Deck 18: Double V for Victory

Question 1

The Second World War began with the German invasion of which country in 1939?

A)Poland
B)France
C)Czechoslovakia
D)England

Answer 1

Poland

Question 2

In the fall of September 1941,blacks represented what percentage of the 1.5 million men in the U.S.military?

A)5%
B)15%
C)25%
D)35%

Answer 2

5%

Question 3

Which of the following statements about the March on Washington is LEAST accurate?

A)The March was intended to be an all-black movement rather than an interracial one.
B)The leadership of the March was largely dominated by communists.
C)The March aroused widespread support from urban black communities throughout the eastern United States.
D)Prominent whites met repeatedly with the March's leadership in an ultimately successful attempt to halt it.

Answer 3

The leadership of the March was largely dominated by communists.

Question 4

The League to Maintain White Supremacy was created in response to the

A)desegregation of the military.
B)prohibition of racial discrimination in defense industries.
C)proposed March on Washington.
D)training of black military recruits in southern states.

Question 5

During the 1930s,a rivalry between Max Schmeling and which African-American athlete enhanced anti-German sentiment in the black community?

A)Jesse Owns
B)Theodore Berry
C)Ralph Metcalfe
D)Joe Louis

Question 6

In the summer of 1942,blacks began to train at Camp Lejune to serve in what branch of the military,overturning an exclusionary policy which was as old as the service itself?

A)Navy
B)Army Air Corps
C)Army
D)Marines

Question 7

Which pilot was also the Army's first black general and first black lieutenant general?

A)Oscar DePriest
B)Benjamin O.Davis,Jr.
C)Felix Hall
D)Vernon Baker

Question 8

Between 1942 and 1946,approximately how many African-American soldiers received pilot wings?

A)10
B)100
C)1000
D)10,000

Question 9

Which of the following statements about the U.S.Navy during the Second World War is MOST accurate?

A)The Navy never lifted its ban against allowing blacks women to join the WAVES.
B)The Navy allowed blacks to serve as noncommissioned officers,but would not allow African Americans into its officer training program until the military was desegregated after the war.
C)The Navy established a new camp so that black recruits would not train in the same place as whites.
D)During the war,the Navy only allowed blacks to serve in menial positions,and not to serve as either commissioned or noncommissioned officers.

Question 10

Roughly how many black men and women served in the U.S.military during the Second World War?

A)150,000
B)500,000
C)1,000,000
D)2,500.000

Question 11

The two targets of the "Double V" campaign were

A)the discrimination of blacks by whites and the mistreatment of black women by black men.
B)racial discrimination in the workplace and disenfranchisement at the polls.
C)fascism abroad and racial discrimination at home.
D)Germany in Europe and Japan in the Pacific.

Question 12

In response to the March on Washington,President Roosevelt issued Executive Order 8802 which

A)prohibited employment discrimination in the defense industries.
B)desegregated the armed forces.
C)guaranteed the right to vote for all men who served in the armed services.
D)made lynching a federal crime.

Question 13

Whom did President Roosevelt promote to the rank of brigadier general on the eve of the presidential election of 1940 in an attempt to assuage the feelings of black Americans upset by the perpetuation of racism in the military?

A)Carlton Chapman
B)Charles L.Thomas
C)George Watson
D)Benjamin O.Davis

Question 14

Which executive secretary of the National Association of Graduate Colored Nurses played a crucial role in expanding opportunities for black nurses in the U.S.military?

A)Mabel Staupers
B)Nell Hunter
C)Crystal Bird Fauset
D)Mary McLeod Bethune

Question 15

In his 1941 State of the Union address President Roosevelt spoke of all of the following freedoms EXCEPT

A)freedom from fear.
B)freedom from want.
C)freedom of speech.
D)freedom from discrimination.

Question 16

As the United States drifted to war from 1939 through 1940,and American industries shifted from domestic to war manufacturing,black workers

A)found their opportunities for economic advancement blocked by rigid anti-black policies and the hostility of white workers.
B)gained unprecedented access to skilled jobs on nearly the same scale as white workers.
C)drove many white workers out of the industries because employers preferred to hire blacks,whom they felt they could pay lower wages.
D)were lured from distant lands by employers in industrial centers like Chicago and San Francisco who were desperate for any workers they could acquire.

Question 17

By the end of the Second World War,what was the only branch of the military which retained segregated officer candidate schools?

A)Navy
B)Army Air Corps
C)Army
D)Marines

Question 18

By early spring of 1941,what steps had the federal government taken to promote the hiring of blacks in the defense industries?

A)The federal government had taken no steps to promote the hiring of blacks in defense industries.
B)The federal government had issued statements against discrimination in the defense industry but did not back them with effective enforcement mechanisms.
C)The federal government had established an effective system for ensuring that defense industries did not discriminate against black workers.
D)The federal government left the matter in the hands of state governments,which it encouraged to promote the employment of black workers in the states' home industries.

Question 19

With regard to nurses during most of the Second World War,the U.S.military

A)employed male conscientious objectors instead of women.
B)refused to allow black women to serve in that role or to allow white nurses to tend to black soldiers.
C)employed far more black women than white women because of the dangerous and dirty conditions under which wartime nurses worked.
D)limited the enlistment of black women despite a great need for nurses.

Question 20

An Army base in Tuskegee,Alabama,famously provided blacks with training in

A)tank warfare.
B)covert operations.
C)aviation.
D)demolitions.

Question 21

Who won the Spingarn Medal from the NAACP for his decision to resign from his post as civilian aide to the Secretary of War rather than continue to provide service to a Jim Crow military?

A)Lester Granger
B)William Hastie
C)Carlton Moss
D)Ted Poston

Question 22

In order to build morale among the African-American population during World War II,the U.S.government did all of the following EXCEPT

A)produce radio broadcasts featuring news bulletins of black soldiers' performance in combat.
B)enlist black artists,photographers,and filmmakers to produce pro-war propaganda.
C)publish millions of copies of pamphlets to spread the word of black soldiers' contribution to the war effort.
D)desegregate the military in compliance with overwhelming black demand.

Question 23

Which black unit's uneven performance in Italy was misrepresented by opponents of black troops as evidence of black men's unfitness for combat service?

A)the 761^st Tank Battalion
B)the 614^th Tank Destroyer Battalion
C)the 333^rd Battalion
D)the Ninety-Second Division

Question 24

In the European theater,black soldiers constituted almost half of the

A)transportation corps.
B)ordnance men.
C)combat infantry.
D)tank battalions.

Question 25

In the immediate wake of the Second World War,how many black service personnel received the nation's highest military honor,the Congressional Medal of Honor?

A)0
B)1
C)5
D)16

Question 26

In which decade did black migration out of the South reach its highest numbers?

A)1910s
B)1920s
C)1930s
D)1940s

Question 27

Which branch of the armed forces,in which approximately 24,000 African Americans served,experienced the least segregation and discrimination in the U.S.military?

A)the Army
B)the Army Air Corps
C)the Merchant Marine
D)the Marine Corps

Question 28

The worst race riot of the Second World War took place in June 1943 in which city?

A)Detroit
B)Chicago
C)Los Angeles
D)Cleveland

Question 29

Felix Hall of Montgomery,Alabama,was notable for being

A)the first African American to receive a commission in the Marine Corps.
B)the only black American to receive the Congressional Medal of Honor during World War II.
C)one of several black soldiers lynched by whites without respect for their uniforms.
D)the author of several inflammatory anti-war tracts.

Question 30

In 1943,the wounding of a black soldier in a scuffle with white police instigated a riot which left six killed and five million dollars of property destroyed in

A)Chicago.
B)New Orleans.
C)Harlem.
D)Los Angeles.

Question 31

Which of the following statements about racial discrimination during World War Two is LEAST accurate?

A)German prisoners of war were often allowed access to accommodations from which African-American soldiers were barred.
B)Black newspapers were banned from some military camps to prevent soldiers from reading about African Americans being insulted,attacked,or killed while in uniform.
C)The Red Cross separated blood according to the race of the donor,so that white soldiers would not be transfused with "black" blood.
D)The War Department refused to prohibit racial discrimination in the military's recreational and transportation facilities until after the war.

Question 32

During the Second World War,Crystal Bird Fauset served as the race relations advisor of which federal program created to defend the country from enemy attack?

A)ESMWT
B)OPA
C)OWI
D)OCD

Question 33

What was the main black combat unit in the Pacific?

A)the Ninety-Third Division
B)the Eighth Division
C)the Forty-Fifth Division
D)the Sixty-First Division

Question 34

Which Messman received the Navy Cross for his performance during the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor,making him the first decorated black serviceman of World War II?

A)Charles Drew
B)Dorie Miller
C)Lester Granger
D)George Watson

Question 35

Which of the following statements about black employment during the Second World War is LEAST accurate?

A)The entry of thousands of blacks into the defense industries was paved in advance by the training offered by the NYA,WPA,and ESMWT.
B)Government intervention facilitated the process by which tens of thousands of blacks entered into industries from which they had previously been denied access.
C)By the end of the war,black workers had gained skilled and higher-level jobs in proportion to their numbers in the workforce.
D)During the war,black workers became vocal members of several major labor unions.

Question 36

Ann Tanneyhill of the National Urban League played a crucial role in arranging radio broadcasts and other publicity related to

A)calling for increased economic opportunities for black women.
B)urging black Americans to place patriotism above racial concerns.
C)urging black Americans to withdraw their support from the war until they achieved full equality.
D)encouraging black Americans to accept financial hardship as a necessary sacrifice for winning the war.

Question 37

During the Second World War,the U.S.Army on the German front

A)refused to experiment with segregated units,even after rank depletion made it a practical necessity.
B)completely desegregated by early 1944 in response to the grievous losses of men in established units.
C)briefly experimented with a small number of integrated units at the tail end of the war.
D)broached the possibility of creating integrated units but was not able to implement the plan before the war ended.