Deck 11: Neoliberalism Beyond

Question 1

Which of the following concepts did the "new left" reject?

A) the free market
B) social distribution
C) equality
D) democracy

Answer 1

the free market

Question 2

What happened to Michelle Bachelet and her family during Pinochet's government?

A) They were detained and tortured repeatedly.
B) Nothing in particular happened to them.
C) They were exiled to Argentina.
D) They decided to become politicians.

Answer 2

They were detained and tortured repeatedly.

Question 3

Which of the following statements best describes Fernando Henrique Cardoso?

A) a Marxist sociology professor who ruled Brazil with an iron fist
B) a Marxist sociology professor who inspired a generation of social scientists
C) a Brazilian dictator
D) president of Brazil; governed as a radical Marxist

Answer 3

a Marxist sociology professor who inspired a generation of social scientists

Question 4

Which class benefited the most from the neoliberal economic policies?

A) lower class
B) middle class
C) landowners
D) All social classes benefited in equal terms.

Question 5

Which of the following was a direct consequence of the breakup of the Soviet Union?

A) It left the United States as the world champion of capitalism and only superpower in the world of a new line of thought.
B) Russia became the world champion of communism.
C) It promoted socialism in Latin America.
D) It created a rebellion against the Russian Royalty.

Question 6

By the 1980s, most Latin American countries found themselves in the middle of a debt crisis. Who owned most of their debts?

A) the landowners
B) foreign banks
C) the National State
D) the United States

Question 7

Why was the new generation of liberals of the 1980s known as "neoliberals"?

A) They maintained the ideals of liberalism, but belonged to a new generation.
B) They proposed a new ideology.
C) They radicalized liberalism.
D) They were antiliberals.

Question 8

What does IMF stand for?

A) International Monetary Fund
B) Internal Monetary Fund
C) International Mothers Foundation
D) Integrated Monetary Fund

Question 9

What did the leaders of the "new left" commit themselves to do?

A) spread socialism
B) place the well-being of the lower class above the logic of capitalism
C) give money to the poor
D) pass inclusive policies

Question 10

In terms of economic policies, what did the neoliberals believe in?

A) in the social welfare system
B) in the expropriation of foreign-owned corporations
C) in the free market
D) in imposing high tariffs

Question 11

What was the Chilean economic situation in terms of wealth distribution in the 1990s?

A) The national government kept all wealth to itself.
B) unsteady
C) steady
D) unequal

Question 12

What are the names of the two largest Marxist guerrilla armies in Colombia?

A) FARC and NARC
B) There are no Marxist guerrillas in Colombia.
C) NARC and ELN
D) ELN and FARC

Question 13

What was a negative feature of neoliberalism?

A) undemocratic governments
B) unequal economic growth
C) equality
D) socialism

Question 14

Which is the political ideology that generally accompanies capitalism?

A) neoliberalism
B) communism
C) liberalism
D) socialism

Question 15

How did leaders of the "new left" react toward capitalism?

A) They rejected it.
B) They embraced it with open arms.
C) They understood it was unavoidable.
D) They were indifferent to it.

Question 16

Which statement best describes a "maquiladora"?

A) a machine used in the rural areas
B) a women using a sewing machine
C) a group of animals
D) an assembly plant

Question 17

According to Chasteen, which country was considered the "neoliberal poster child"?

A) Argentina
B) Chile
C) Brazil
D) Colombia

Question 18

Which country voted Evo Morales as president in 2006?

A) Guatemala
B) Chile
C) Bolivia
D) Paraguay

Question 19

Which of the following was a direct consequence of neoliberalism?

A) low unemployment rates
B) high unemployment rates
C) dictatorships
D) high tariffs

Question 20

Which statement best describes the situation in Chile during the 1990s?

A) Chile enjoyed low inflation, good credit, steady growth, and diversified exports.
B) Chile defaulted in its foreign debt.
C) Chile had never had a dictator in power.
D) Chile suffered from high inflation and bad credit.

Question 21

Which of the following features do all Zapatistas share?

A) They all have some kind of indigenous descent.
B) They are wealthy.
C) They want to be powerful.
D) They promote land redistribution.

Question 22

What does "mestizaje" mean in Latin America?

A) Mestizaje means that everyone is part of the racial mix that characterizes the region.
B) Mestizaje means that only people with indigenous descent are true Latin Americans.
C) Mestizaje means that people of indigenous descent should accept their place in the new nations.
D) Mestizaje means that not everyone is part of the racial mix that characterizes the region.

Question 23

Did the Zapatistas support neoliberalism?

A) No, they did not.
B) Yes, the Zapatistas and the neoliberals were allies.
C) The Zapatistas did not care about neoliberalism.
D) The Zapatistas only agreed with some aspects of neoliberalism.

Question 24

Did Latin American nations manage to transcend racism at the turn of the twentieth century?

A) No, they did not.
B) Yes, they absolutely did.
C) Only some countries did.
D) They only diminished it.

Question 25

By the end of the twentieth century, in which of the following countries did Protestantism grow the most?

A) Argentina
B) Mexico
C) Paraguay
D) Brazil