Deck 3: Blood Cell Production and Function and Relevant Red Cell Morphology

Question 1

Hemoglobin begins to appear in which of the following erythrocyte stages? (listed using College of American Pathologists terminology)

A)Basophilic normoblast
B)Polychromatophilic normoblast
C)Orthochromic normoblast
D)Pronormoblast

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which of the following cells is in the last nucleated stage of erythrocytic maturation? (using CAP terminology)

A)Pronormoblast
B)Orthochromic normoblast
C)Polychromatophilic normoblast
D)Basophilic normoblast

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The higher the N:C ratio is, the more mature the cell.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Pappenheimer bodies are composed of which of the following components?

A)Iron
B)Denatured hemoglobin
C)DNA
D)RNA

Question 5

For a red blood cell to live its full 120-day life span, which condition is necessary?

A)The red blood cell membrane must be deformable.
B)The red blood cell must have enough granules.
C)The red blood cell must always remain in a round shape.
D)There must be enough hemoglobin, regardless of function.

Question 6

Which of the following red cell inclusions are derived from denatured hemoglobin?

A)Howell-Jolly bodies
B)Pappenheimer bodies
C)Heinz bodies
D)Siderotic granules

Question 7

Which of the following electrolytes maintains its highest concentration within the red blood cell cytoplasm as opposed to circulating in the plasma?

A)Sodium
B)Bicarbonate
C)Chloride
D)Potassium

Question 8

Increased plasma cholesterol may lead to the development of which of these abnormal red cell morphologies?

A)Spherocytes
B)Target cells
C)Microcytes
D)Helmet cells

Question 9

When hemolysis is produced by the intravascular fragmentation of red cells, which red cell morphology may be seen in peripheral smear examination?

A)Spherocytes
B)Macrocytes
C)Acanthocytes
D)Schistocytes

Question 10

The degree of effective erythropoietic activity in any hematological disorder can most readily be assessed by which analysis?

A)Red cell count
B)Reticulocyte count
C)M:E ratio
D)Hemoglobin determination

Question 11

Polychromatophilic macrocytes seen in the peripheral smear as a result of anemic stress are most likely which type of red blood cell?

A)Siderocytes
B)Reticulocytes
C)Spherocytes
D)Pappenheimer bodies

Question 12

Most hypochromic cells will have an MCHC that is _____ and are often seen in ________.

A)greater than 36%; thalassemia
B)less than 32%; iron-deficiency anemia
C)greater than 27%; iron-deficiency anemia
D)less than 27%; sideroblastic conditions

Question 13

As a red blood cell matures, what is one key morphological feature of the stages containing a nucleus?

A)Basophilic cytoplasm through every stage of maturation
B)Granules in the cytoplasm
C)A round nucleus
D)An increase in size as the cell matures

Question 14

Which of the following RBC pathways is responsible for providing 90% of the cellular ATP for red cell metabolism?

A)Embden-Meyerhof pathway
B)Methemoglobin reductase pathway
C)Rapoport-Luebering pathway
D)Hexose monophosphate shunt

Question 15

Reversible sickled cells are described as having which of the following shapes?

A)Crescent shape with one pointed projection
B)Crescent shape with two pointed projections
C)Half-moon shape with rounded ends
D)Half-moon shape with pointed projection

Question 16

Microcytic cells have MCV values of _______ and are often seen in _______.

A)less than 90 fL; iron-deficiency anemia
B)less than 80 fL; iron-deficiency anemia
C)greater than 100 fL; megaloblastic anemia
D)greater than 110 fL; megaloblastic anemia

Question 17

What is the red cell protein that is responsible for deformability and flexibility of the red cell?

A)Spectrin
B)Glycophorin
C)Glycine
D)EPO

Question 18

From each pronormoblast precursor cell, _____ mature red blood cells are produced.

A)4
B)8
C)12
D)16

Question 19

Which red cell inclusions are remnants of DNA?

A)Cabot rings
B)Howell-Jolly bodies
C)Heinz bodies
D)Pappenheimer bodies

Question 20

When tissues become hypoxic, which of the following organs is stimulated to release erythropoietin?

A)Pituitary gland
B)Thyroid
C)Pancreas
D)Kidneys

Question 21

The anucleate mature red blood cell has no ability to produce protein.