Deck 3: Statistical Concepts

Question 1

In a follow-up study,a researcher reported that the correlation is .85.In the initial study,the correlation was .78.This means there is aan):

A)Stronger correlation between the variables in the follow-up study
B)Weaker correlation between the variables in the follow-up study
C)Unknown difference between the two studies
D)Error and the researcher should repeat the study

Answer 1

A

Question 2

A teacher reports that the class scores are generally distributed according to a bell curve.This means:

A)the mean,median,and mode have different values
B)the left half and the right half are not symmetrical
C)approximately 95% of the scores fall between -1 and +1 standard deviation from the mean
D)100% of the scores fall between -3 and +3 standard deviations from the mean

Answer 2

D

Question 3

A teacher determines that the correlation between eating breakfast and doing well on the test is zero.This means:

A)a perfect correlation exists
B)there is an absence of a correlation
C)a negative correlation exists
D)the correlation cannot be determined

Answer 3

B

Question 4

A researcher wants to know if IQ predicts success in college.Which analysis is most appropriate?

A)Spearman's rho
B)Factor analysis
C)Regression
D)Pearson's Product Moment Correlation

Question 5

The teacher calculates the highest score as being 97 and the lowest score as being 75.What is the range?

A)22
B)11
C)172
D)86

Question 6

When comparing the four scales of measurement,what distinguishes the interval scale from the ratio scale?

A)Magnitude
B)Equal intervals
C)Absolute zero
D)There is no difference

Question 7

A researcher determines that there is a positive correlation between sleep and test scores.This means as the amount of sleep is increased then test scores:

A)increase
B)decrease
C)remain the same
D)cannot be determined

Question 8

A student conducting a research study was told by her professor to use a scatterplot in conjunction with calculating the correlation coefficient.She discovered that the data points clustered along a straight line.This means:

A)the student cannot determine if a relationship exists
B)no relationship exists between variables
C)a nonlinear relationship exists between variables
D)a linear relationship exists between variables

Question 9

The teacher has a small class with only 7 students.The teacher grades their homework and reports scores of: 10,7,8,12,9,11,and 13.What is the median?

A)10
B)70
C)35
D)15

Question 10

When looking at a list of students' test scores,the teacher notices that one test score is extremely lower than the majority of the scores.This is known as aan):

A)outer point
B)median
C)range
D)outlier

Question 11

If the researcher knows that the mean is 60 and the standard deviation is 6,then the majority of the scores falling between +1 or -1 standard deviation of the mean fall between:

A)60 and 66
B)54 and 60
C)54 and 66
D)Not enough information is provided

Question 12

In studying the correlation between the number of hours studied and scores on the comprehensive exam,the researcher found a correlation of .30.According to Cohen's guidelines,what would this mean regarding the strength of the relationship?

A)Large
B)Medium
C)Small
D)There is no guideline

Question 13

The teacher grades the papers and determines the following set of scores: 90,85,87,85,92,90,83,85,98 What is the mode?

A)92
B)85
C)98
D)83

Question 14

In comparing Spearman's Rho to Phi Coefficient,one would generally prefer to use Spearman's Rho when correlating:

A)Likert scale responses
B)Gender
C)Relationship status
D)Ratio scale variables

Question 15

A researcher is looking for a specific study report,in which he knows the kurtosis value.He reads the following kurtosis value in various reports.Which one supports a mesokurtic distribution?

A)0
B)1
C)-1
D)Unknown

Question 16

A teacher analyzes the scores from a recent test and determines a positively skewed curve.She infers that the majority of students knew:

A)only a few of the answers due to low scores
B)most of the answers due to high scores
C)about half of the answers
D)an undetermined amount due to insufficient data

Question 17

A research team designed a demographic questionnaire to collect information about participants.Which of the following variables identified on the questionnaire provides an example of an ordinal scale variable?

A)Age
B)Weight
C)Rank in the military
D)Relationship Status

Question 18

There are 12 participants who agree to take the test for a study focused on wellness.The total of all the participants' scores is 96.What is the mean?

A)84
B)8
C)1152
D)108

Question 19

The variance is determined to be 36.What would be the standard deviation?

A)6
B)18
C)9
D)Not enough information is provided

Question 20

A group of researchers is attempting to design an instrument that will measure self-esteem.The researchers have an extensive list of traits that may contribute to this construct.Which analysis may assist the research team in narrowing the list of traits into a few dimensions?

A)Spearman's rho
B)Factor analysis
C)Regression
D)Pearson's Product Moment Correlation

Question 21

You are assigned to create a demographic questionnaire for a study.You have the freedom to determine what variables to include;however,you must gather information in 5 questions/statements that includes the following scales: 2 nominal,1 ratio,1 ordinal,and 1 interval.Additionally,you must distinguish which statements/questions are in each scale.

Question 22

Using the following frequency distribution table,construct a histogram and a frequency polygon and label each.

Question 23

A student is assisting her professor with analyzing data,but cannot remember the difference between regression,factor analysis,and Spearman's rho.Explain how you would determine which analysis to conduct and provide an example for each one.

Question 24

A researcher has conducted a study and has obtained a data set.He is seeking your help and requests that you calculate the mean,range,median,and mode and distinguish which of these are measures of central tendency and which are measures of variability.Additionally,he has calculated the variance and standard deviation,and would also like you to classify these measures.He thanks you in advance for your help.The data set is as follows: 14,10,9,16,10,15,14,16,14,11