much as ____ percent of average net asset per year to cover distribution costs, brokers' commissions, and general marketing expenses.

A) 0.25
B) 0.50
C) 3.00
D) 1.00
E) 1.50

Question 62

Exhibit 17-1
USE THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION FOR THE NEXT PROBLEM(S)
Suppose ABC Mutual fund owned only 4 stocks as follows: $$\begin{array} { c c c } \text { Stack } & \text { Shares } & \text { Price } \\\hline W & 2500 & \$ 11 \\\mathbf { X } & 2100 & 14 \\\mathbf { Y } & 2700 & 23 \\Z & 1900 & 15\end{array}$$

-Refer to Exhibit 17-1. The fund originated by selling $100,000 of stock at $10.00 per share. What is its current NAV?

A) $1.47
B) $14.75
C) $16.03
D) $27.62
E) $234.12

Question 63

Suppose you consider investing $10,000 in a load fund from which a fee of 3% is deducted and you expect the fund to earn 12% over the next year. Alternatively, you could invest in a no load fund which is expected to earn 10% and which takes a 0% redemption fee. Which is better and by how much?

A) Load fund by $151
B) No load fund by $136
C) Funds are equal
D) No load fund by $421
E) Load fund by $115

Question 64

On January 2, 2007, you invest $10,000 in the Tiger Fund, a load fund that charges a fee of 6%. The fund's returns were 25% in 2007, 35% in 2008, -5% in 2009. On December 31, 2009, you redeem all your shares of Tiger. The dollar value is

A) $5,200.89
B) $13,345.89
C) $7,931.25
D) $15,896.34
E) $8,646.91

Question 65

Suppose you consider investing $15,000 in a load fund from which a fee of 5% is deducted and you expect the fund to earn 12% over the next year. Alternatively, you could invest in a no load fund which is expected to earn 10% and which takes a 1/2% redemption fee. Which is better and by how much?

A) Load fund by $318.45
B) No load fund by $457.50
C) Funds are equal
D) Load fund by $415.10
E) No load fund by $211.51

Question 66

When alternative assets of investors are pooled together into a single pool of assets

A) The collection of assets is formed as a limited partnership.
B) One or more general partners are responsible for running the organization.
C) The limited partners are only liable to the extent of their investments.
D) Both a and c
E) All of the above.

Question 67

On January 2, 2007, you invest $50,000 in the Lizbiz Mutual Fund, a load fund that charges a fee of 5%. The fund's returns were 14.6% in 2007, -6.4% in 2008, 15.2% in 2009. On December 31, 2009, you redeem all your shares. The dollar value is

A) $66,722.27
B) $15,200.00
C) $58,695.74
D) $33,366.25
E) $10,000.00

Question 68

Suppose you consider investing $1,000 in a load fund which charges a fee of 2%, and you expect the fund to earn 14% over the next year. Alternatively, you could invest in a no-load fund with similar risk that is expected to earn 9% and charges a 1/2% redemption fee. Which is better and by how much?

A) Funds are equal
B) Load fund by $32.65
C) Load fund by $50.55
D) No-load fund by $64.55
E) No-load fund by $44.30

Question 69

Which of the following are functions that a portfolio manager should perform for clients?

A) Determine investment objectives and constraints, diversify the portfolio, eliminate tax payments.
B) Determine investment objectives, diversify the portfolio, maintain ethical standards and eliminate tax payments.
C) Determine investment objectives and constraints, diversify the portfolio, and maintain ethical standards.
D) Determine constraints, diversify the portfolio, and eliminate tax payments.
E) Determine investment objectives and constraints, diversify the portfolio, eliminate tax payments, and achieve risk adjusted return superior to the relevant benchmark.

Question 70

Suppose you consider investing $5,000 in a load fund from which a fee of 8% is deducted and you expect the fund to earn 12% over the next year. Alternatively, you could invest in a no load fund which is expected to earn 10% and which takes a 1/2% redemption fee. Which is better and by how much?

A) Load fund by $320.50
B) Load fund by $575.50
C) Funds are equal
D) No load fund by $320.50
E) No load fund by $575.50

Question 71

An investment vehicle that acts like a mutual fund of hedge funds, and allows investors access to managers that might otherwise be unavailable is known as

A) Managed futures funds
B) Long-short equity funds
C) Fund of funds
D) Private equity funds
E) Leveraged Buyouts (LBOs)

Question 72

Suppose you consider investing $1,000 in a load fund which charges a fee of 2%, and you expect the fund to earn 11% over the next year. Alternatively, you could invest in a no-load fund with similar risk that is expected to earn 7% and charges a 1/2% redemption fee. Which is better and by how much?

A) Funds are equal
B) No-load fund by $36.98
C) Load fund by $45.25
D) Load fund by $23.15
E) No-load fund by $15.52

Question 73

Which of the following is not an example of an alternative asset class?

A) Hedge funds
B) Private equity
C) Real estate
D) Commodities
E) All of the above are examples of alternative asset classes.

Question 74

Suppose Mega Mutual Fund owns only the 4 stocks shown below with no liabilities. $$\begin{array} { c c c } \text { Stack } & \text { Shares } & \text { Price } \\\hline \text { A } & 1800 & 15 \\B & 2200 & 11 \\\mathrm { C } & 2300 & 9 \\D & 1900 & 18\end{array}$$ The fund originated by selling $300,000 of stock at $30.00 per share. What is its current NAV?

A) $106.10
B) $12.94
C) $129.40
D) $10.61
E) None of the above.

Question 75

Investing in emerging markets can be viewed as a global application of

A) Fixed-income arbitrage.
B) Convertible arbitrage.
C) Merger arbitrage.
D) Distressed opportunistic strategies.
E) Equity market neutral.

Question 76

Exhibit 17-1
USE THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION FOR THE NEXT PROBLEM(S)
Suppose ABC Mutual fund owned only 4 stocks as follows: $$\begin{array} { c c c } \text { Stack } & \text { Shares } & \text { Price } \\\hline W & 2500 & \$ 11 \\\mathbf { X } & 2100 & 14 \\\mathbf { Y } & 2700 & 23 \\Z & 1900 & 15\end{array}$$

-Refer to Exhibit 17-1. What is the offering price for the fund if the NAV is $25.25 and a the load is 6%?

A) $26.19
B) $23.74
C) $25.25
D) $26.77
E) $24.13

Question 77

What type of funds are typically no-load funds that impose no penalty for early withdrawal and generally allow holders to write checks against their account?

A) Mutual funds
B) Open-end funds
C) Closed-end funds
D) Money market funds
E) Balanced funds

Question 78

Suppose Under Mutual Fund owns only the 3 stocks shown below with no liabilities. $$\begin{array} { c c c } \text { Stack } & \text { Shares } & \text { Price } \\\hline \mathbf { A } & 2900 & 15 \\\mathrm {~B} & 3100 & 14 \\\mathrm { C } & \mathbf { 3 2 0 0 } & 12\end{array}$$ The fund originated by selling $500,000 of stock at $50.00 per share. What is its current NAV?

A) $12.53
B) $15.29
C) $152.90
D) $125.30
E) None of the above.

Question 79

On January 2, 2007, you invest $10,000 in Megabucks Mutual Fund, a load fund that charges a fee of 2%. The fund's returns were 13% in 2007, 11% in 2008, and 8% in 2009. On December 31, 2009, you redeem all your shares. The dollar value is

A) $13,600.00
B) $13,275.51
C) $13,297.67
D) $13,995.75
E) $10,000.00

Question 80

On January 2, 2007, you invest $100,000 in the Jeffers Mutual Fund, a load fund that charges a fee of 5%. The fund's returns were -14.6% in 2007, -6.4% in 2008, 35% in 2009. On December 31, 2009, you redeem all your shares. The dollar value is:

A) $95,600.57
B) $102,515.90
C) $83,297.75
D) $133,995.75
E) $100,000.00