Deck 9: Adlerian Individual Counseling

Question 1

Basic mistakes result in _________________ and _______________.

A) trauma; loss
B) personality issues; low self esteem
C) inferiority; low social interest
D) loss of security; low personal tolerance

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Before Adlerian counselors can move to working and closing phase goals, which focus mostly on increasing social interest, they must first address early phase goals which address crisis symptoms.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Adlerian counselors should be role models for social interest, which Adler defined as inherently requiring ___________________.

A) encouragement
B) empathy
C) patience
D) social superiority

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Faulty interpretations based on the lifestyle, or attitudes of the person, are referred to as ________________________.

A) conscious choice
B) primary errors
C) bad attitudes
D) basic mistakes

Question 5

Adlerian assessment identifies the client's level of social interest in each of the six life tasks, which include all of the following, EXCEPT: ___________________________.

A) work
B) communal life and friendship
C) love relationships
D) personal happiness

Question 6

Alfred Adler developed individual psychology which is brief (less than 20 sessions), present oriented, and directive, and in which the counselor's primary role is __________________.

A) observational
B) educational
C) reactive
D) passive

Question 7

Adler considered birth order important in understanding ____________________.

A) social superiority
B) psychosis
C) human behavior
D) biological inferiority

Question 8

Adler considered two parenting styles: pampering and neglect, and argued that ___________________________________________.

A) All children generally develop social interest and pursue self-improvement in order to gain approval.
B) Pampered children generally develop more social interest and pursue self-improvement because of the example the parents have set.
C) Neglected children may suffer, but are more likely to develop social interest and pursue self-improvement.
D) Children that result from either style of parenting have equally likely to either thrive or succeed, indicating that parenting does not have a role in forming the child.

Question 9

Which of the following statements best describes Adler's belief about striving for superiority and betterment of self?

A) In the natural effort to better the self, each person develops a lifestyle, a set of attitudes that becomes a template through which the person makes sense of life.
B) In the natural effort to fit into the social environment, each person develops a lifestyle, a set of attitudes that becomes a template through which the person makes sense of life.
C) In the natural effort to attain status or wealth, each person sometimes develops a negative attitude that becomes a template through which they then view life.
D) In the natural effort to hide deeper parts of the self, each person develops a lifestyle, a set of attitudes that helps to protect the person from embarrassment.

Question 10

The term ________________ refers to a person subjectively experiencing having something in common with others and being part of a community, and is a basic premise of Adlerian counseling.

A) social interest or community feeling
B) oneness
C) conscious choice
D) egalitarianism

Question 11

Which three general categories do Adlerians use for psychodynamic formulation during assessment?

A) interpsychic, intrapsychic; extropsychic
B) social factors; social motivation; social status
C) neurotic symptoms; psychotic symptoms; personality disorders
D) ego identity; the Self; persona

Question 12

Individual inferiority impairs a person's social interest and includes all of the following forms EXCEPT: _____________________________.

A) biological inferiority
B) cosmic inferiority
C) personal inferiority
D) educational inferiority

Question 13

Which statement is most true about the directive nature of the Adlerian approach?

A) The counselor cannot be both egalitarian and directive.
B) The directive nature of the approach requires counselors to "make the client see" her or her basic mistakes.
C) Directiveness is an encouraging, non-hierarchical style which uses the form of education.
D) The counselor should be more directive than egalitarian as it best represents the counselor role as educator.

Question 14

__________________ is a key concept in Adlerian counseling and requires the counselor to believe that clients can change their lives and to inspire them to take real-world action based on insight.

A) encouragement
B) lifestyle
C) high social interest
D) social superiority

Question 15

When assessing for social interest, Adlerian counselors listen to how clients describe their lives and problems and consider all of the following three description of client social interest, EXCEPT: ___________________________.

A) high social interest
B) low social interest: "successful person"
C) medium social interest
D) low social interest: "failure"

Question 16

The counselor's primary role in this approach is helping the client to understand mistaken beliefs and improve social relatedness.

Question 17

Establishing an egalitarian relationship is the first stage in Adlerian counseling. What are the other three stages?

A) The other three stages are: define lifestyle, gain insight, make connections.
B) The other three stages are: develop a sense of belonging, encourage catharsis, reorientate.
C) The other three stages are: assess lifestyle, encourage insight, educate/reorientate.
D) The other three stages are: define Self, encourage insight, develop social interest.

Question 18

Lifestyle assessment is at the heart of Adlerian case conceptualization and refers to the client's fundamental beliefs about what is ____________, ___________, ____________.

A) right, wrong; acceptable
B) valuable in life; ideal; to be avoided
C) superior; inferior; valueless
D) negative emotion; positive emotion; devoid of emotion

Question 19

Which of the following statements best expresses the long term goal of Adlerian counseling?

A) The goal is for clients to develop the courage to face their insecurities and go to the places they fear most.
B) The goal is for clients to formulate meaningful social connection in order to heal childhood hurts.
C) The goal is for clients to correct basic mistakes so the client does not make mistakes in the future.
D) The goals is for clients to understand their place in the larger social community, which can be considered social interest.

Question 20

Which of the following statements best describes the Adlerian use of "the question" in assessment?

A) Clients are expected to respond directly by providing answers regarding what is being avoided.
B) Counselors frame questions in such a way that clients can avoid insecurities and feel successful.
C) The question is designed to help the client see negative attitudes that become the way in which they view life.
D) The question assesses the underlying purpose for the symptom because the response often provides clues to what is being avoided.

Question 21

The goal: develop more realistic expectations of performance at work is an example of ______________________.

A) an initial phase goal
B) a working phase goal
C) a closing phase goal
D) a non-Adlerian goal

Question 22

What does it mean to "establish an egalitarian relationship" with the client?

Question 23

Closing phase goals in Adlerian therapy seek to go beyond lack of symptoms and move toward _____________________________________________.

A) decreasing feelings of loneliness, parental anger, trauma, and loss
B) focusing on insecurities which affect the quality of relationships
C) developing habits of living that promote wellness and social interest
D) encouraging clients to recognize basic mistakes before they happen in order to prevent further mistakes

Question 24

Why does Adlerian counseling lend itself well to working with diverse clients?

Question 25

The statement, "Your depression sure has gotten people to pay attention to you" is an example of ____________________ - making overt the covert benefits and hidden power of having a symptom, which once revealed, will leave a "bad taste".

A) spitting in the soup
B) false accusations
C) symptom-based statements
D) antagonism

Question 26

A promising evidence-based Adlerian approach is Systemic Training for Effective Parenting (STEP), which helps parents develop _____________________________.

A) social interest and cooperative behaviors
B) spirituality and empathic responses
C) understanding of the child's world through psychoeducation
D) strict disciplinary principles

Question 27

Adlerian interpretation attempts to identify the purpose of the ____________

A) diagnosis
B) symptom
C) session
D) goal

Question 28

Adlerian counseling can be well suited for work with diverse populations because it is rooted in all of the following concepts, EXCEPT: _____________________________.

A) social interest
B) spirituality
C) social factors
D) individual development

Question 29

Adler viewed any attempts to see oneself as superior to another human being as a sign of __________________, providing a strong antiracist, anti-sexist, and anti-heterosexist foundation to the theory.

A) low personal tolerance
B) pampering
C) maladjustment
D) strong development

Question 30

Explain the role of psychoeducation in Adlerian counseling.

Question 31

Which of the following statements is true about Adlerian counseling and working with sexual diversity?

A) Adler conceptualized same-sex attraction as neurosis, which contemporary practitioners have gone to great lengths to correct and to reconceptualize the theory.
B) Adler was ahead of his time regarding same-sex attraction, which contemporary practitioners have gone to great lengths to continue and to reconceptualize the theory.
C) Adler championed disparity issues between genders, and in his work regarding same-sex relationships, has gone to great lengths to correct social injustice.
D) Adler was not concerned with same-sex attraction, and encouraged future practitioners to go to great lengths to correct and to reconceptualize same-sex issues.

Question 32

What is the relationship of individual inferiority to social interest?

Question 33

Adlerian counselors should take great care when ________________ and _______________ with diverse populations in order to avoid being offensive.

A) assessing for crisis; goal setting
B) providing psychoeducation; assessing social interest
C) being directive; spitting in the soup
D) expressing encouragement; establishing egalitarian relationships

Question 34

What is Adler's theory regarding social interest?

Question 35

Adlerian counselors identify all of the following as self-statements that clients make as targets for intervention EXCEPT: ____________________________________.

A) inferiority-based self statements
B) inadequacy-based self statements
C) guilt-base self statements
D) symptom-based self statements

Question 36

One of the predominant interventions in all phases of Adlerian counseling is ________________.

A) dream analysis
B) symptom diagnosis
C) psychoeducation
D) emotional catharsis