Deck 1: Introduction: Matter and Measurement

Question 1

Which of the following has the same number of significant figures as the number 1.00310?

A) 5.119
B) 1 × 10⁶
C) 199.791
D) 100
E) 8.66

Answer 1

199.791

Question 2

Which of the following is the same as 0.001 cm?

A) 100 mm
B) 1 mm
C) 0.01 m
D) 0.01 dm
E) 0.01 mm

Answer 2

0.01 mm

Question 3

Express the temperature, 422.35 K, in degrees Celsius.

A) 149.20°C
B) 792.23°C
C) 50.89°C
D) 695.50°C
E) 22.78°C

Answer 3

149.20°C

Question 4

Which calculation clearly shows a conversion between temperatures in degrees Celsius, t(°C), and temperature in Kelvins, T(K)?

A) T(K) = t(°C)
B) T(K) = [t(°C) - 32] / 1.8
C) T(K) = 273 - t(°C)
D) T(K) = [t(°C) + 32] × 1.8
E) T(K) = t(°C) + 273

Question 5

Which one of the following elements has a symbol that is not derived from its foreign name?

A) aluminum
B) tin
C) lead
D) copper
E) mercury

Question 6

Which states of matter are significantly compressible?

A) solids and liquids
B) liquids only
C) solids only
D) gases only
E) liquids and gases

Question 7

Homogeneous mixtures are also known as _.

A) solids
B) solutions
C) substances
D) compounds
E) elements

Question 8

Which one of the following has the element name and symbol correctly matched?

A) P, potassium
B) Sn, silicon
C) Mg, manganese
D) Ag, silver
E) C, copper

Question 9

The number with the most significant zeros is .

A) 250000001
B) 0.02500001
C) 2.501 × 10^{- 7}
D) 0.00002510
E) 2.5100000

Question 10

What is the volume (in cm³) of a 63.4 g piece of metal with a density of 12.86 g/cm³?

A) .425
B) 4.93
C) 19.5
D) 6.65
E) none of the above

Question 11

If an object is accelerating at a rate of 25 m/s², how fast will it be moving (in m/s) after 1.50 min? (Assume an initial velocity of zero.)

A) 3.6
B) 38
C) 2.3 × 10³
D) 17
E) 0.060

Question 12

Gases and liquids share the property of .

A) definite shape
B) compressibility
C) indefinite shape
D) incompressibility
E) definite volume

Question 13

Which of the following are chemical processes?
1) rusting of a nail
2) freezing of water
3) decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen gases
4) compression of oxygen gas

A) 1, 3, 4
B) 1, 4
C) 2, 3, 4
D) 1, 2
E) 1, 3

Question 14

Of the objects below, is the most dense.

A) an object with a volume of 2.5 L and a mass of 12.5 kg
B) an object with a volume of 13 dm³ and a mass of 1.29 × 10³ g
C) an object with a volume of 0.00212 m³ and a mass of 4.22 × 10⁴ mg
D) an object with a volume of 3.91 × 10^{- 24} nm³ and a mass of 7.93 × 10^{- 1} ng
E) an object with a volume of 139 mL and a mass of 93 g

Question 15

Which one of the following is a pure substance?

A) wood
B) concrete
C) salt water
D) milk
E) elemental copper

Question 16

Which of the following liquids has the greatest density?

A) 13 cm³ with a mass of 23 g
B) 210 cm³ with a mass of 12 g
C) 3.5 cm³ with a mass of 10 g
D) 54 cm³ with a mass of 45 g
E) 0.022 cm³ with a mass of 0.10 g

Question 17

Which one of the following is the highest temperature?

A) 302 K
B) 38°C
C) 96°F
D) none of the above
E) the freezing point of water

Question 18

Expressing a number in scientific notation .

A) removes significant zeros
B) allows to increase the number's precision
C) changes its value
D) removes ambiguity as to the significant figures
E) all of the above

Question 19

What is the physical state in which matter has no specific shape but does have a specific volume?

A) solid
B) salts
C) gas
D) liquid
E) ice

Question 20

If an object is accelerating at a rate of 25 m/s², how long (in seconds) will it take to reach a speed of 550 m/s? (Assume an initial velocity of zero.)

A) 22
B) 1.4 × 10⁴
C) 2.3 × 10²
D) 0.045
E) 1.2 × 10⁴

Question 21

The law of constant composition applies to .

A) homogeneous mixtures
B) solids
C) heterogeneous mixtures
D) solutions
E) compounds

Question 22

If matter is uniform throughout and cannot be separated into other substances by physical means, it is .

A) a homogeneous mixture
B) either an element or a compound
C) an element
D) a heterogeneous mixture
E) a compound

Question 23

In the following list, only is not an example of matter.

A) table salt
B) dust
C) planets
D) light
E) elemental phosphorus

Question 24

You have to calculate the volume of a gas sample with mass of 1.000 × 10³ g and density of 1.027 g/L , but you have forgotten the formula. Which way of reasoning would help you in finding the correct mass?

A) If 1.027 L of gas has a mass of 1 g, then L has the mass of 1.000 × 10³ g.
B) If 1.027 g of a gas takes up a volume of 1 L, then 1.000 × 10³ g of the same gas takes up a volume of .

Question 25

What decimal power does the abbreviation Milli represent?

A) 1 × 10⁹
B) 1 × 10⁶
C) 1 × 10^{- 6}
D) 1 × 10³
E) 1 × 10^{- 3}

Question 26

Which one of the following is often easily separated into its components by simple techniques such as filtering or decanting?

A) homogeneous mixture
B) elements
C) solutions
D) compounds
E) heterogeneous mixture

Question 27

Which of the following is an illustration of the law of constant composition?

A) Water and salt have different boiling points.
B) Water boils at 100°C at 1 atm pressure.
C) Water is a compound.
D) Water can be separated into other substances by a chemical process.
E) Water is 11% hydrogen and 89% oxygen by mass.

Question 28

Of the following, only is a chemical reaction.

A) dropping a penny into a glass of water
B) melting of lead
C) crushing of stone
D) dissolving sugar in water
E) tarnishing of silver

Question 29

How many liters of air are in a room that measures 10.0 ft × 11.0 ft and has an 8.00 ft ceiling? 1 in. = 2.54 cm (exactly); 1 L = 10³ cm³

A) 92.8
B) 8.84 × 10⁵
C) 2.68 × 10⁷
D) 2.49 × 10⁴
E) 26.8

Question 30

A wooden object has a mass of 10.782 g and occupies a volume of 13.72 mL. What is the density of the object determined to an appropriate number of significant figures?

A) 8 × 10^{- 1} g/mL
B) 7.9 × 10^{- 1} g/mL
C) 7.86 × 10^{- 1} g/mL
D) 7.859 × 10^{- 1} g/mL
E) 7.8586 × 10^{- 1} g/mL

Question 31

Round the number 0.08535 to two significant figures.

A) 0.086
B) 0.08535
C) 0.09
D) 0.085
E) 0.0854

Question 32

The density of air under ordinary conditions at 25°C is 1.19 g/L. How many kilograms of air is in a room that measures 11.0 ft × 11.0 ft and has an 10.0 ft ceiling? 1 in. = 2.54 cm (exactly);
1 L = 10³ cm³

A) 0.0962
B) 4.08 × 10⁴
C) 40.8
D) 3.66
E) 0.152

Question 33

The estimated costs for remodelling the interior of an apartment are:
Three 1- gallon cans of paint at
$13)22 each (including tax), two paint brushes at $9.53 each (including tax), and $135 for a helper. The total estimated cost with the appropriate significant figures is $ .

A) 2 × 10²
B) 194
C) 193.72
D) 1.9 × 10²
E) 193.7

Question 34

Osmium has a density of 22.6 g/cm³. What volume (in cm³) would be occupied by a 21.8 g sample of osmium?

A) 2.03 × 10^{- 3}
B) 1.04
C) 493
D) 0.965
E) 2.03 × 10³

Question 35

How many significant figures are in the measurement 5.34 g?

A) 4
B) 2
C) 3
D) 1
E) 5

Question 36

Acceleration due to gravity of a free- falling object is 9.8 m/s². Express this in millimeters/millisecond².

A) 9.8 × 10^{- 6}
B) 9.8 × 10⁶
C) 9.8 × 10^{- 9}
D) 9.8 × 10^{- 3}
E) 9.8 × 10³

Question 37

Round the number 0.007222 to three significant figures.

A) 0.00723
B) 0.007
C) 0.0072
D) 0.00722
E) 0.007225

Question 38

An element cannot .

A) be part of a heterogeneous mixture
B) be a pure substance
C) be part of a homogeneous mixture
D) interact with other elements to form compounds
E) be separated into other substances by chemical means

Question 39

In which one of the following numbers are all of the zeros significant?

A) 0.1000
B) 100.090090
C) 0.143290
D) 00.0030020
E) 0.05843

Question 40

One angstrom, symbolized Å, is 10^{- 10} m. 1 cm³ = ų.

A) 10^{- 30}
B) 10^{- 24}
C) 10³⁰
D) 10^{- 9}
E) 10²⁴

Question 41

Of the following, only is an extensive property.

A) mass
B) density
C) freezing point
D) temperature
E) boiling point

Question 42

The symbol for the element phosphorous is _.

Question 43

Which one of the following is not an intensive property?

A) boiling point
B) density
C) mass
D) melting point
E) temperature

Question 44

A combination of sand, salt, and water is an example of a _.

A) pure substance
B) solid
C) homogeneous mixture
D) heterogeneous mixture
E) compound

Question 45

A cube of an unknown metal measures 1.61 mm on one side. The mass of the cube is 36 mg. Which of the following is most likely the unknown metal?

A) vanadium
B) zirconium
C) copper
D) niobium
E) rhodium

Question 46

Accuracy refers to _ _.

A) how close a measured number is to other measured numbers
B) how close a measured number is to zero
C) how close a measured number is to infinity
D) how close a measured number is to the calculated value
E) how close a measured number is to the true value

Question 47

Which one of the following has the element name and symbol correctly matched?

A) Fe, iron
B) N, neon
C) B, bromine
D) S, sodium
E) Tn, tin

Question 48

How many liters of wine can be held in a wine barrel whose capacity is 26.0 gal? 1 gal = 4 qt = 3.7854 L.

A) 0.146
B) 6.87
C) 1.46 × 10^{- 4}
D) 6.87 × 10³
E) 98.4

Question 49

Which one of the following is an intensive property?

A) temperature
B) mass
C) volume
D) amount
E) heat content

Question 50

The width, length, and height of a large, custom- made shipping crate are 1.22 m, 3.22 m, and 0.83 m, respectively. The volume of the box using the correct number of significant figures is m³.

A) 3.3
B) 3.261
C) 3.26057
D) 3.26
E) 3.2606

Question 51

Of the following, is the smallest mass.

A) 2.5 × 10⁹ fg
B) 2.5 × 10¹⁰ ng
C) 2.5 × 10^{- 2} mg
D) 25 kg
E) 2.5 × 10¹⁵ pg

Question 52

In the following list, only is not an example of a chemical reaction.

A) the formation of polyethylene from ethylene
B) dissolution of a penny in nitric acid
C) a burning candle
D) the rusting of iron
E) the condensation of water vapor

Question 53

Round the following number to four significant figures and express the result in standard exponential notation:
229.613

A) 2.296 × 10^{- 2}
B) 22.96 × 10^{- 1}
C) 0.2296 × 10³
D) 2.296 × 10²
E) 229.6

Question 54

The law of constant composition says .

A) that all substances have the same composition
B) that the composition of a compound is always the same
C) that the composition of a heterogeneous mixture is always the same
D) that the composition of a homogeneous mixture is always the same
E) that the composition of an element is always the same

Question 55

What decimal power does the abbreviation f represent?

A) 1 × 10⁶
B) 1 × 10^{- 15}
C) 1 × 10^{- 12}
D) 1 × 10^{- 1}
E) 1 × 10³

Question 56

Which one of the following is true about the liter?

A) It is the SI base unit for volume.
B) It is equivalent to a cubic decimeter.
C) It is slightly smaller than a gallon.
D) It contains 10⁶ cubic centimeters.
E) It is slightly smaller than a quart.

Question 57

For which of the following can the composition vary?

A) both homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures
B) pure substance
C) homogeneous mixture
D) heterogeneous mixture
E) element

Question 58

How many significant figures should be retained in the result of the following calculation?
12.00000 × 0.9893 + 13.00335 × 0.0107

A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5
E) 6

Question 59

Precision refers to _.

A) how close a measured number is to other measured numbers
B) how close a measured number is to infinity
C) how close a measured number is to zero
D) how close a measured number is to the calculated value
E) how close a measured number is to the true value

Question 60

The correct answer (reported to the proper number of significant figures) to the following is
.
11.5 × 8.78 = __________

Question 61

A one degree of temperature difference is the smallest on the temperature scale.

A) Kelvin
B) Celsius
C) Kelvin and Celsius
D) Fahrenheit and Celsius
E) Fahrenheit

Question 62

38.325 lbs = _____________grams.

Question 63

There are _ ng in a pg.

A) 0.01
B) 1000
C) 10
D) 0.001
E) 100

Question 64

1 milligram =_______________ micrograms

Question 65

There should be _ significant figures in the answer to the following computation.

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Question 66

Gases do not have a fixed as they are able to be .

Question 67

A certain liquid has a density of 2.67 g/cm³. 30.5 mL of this liquid would have a mass of __________ Kg.

A) 0.0114
B) 81.4
C) 11.4
D) 0.0814
E) 0.0875

Question 68

1.035 × 10^{- 4} L = _ mL

Question 69

Momentum is defined as the product of mass and velocity. The SI unit for momentum is ?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 70

The correct answer (reported to the proper number of significant figures) to the following is
.
(1815- 1806) × (9.11 × 7.92) = __________

Question 71

Mass and volume are often referred to as properties of substances.

Question 72

1 picometer = centimeters

A) 1 × 10¹⁰
B) 1 × 10^{- 10}
C) 1 × 10^{- 8}
D) 1 × 10^{- 12}
E) 1 × 10⁸

Question 73

"Absolute zero" refers to .

A) °C + 9/5(°F - 32)
B) 273.15°C
C) 0 Kelvin
D) 0° Celsius
E) 0° Fahrenheit

Question 74

The number 1.00430 has significant figures.

A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5
E) 6

Question 75

A certain liquid has a density of 2.67 g/cm³. 1340 g of this liquid would occupy a volume of__________L.

A) 35.8
B) 50.2
C) 3.58
D) 1.99 × 10^{- 3}
E) 0.502

Question 76

A concise verbal statement or mathematical equation that summarizes a broad variety of observations and experiences is called a(n) .

A) experiment
B) hypothesis
C) test
D) law
E) theory

Question 77

If matter is uniform throughout, cannot be separated into other substances by physical processes, but can be decomposed into other substances by chemical processes, it is called a (an) .

A) element
B) compound
C) heterogeneous mixture
D) homogeneous mixture
E) mixture of elements

Question 78

The quantity _ m is the same as 3 km.

A) 0.003
B) 3000
C) 0.03
D) 30
E) 300

Question 79

A temperature of _ K is the same as 63°F.

A) 290
B) 336
C) 276
D) 17
E) 29

Question 80

Sn is the symbol for the element _.