Deck 7: Theoretical Foundations of Community Health Nursing

Question 1

Which of the following theories pushes community health nurses to consider the web-like influences at play in any situation and the interrelationships among multiple agents in the system?

A) Critical social theory
B) Feminist theory
C) Complexity science theory
D) Intersectionality theory

Answer 1

Complexity science theory

Question 2

Community health nurses use theories to inform their practice. Which of the following statements is true about the use of theories:

A) Community health nurses must use only community health nursing theories
B) Community health nurses only use nursing theories
C) Community health nurses often use theories from other disciplines
D) Community health nurses only use theories from medical science

Answer 2

Community health nurses often use theories from other disciplines

Question 3

Emily is a community health nurse that needs to address the underlying power differentials and social inequities at a meat packing plant that hires a large portion of immigrant people. Which type of theory should Emily consider using to guide her practice?

A) Critical social theory
B) Integrative theory
C) Immigrant health promotion theory
D) Intersectionality theory

Answer 3

Critical social theory

Question 4

An important philosophical value in community health nursing is to promote the common good. This means that:

A) Decisions are made based on shared human interests
B) Interests of the individual needs to be a priority
C) The few people who have specialized knowledge should make decisions for all
D) The person who is most at risk needs to be in control

Question 5

When community health nurses work with vulnerable families living in poverty, it is especially important to develop a trusting and respectful relationship with them. It is important to understand how personal, interpersonal, and contextual elements shape people's experiences. What middle range theory listed below is best suited for such situations?

A) Critical caring theory
B) Relational inquiry
C) Strengths based theory
D) Theory of human becoming

Question 6

Which type of theories are the least complex, contain fewer concepts, and refer to specific, well-defined phenomena?

A) Substantive theories
B) Grand theories
C) Middle range theories
D) Broad theories

Question 7

Sameera, a community health nurse, is working in a low-income neighbourhood. In order to assess the health status of the neighbourhood, she gathers information about the interplay among the community and the social, institutional, and cultural context of people-environment relations. What theory is Sameera using to guide her community health nursing practice?

A) Community as partner theory
B) Multiple interventions theory
C) Community assessment theory
D) Social ecological theory

Question 8

Susan is a public health nurse who engages in home visits with new mothers who are at risk of poor parenting practices. Susan works with her clients to build trusting relationships. To increase the effectiveness of home visiting and to establish a connected relationship, which theory guides Susan to understand mothers' perspectives as they build trust together?

A) Relational inquiry theory of working with young families
B) Critical caring theory to working with unsusceptible families
C) Theory of maternal engagement with public health nurses and family visitors
D) Self-care deficit theory of nursing to identify health needs

Question 9

Orem's (1985) Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory is best used in which type of community health nursing practice?

A) Working with families
B) Working with war veterans
C) Working with homeless teens
D) Working with politicians

Question 10

What type of knowledge represents the most abstract level of knowledge, identifies the phenomenon of central concern to a discipline, and describes concepts and the relationships among them?

A) Conceptual frameworks
B) Grand theories
C) Metaparadigms
D) Philosophies

Question 11

What term is used to describe an organized, coherent, and systematic articulation of a set of statements related to significant questions in a discipline?

A) A framework
B) A model
C) A theory
D) A philosophy

Question 12

What term is used to describe the capacity of a community health nurse to recognize social and political problems of injustice or inequity, to realize that things could be different, and to piece together complex elements of experience and context to change a situation?

A) Empirical knowing
B) Aesthetic knowing
C) Emancipatory knowing
D) Ethical knowing

Question 13

Stephanie is using the supportive care model for end of life care of a client in home care. Which Canadian Community Health Nursing Standard of Practice does this model align with?

A) Health promotion
B) Health maintenance, restoration, and palliation
C) Prevention and health protection
D) Professional accountability

Question 14

Carper (1978) identified four fundamental patterns of knowing in nursing. Which of the following is a correct representation of Carper's patterns of knowing?

A) Aesthetic knowing, personal knowing, ethical knowing, and empirical knowing
B) Scientific knowing, interpersonal knowing, ethical knowing, and empirical knowing
C) Empirical knowing, moral knowing, legal knowing, and interpersonal knowing
D) Scientific knowing, surface knowing, legal knowing, and ethical knowing

Question 15

Over the past three decades, many nurses have expressed a concern about the lack of theory development in community health nursing. Why is this such a significant concern?

A) Because nursing theories were originally developed to focus on population health
B) Because it is difficult to adapt theories that were developed to focus on individual illness to the community settings where health promotion is the focus
C) Because nursing theories often depict community problems as isolated events rather than as representative of a pattern of illnesses seen at the family level
D) Because primary care nursing needs to focus more on social justice, health equity, and advocacy

Question 16

George is working with the Bearskin Lake First Nation in Northern Ontario. He considers the historical influences have shaped the present context of the health of the community. What theoretical perspective is guiding George's community health nursing practice?

A) Reservist theory
B) Postcolonial theory
C) Feminist theory
D) Historical theory

Question 17

Scott is a community health nurse working with the homeless population. He uses a model that has two dimensions: (1) the client system and (2) the focus of care. Scott realizes that working with this population will entail health promotion, the prevention of illness, disease, and injury as well as illness care. Which model will best serve Scott in his nursing practice?

A) The community health prevention model
B) The intervention circle
C) The integrative model for community health nursing
D) The family assessment model

Question 18

Kenya is a community health nurse working with homeless teenagers in an inner-city community. As part of her nursing practice, Kenya helps her clients to identify the positive things in their lives, the things that are working well, and uses clients' strengths to help them deal with problems. Which middle range theory is Kenya using?

A) Critical caring theory
B) Critical social theory
C) Intersectionality theory
D) Strengths based theory

Question 19

Sunil, a community health nurse, has brought a team of community stakeholders together. On a white board, Sunil identifies various issues in the community. They discuss and organize the issues according to the determinants of health. The team identifies potential community-level interventions for the issues. By engaging in this process, the team of stakeholders is developing a:

A) A theory
B) A conceptual framework
C) A philosophy
D) A metaparadigm

Question 20

Takeshi is a community health nurse who is working with children who sustained playground injuries and their families. In order to build rapport with the families in the community, Takeshi is authentically present and works together with the families to seek creative solutions to prevent further injuries. Takeshi shows her clients respect, compassion, and dignity. What adjective best describes Takeshi's community health nursing practice?

A) Trusting
B) Understanding
C) Sympathy
D) Caring

Question 21

Discuss the importance of the Intervention Wheel

Question 22

Describe the Canadian Community as Partner Model

Question 23

In his community health nursing practice, Jesse facilitates the establishment of a "good food box" system in an impoverished neighbourhood. In this system, families are charged a small fee and receive seasonal fruits and vegetables once a week. Families normally hear about this via work of mouth and are invited to participate. What theory does Jesse use to guide his practice?

A) Intervention wheel
B) Theory of diffusion of innovation
C) Health promotion
D) Supportive care theory

Question 24

Which of the following theories uses a process through which an innovation spreads via certain communication channels over time among members of a social system?

A) Relational inquiry
B) Theory of human becoming
C) Strengths based theory
D) Theory of diffusion of innovation

Question 25

Why is Orem's Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory applicable to community health nursing practice?

A) Because the underlying self-care philosophy has been embraced by community health nursing
B) Because in the end we all need to take care of ourselves
C) Because all nursing theories are applicable to specialty practice areas
D) Because it is important to know about acute care nursing issues

Question 26

Jasdeep is a community health nurse working with a group of young mothers who are feeding their children a diet high in carbohydrates. Jasdeep identifies an opportunity for health promotion teaching. Which community health nursing conceptual model would help guide Jasdeep's nursing practice?

A) Intervention wheel
B) Roy's adaptation model
C) Health promotion model
D) Relational inquiry

Question 27

Maria is a community health nurse working in a culturally diverse neighbourhood. She engages community members to learn and understand more about local belief systems. She hopes to use this new knowledge to help her community build capacity and decrease inequities in health status. Which middle range theory would best serve Maria?

A) Strengths based theory
B) Relational inquiry
C) Theory of human becoming
D) Critical caring theory