Deck 5: Commonly Occurring Infections

Question 1

A patient in the 2^nd trimester of pregnancy is diagnosed with bacterial vaginosis. Which medication regimen should the nurse expect to be prescribed for this patient?

A) Metronidazole 500 m g orally one dose
B) Metronidazole 250 m g orally once a day for 7 days
C) Metronidazole 500 m g orally twice a day for 7 days
D) Metronidazole 250 m g orally twice a day for 14 days

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The nurse is providing follow-up education to a client just diagnosed with vaginal herpes. What statement by the client verifies correct knowledge about vaginal herpes?

A) "I should douche daily to prevent infection."
B) "I could have another breakout during my period."
C) "I am more likely to develop cancer of the cervix."
D) "I should use sodium bicarbonate on the lesions to relieve discomfort."

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The nurse in the community clinic is preparing educational materials to be used for teaching patients with sexually transmitted infections. What information should the nurse include regarding the medications metronidazole or tinidazole?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
1. Take this medication until symptoms disappear
2. Abstain from all alcohol while taking these medications
3. Stop taking oral contraceptives while taking these medications
4. Abstain from all alcohol for 72 hours after completing tinidazole
5. Abstain from all alcohol for 24 hours after completing metronidazole

Answer 3

2, 4, 5

Question 4

The nurse provides a couple with education about the consequences of not treating chlamydia, and knows they understand when they make which statement?

A) "She could become pregnant."
B) "She could have severe vaginal itching."
C) "He could get an infection in the tube that carries the urine out."
D) "It could cause us to develop a rash."

Question 5

The nurse seeing a client just diagnosed with Chlamydia trachomatis knows that which client is at greatest risk for the infection?

A) 16-year-old sexually active girl, using no contraceptive
B) 22-year-old mother of two, developed dyspareunia
C) 35-year-old woman on oral contraceptives
D) 48-year-old woman with hot flashes and night sweats

Question 6

The nurse obtains a health history from four clients. To which client should she give priority for teaching about cervical cancer prevention?

A) Age 30, treated for P I D
B) Age 25, monogamous
C) Age 20, pregnant
D) Age 27, uses a diaphragm

Question 7

A patient is concerned about contracting herpes genitalis from a sexual partner and asks the nurse what to expect if the infection is present. In which order should the nurse explain the infection to the patient?
1. Emotional trigger occurs
2. Lesions spontaneously appear
3. Take oral acyclovir as prescribed
4. Virus enters a dormant phase with no lesions
5. Development of single or multiple blister-like vesicles

Question 8

The nurse is seeing clients in the women's clinic. Which client should be treated with ceftriaxone I M and doxycycline orally?

A) A pregnant client with gonorrhea and a yeast infection
B) A nonpregnant client with gonorrhea and chlamydia
C) A pregnant client with syphilis
D) A nonpregnant client with chlamydia and trichomoniasis

Question 9

The nurse is concerned that a patient is at risk for developing vulvovaginal candidiasis (V V
C). What assessment information caused the nurse to have this concern?
1. 16 weeks pregnant
2. +3 glucose in the urine
3. Elevated blood pressure
4. Type 2 diabetes mellitus
5. Edematous lower extremities

Question 10

A female patient comes into the clinic because of concerns about a sore that was present on her labia but spontaneously healed. During the interview the patient asks what could occur if the infection is syphilis. In what order should the nurse explain the course of this sexually transmitted infection?
1. Latent period with no lesions
2. Development of a chancre sore
3. Skin eruptions and sore throat occur
4. Tertiary stage with various symptoms
5. Development of a fever, weight loss, and malaise

Question 11

The nurse is caring for a client hospitalized for pelvic inflammatory disease. Which nursing intervention would have priority?

A) Encourage oral fluids
B) Administer cefotetan Ⅳ
C) Enforce bed rest
D) Remove I U C, if present

Question 12

Which of the following diagnostic tests would the nurse question when ordered for a client diagnosed with pelvic inflammatory disease (P I D)?

A) C B C (complete blood count) with differential
B) Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (V D R L)
C) Throat culture for Streptococcus A
D) R P R (Rapid Plasma Reagin)

Question 13

A nonpregnant client is diagnosed with bacterial vaginosis (B V). What does the nurse expect to administer?

A) Penicillin G 2 million units I M one time
B) Zithromax 1 m g P O bid for 2 weeks
C) Doxycycline 100 m g P O bid for a week
D) Metronidazole 500 m g P O bid for a week

Question 14

A pregnant patient is concerned about the development of several urinary tract infections (U T Is) over the last few months of her pregnancy. What should the nurse explain as reasons for the development of these infections in this patient?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
1. Decrease in bladder tone
2. Hyperemic bladder mucosa
3. Urethral stricture and loss of micturition reflex
4. Ureters elongate and are displaced by the uterus
5. Distal ureters hypertrophy leading to ureteral stenosis

Question 15

The nurse suspects that a patient is experiencing bacterial vaginosis. What finding caused the nurse to make this clinical determination?

A) Dysuria
B) Vaginal itching
C) Thick white vaginal discharge
D) Fishy odor to vaginal discharge

Question 16

Women with pyelonephritis during pregnancy are at significantly increased risk for which condition?

A) Foul-smelling discharge
B) Ectopic pregnancy
C) Preterm labor
D) A colicky large intestine

Question 17

The nurse is preparing an education session for women on the prevention of urinary tract infections (U T Is). Which statement should be included?

A) Lower urinary tract infections rarely occur in women.
B) The most common causative organism of cystitis is E. coli.
C) Wiping from back to front after a B M will help prevent a U T I.
D) Back pain often develops with a lower urinary tract infection.

Question 18

The nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client with a diagnosis of vulvovaginal candidiasis (V V C), and knows the client understands when she makes which of the following statements?

A) "I need to apply the miconazole for 10 days."
B) "I need to douche daily."
C) "I need to add yogurt to my diet."
D) "I need to wear nylon panties."

Question 19

A client comes to the clinic complaining of difficulty urinating, flu-like symptoms, genital tingling, and blister-like vesicles on the upper thigh and vagina. She denies having ever had these symptoms before. The medication the physician is most likely to order would be:

A) Oral acyclovir
B) Ceftriaxone I M
C) Azithromycin P O
D) Penicillin G I M

Question 20

While assisting a female client into the lithotomy position for a pelvic examination the nurse observes the following on the patient's perineum. For which health problem should the nurse expect orders to be written by the healthcare provider?

A) Syphilis
B) Gonorrhea
C) Chlamydia
D) Human papillomavirus

Question 21

A patient treated for a urinary tract infection a month ago is experiencing symptoms of the same infection. What should the nurse suspect is the reason for the reoccurrence of the infection?

A) Using oral contraceptives
B) Wearing cotton underwear
C) Cleansing from front to back
D) Stopped antibiotics after 3 days

Question 22

After a pelvic examination, a patient is scheduled for tests to diagnose pelvic inflammatory disease. Which finding from the physical examination suggested to the nurse practitioner that further testing is required?

A) Cervical tenderness
B) Greenish vaginal discharge
C) Open sores along the vagina
D) Condylomata acuminata on the vulva

Question 23

The nurse is reviewing laboratory testing completed for a patient with suspected pelvic inflammatory disease. Which test result should the nurse identify as supporting this diagnosis?

A) Decreased hematocrit level
B) Elevated sedimentation rate
C) Decreased hemoglobin level
D) Elevated white blood cell count

Question 24

A patient schedules an appointment to be seen in the community clinic for dysuria, urgency, frequency, blood in the urine, and low back pain. For which health problem should the nurse provide care for this patient?

A) Cystitis
B) Pyelonephritis
C) Glomerulonephritis
D) Asymptomatic bacteriuria

Question 25

A patient is being instructed on adverse effects of gonorrhea. For which reason should the nurse instruct the patient to contact the healthcare provider?

A) Dysuria
B) Urinary frequency
C) Sharp abdominal pain
D) Purulent, greenish-yellow vaginal discharge

Question 26

The nurse suspects that a newly admitted patient is experiencing manifestations of hepatitis A. What assessment findings did the nurse use to make this clinical determination?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
1. Rash
2. Fever
3. Jaundice
4. Joint pain
5. Gray-colored stool

Question 27

A patient and her partner are being treated for trichomoniasis. What should the nurse emphasize when teaching the couple about this infection?

A) Avoid intercourse until symptom free
B) Ensure a repeat test is completed in 3 months
C) Limit alcohol intake while taking metronidazole
D) Have annual screening for recurrence of the infection

Question 28

While reviewing data, the nurse determines that a patient is at risk for pelvic inflammatory disease. Which information did the nurse use to make this clinical determination?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
1. Age 23
2. Douches weekly
3. Smokes cigarettes 1 ppd
4. I U D inserted 2 months ago
5. Received H P V vaccination

Question 29

The nurse is planning teaching for a patient diagnosed with hepatitis A. What should the nurse emphasize when instructing the patient about this disease process?

A) It is a chronic illness
B) It is not a chronic illness
C) A vaccination is not available
D) It occurs in East and South Asia

Question 30

The nurse is preparing instructions for a patient newly diagnosed with genital herpes. What should the nurse encourage to promote healing of the lesions?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
1. Take sitz baths
2. Use vaginal sprays
3. Wear cotton underwear
4. Douche after intercourse
5. Wear loose fitting clothing

Question 31

A college student is distraught after being diagnosed with pediculosis pubis. What should the nurse instruct this student to do to help prevent future infections?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
1. Both partners need to be treated
2. Take the prescribed medication for 10 days
3. Avoid all sexual contact until treated and cured
4. Wash bed linens in hot water and dry in a dryer for 20 minutes
5. Testing for other sexually transmitted infections is recommended

Question 32

A patient is being assessed for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (V V
C) infections. What should the nurse instruct this patient to do to help reduce the incidence of infection?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
1. Avoid douching
2. Use vaginal sprays
3. Wear cotton underwear
4. Avoid tight-fitting clothing
5. Apply cornstarch to the vulva

Question 33

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with cystitis. When teaching the client about self-care techniques, which foods or beverages will the nurse advise the client to avoid?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
1. Caffeine
2. Dairy products
3. Alcohol
4. Carbonated beverages
5. Acidic fruit juices

Question 34

A patient seeks medical attention after being exposed to blood during a gang fight several weeks ago. For which types of hepatitis should the nurse anticipate that this patient will be tested?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D
5. E