Deck 8: Facility and Work Design

Question 1

Three work study analysts are rating an employee.Work study analyst 1 rates the employee at performance rating factor = 1.0 and an observed time of 2.8 minutes per unit.Work study analyst 2 rates the employee at PRF = 1.1 and an OT of 3.1 minutes per unit.Work study analyst 3 rates the employee at PRF = 0.8 and an OT of 3.0 minutes per unit.What should the standard time be,assuming an allowance factor of 20%?

A) 3.560 minutes per unit
B) 3.339 minutes per unit
C) 3.444 minutes per unit
D) 3.667 minutes per unit

Answer 1

3.444 minutes per unit

Question 2

_____ is concerned with improving productivity and safety by designing workplaces,equipment,instruments,computers,workstations,and so on that take into account the physical capabilities of people.

A) Ergonomics
B) Employee motivation
C) Job design
D) Job enrichment

Answer 2

Ergonomics

Question 3

_____ is the interval between successive outputs coming off the assembly line.

A) Idle time
B) Cycle time
C) Lack-of-work delay
D) Blocking delay

Answer 3

Cycle time

Question 4

The design of service facilities requires the clever integration of layout with the servicescape and process design to support service encounters.

Question 5

A Gallup study showed that there is no significant difference found in the productivities among workers who are allowed to personalize their workplaces and those who are not.

Question 6

Which of the following is true of a cellular layout?

A) It remains stationary rather than moving work-in-process from one work center to another.
B) Its workflow is not standardized.
C) It is not designed according to the functional characteristics of equipment.
D) Its quality problems are not addressed timely.

Question 7

Organizations that need the ability to provide a wide variety of services to customers with differing requirements usually use a _____ layout.

A) cellular
B) process
C) fixed-position
D) product

Question 8

A _____ layout is an arrangement based on the sequence of operations that is performed during the manufacturing of a good or delivery of a service.

A) product
B) process
C) cellular
D) fixed-position

Question 9

_____ is a technique to group tasks among workstations so that each workstation has-in the ideal case-the same amount of work.

A) Job enlargement
B) Assembly-line balancing
C) Cellular manufacturing
D) Job enrichment

Question 10

FancyTrends Inc.,a handbag manufacturing company,assembles handbags in an assembly line using 10 workstations.The target output for an 8 hour workday is 120 bags.The sum of the task times is 30 minutes/bag.The cycle time is 4 minutes/bag.The assembly-line efficiency is _____.

A) 65%
B) 70%
C) 75%
D) 80%

Question 11

In a cellular layout,additional floor space is required because machines are not very closely linked within a cell.

Question 12

Compared to product layouts,process layouts:

A) require a lower investment in equipment.
B) provide less flexibility.
C) have high equipment utilization.
D) have less materials-handling costs.

Question 13

Which of the following is a limitation of a process layout?

A) It affects the entire system if any equipment in the layout fails.
B) It has higher worker skill requirements.
C) It has highly specialized equipment requirements.
D) It generally requires a low investment for the production of machines.

Question 14

_____ layouts usually require a high level of planning and control compared with other types of facility layouts.

A) Product
B) Process
C) Cellular
D) Fixed-position

Question 15

Research has shown that bringing the outdoor environment into the workplace lowers stress.

Question 16

Process layouts require simple planning and control systems.

Question 17

According to a study conducted by Software Advice,the likelihood of consumers buying a particular product remains unaffected even when the production of that product causes reduced environmental impact.

Question 18

The production of large goods such as ships is best accomplished using a _____ layout.

A) product
B) process
C) cellular
D) fixed-position

Question 19

In the context of assembly-line balancing,_____ is the difference between total time available and the sum of the actual times for productive tasks.

A) blocking delay
B) lack-of-work delay
C) idle time
D) cycle time

Question 20

Facility layout does not enhance sustainability in service-producing organizations.

Question 21

One of the advantages of a product layout is that it:

A) can easily accommodate a change in product design.
B) has low work-in-process inventories.
C) does not usually require highly specialized equipment.
D) can easily accommodate new products.

Question 22

In a cellular layout,the procedure of classifying parts with similar processing requirements into families is called _____.

A) group technology
B) traits analysis
C) batch processing
D) commonality identification

Question 23

_____ is vertical expansion of job duties to give the worker more responsibility.

A) Employee empowerment
B) Job enlargement
C) Employee recognition
D) Job enrichment

Question 24

Identify the most suitable layout for a facility that handles a wide variety of customized orders.

A) A fixed-position layout
B) A cellular layout
C) A product layout
D) A process layout

Question 25

Megan plans the facility layout of her new shop that would sell a variety of healthcare industry machines.She arranges the machines in a way that the machines are grouped according to their functions.Which of the following types of facility layouts has Megan used in her shop?

A) A process layout
B) A product layout
C) A cellular layout
D) A fixed-position layout

Question 26

One of the differences between product layouts and process layouts is that unlike product layouts,process layouts:

A) require highly specialized equipment.
B) provide more flexibility.
C) have higher automation potential.
D) have less materials-handling costs.

Question 27

An assembly line with 30 activities is to be balanced.The total amount of time required for all 30 activities is 45 minutes.The line will operate for 360 minutes per day.Which of the following must be the cycle time to achieve an output rate of 200 units/day?

A) 0.66 minutes
B) 1.5 minutes
C) 1.8 minutes
D) 4.5 minutes

Question 28

A _____ is a reasonable estimate of the amount of time needed to perform a task based on an analysis of the work by an operations expert.

A) standard time
B) time study
C) standard measurement
D) work measurement

Question 29

One of the disadvantages of a product layout is that it has:

A) high materials handling.
B) high work-in-progress inventory.
C) low flexibility.
D) low labor utilization.

Question 30

Which of the following is true of fixed-position layouts?

A) The changeover requirements are low.
B) The automation potential is moderate.
C) The volume of product demand is high.
D) The equipment utilization is high.

Question 31

The objective of assembly-line balancing is to:

A) minimize the imbalance among workstations while trying to achieve a desired output rate.
B) maximize the cost of operations while trying to reduce the cycle time.
C) maximize the cycle time while trying to minimize the cost of operations.
D) minimize the imbalance among workstations while trying to maximize the cycle time.

Question 32

The first approach to designing process layouts is used when it is difficult to obtain data on costs or volumes moved between departments.The second approach focuses on the costs associated with moving materials.Identify a major difference between these two approaches.

A) The first approach relies on materials-handling costs as the primary criterion while the second approach relies on a preference table that specifies the importance of two departments being close to one another.
B) The first approach relies on materials-handling costs as the primary criterion while the second approach uses the geometric centroid of each department.
C) The first approach uses the geometric centroid of each department while the second approach relies on materials-handling costs as the primary criterion.
D) The first approach relies on a preference table that specifies the importance of two departments being close to one another while the second approach relies on materials-handling costs as the primary criterion.

Question 33

Which of the following is an objective of ergonomics?

A) To increase the cost of doing a job while reducing fatigue
B) To reduce energy requirements while increasing accuracy
C) To increase the possibility of human errors while decreasing the cost of training
D) To reduce the flexibility in an operation while increasing speed

Question 34

Which of the following types of facility layouts is best suited for a heavy machine tools factory?

A) A product layout
B) A process layout
C) A cellular layout
D) A fixed-position layout