Deck 4: Consequences of Victimization

Question 1

The median dollar amount of loss attributed to crime according to the NCVS was ______.

A) $125
B) $1,000
C) $2,200
D) $5,400

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Victims are said to experience ______ when they feel that responding to victimizations is useless.

A) anxiety
B) revictimization
C) learned helplessness
D) self-blame

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Vicarious victimization may occur when someone is traumatized by ______.

A) seeing a crime occur right in front of them
B) hearing about a crime from a friend
C) watching coverage of violent acts through media
D) reading about violent acts in a true crime book

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Crime victims may experience losses of productivity in which of the following areas?

A) place of employment
B) housework
C) school
D) all of the above

Question 5

The ______ provides us information on the number of deaths attributable to murder and negligent manslaughter.

A) NCVS
B) MMPI
C) UCR
D) GED

Question 6

In 2015, 21% of murder victims were murdered by a(n) ______.

A) family member
B) stranger
C) acquaintance
D) intimate partner

Question 7

About ______ of mental health-care costs are related to crime.

A) 95-100%
B) 70-80%
C) 45-55%
D) 10-20%

Question 8

Persons who experience trauma may display ______.

A) physical symptoms
B) psychological symptoms
C) behavioral symptoms
D) all of the above

Question 9

______ is the most common reason victims report for whey they did not report a crime to police.

A) Personal or private matter
B) Prevent future violence
C) Stop the offender
D) Protect others

Question 10

Which type of self-blame occurs when one believes he can do something to avoid a future victimization?

A) vicarious self-blame
B) recurring self-blame
C) characterological self-blame
D) behavioral self-blame

Question 11

Crime is most likely to be reported when ______.

A) the victim is injured
B) property has been recovered
C) the crime was attempted but did not succeed
D) it is committed against a male

Question 12

______ is not a reason crime victims choose to report a crime.

A) To protect others
B) To stop the offender
C) To prevent future violence
D) Fear of reprisal

Question 13

Approximately 9% of the general public experiences PTSD, but this percentage increases to ______ of crime victims.

A) 10%
B) 25%
C) 45%
D) 53%

Question 14

Insurance companies annually pay about ______ on crime-related claims.

A) $10 million
B) $100 million
C) $1 billion
D) $45 billion

Question 15

Some of physical injuries ______.

A) can be temporary and short-lived
B) can be long-lasting or permanent
C) often do not need medical attention
D) can be temporary and short-lived and can be long-lasting or permanent

Question 16

______ occurs when loved ones of crime victims also suffer the consequences of victimization.

A) Vicarious victimization
B) Risk heterogeneity
C) State dependence
D) Characterological self-blame

Question 17

Criminal acts perpetrated by ______ are more likely to result in injury.

A) strangers
B) nonstrangers
C) young adults
D) older adults

Question 18

The majority of homicides that involved a weapon were perpetrated using a ______.

A) gun
B) knife
C) blunt instrument
D) poison

Question 19

Three ______ responses to victimization that are common are depression, reductions in self-esteem, and anxiety.

A) destructive
B) cognitive
C) reflective
D) affective

Question 20

______ is not an economic cost associated with criminal victimizations.

A) Transportation of victims to the hospital
B) Prescription drugs
C) Coroner costs
D) Groceries for crime victims' families

Question 21

Economic costs can result from reduced quality of life.

Question 22

Motor vehicle theft costs about $1,300 per incident.

Question 23

A larger percentage of ______ were injured than ______ during robbery in 2016.

A) classmates; professionals
B) coworkers; family members
C) friends; strangers
D) females; males

Question 24

According to data from the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) in 2016, ______ of violent victimizations resulted in the victim sustaining physical injuries.

A) 9%
B) 19%
C) 29%
D) 39%

Question 25

Self-harm, also referred to as self-injury or cutting, involves the intentional hurting of oneself, usually with a knife, that is not suicidal in nature.

Question 26

Approximately 16% property crime victims recover any or all of their property.

Question 27

Female victims are particularly vulnerable to reductions in self-esteem and self-worth following victimization.

Question 28

People tend to respond to trauma, including crime victimization, in the same manner.

Question 29

Studies of homicide survivors suggest that they experience many of the same effects of victimization as crime victims themselves.

Question 30

Most of the homicides for which the circumstances were known resulted from a(n) ______.

A) argument
B) intimate partner violence
C) robbery
D) carjacking

Question 31

According to the NCVS, in 2008, 14% of property crimes resulted in economic losses.

Question 32

Victimization does appear to be linked to ______.

A) low self-esteem
B) depression
C) anxiety
D) all of these

Question 33

For PTSD to be diagnosed, symptoms must be experienced for more than ______ and must cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other functional areas.

A) 1 week
B) 1 month
C) 1 year
D) 1 day

Question 34

The lifetime medical costs for all victims of firearm injuries totaled $1.7 million.

Question 35

Physiological responses are dictated by the brain.

Question 36

The United States spends approximately $214 billion on the criminal justice system alone annually.

Question 37

Pain, suffering, and lost quality of life increase the cost of crime by 10×.

Question 38

Crime victims often do not experience tangible losses in terms of having their property damaged or taken.

Question 39

Victimization is a public health issue because of the economic costs incurred by both the victim and the public.

Question 40

About the same percentage of violent crime victims and property crime victims lost time from work due to criminal victimizations.

Question 41

Describe one reason crime victims choose to report and one reason they choose not to report.

Question 42

How might reporting moderate the consequences of victimization?

Question 43

What is the neurobiology of trauma?

Question 44

What are some examples of behavioral reactions?

Question 45

List and describe three of the economic costs associated with victimization.