Deck 12: Pharmacologic History

Question 1

What is the best recommendation that the dental hygienist can give to a client to reduce her risk for developing recurrent oral fungal infections?

A) Instruct the client to change toothbrushes frequently.
B) Advise the client to rinse twice daily with an antiseptic mouth rinse.
C) Teach the client not to share toothpaste or cosmetics.
D) Encourage the client to chew xylitol gum preventively.

Answer 1

Advise the client to rinse twice daily with an antiseptic mouth rinse.

Question 2

Where does the majority of drug metabolism occur in the human body?

A) Liver
B) Kidney
C) Intestines
D) Blood

Answer 2

Liver

Question 3

What is the most common drug found in over-the-counter (OTC)products applied topically for pain control?

A) Lidocaine
B) Tetracaine
C) Benzocaine
D) Carbocaine

Answer 3

Benzocaine

Question 4

All of the following characteristics apply to drug side effects except which one?

A) Reversible
B) Tolerable
C) Dose related
D) Unpredictable

Question 5

What field studies the absorption,distribution,metabolism,and excretion of drugs?

A) Pharmacokinetics
B) Pharmacodynamics
C) Pharmacogenomics
D) Pharmacotherapeutics

Question 6

Which variable is used to determine pediatric drug dosage?

A) Age
B) Height
C) Weight
D) Total body surface area

Question 7

All of the following are common preexisting conditions that may limit the use of certain medications except which one?

A) Enlarged prostate
B) Hypertension
C) Duodenal ulcer
D) Thyroid disease

Question 8

What type of effect is seen in a person who experiences a response to a drug that is qualitatively different from the usual or expected response?

A) Drug toxicity
B) Hypersensitivity reaction
C) Drug idiosyncrasy
D) Pathologic influence

Question 9

What term is used to describe the need for an increasingly larger dose to produce the desired clinical effect?

A) Potency
B) Tachyphylaxis
C) Idiosyncrasy
D) Tolerance

Question 10

Which Food and Drug Administration (FDA)Pregnancy Category represents the highest degree of risk to the fetus?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) X

Question 11

Which of the following adverse drug effects is the most common oral complication associated with medication use?

A) Caries
B) Xerostomia
C) Periodontal disease
D) Taste alteration

Question 12

Which of the following best describes manufacturers' recommendations for pediatric drug dosing?

A) Equivalent dosing to the adult dose
B) Half of the adult dose
C) One quarter of the adult dose
D) Twice the adult dose

Question 13

A drug that alters the pH of the stomach alters which aspect of pharmacokinetics of a second administered drug?

A) Absorption
B) Distribution
C) Metabolism
D) Excretion

Question 14

What is the most common cause of angular cheilitis?

A) Vitamin deficiency
B) Fungal infection
C) Allergic reaction
D) Localized dermatitis

Question 15

All of the following are normal physiologic changes associated with aging that alter drug activity in the body except which one?

A) Decreased liver function
B) Decreased kidney function
C) Decreased body fat
D) Decreased plasma proteins

Question 16

Clients with an allergy to penicillin are more likely to show a cross-sensitivity reaction to which of the following classes of antibiotics?

A) Cephalosporins
B) Tetracyclines
C) Macrolides
D) Fluoroquinolones

Question 17

Which of the following conditions occurs as a result of lowered bacterial plaque pH?

A) Recession
B) Aphthous ulcers
C) Dentinal hypersensitivity
D) Herpetic lesions

Question 18

Which of the following is an adverse drug event that results in permanent tissue damage?

A) Side effect
B) Hypersensitivity reaction
C) Toxicity reaction
D) Therapeutic effect

Question 19

Which of the following classes of medications can be used to stimulate salivary flow in patients with functional gland tissue?

A) Cholinergic agonists
B) Anticholinergics
C) Sympathomimetics
D) Adrenergic blockers

Question 20

What is the term used to describe a client who experiences a greater than expected reaction to a drug as compared with a normal reaction?

A) Biologic variation
B) Hypersusceptibility
C) Drug idiosyncrasy
D) Tachyphylaxis

Question 21

Which of the following is the most important factor for consideration when determining whether to proceed with dental hygiene treatment with a medicated client?

A) Presence of environmental safety hazards
B) Risk for compromising the client's health
C) Availability of supportive emergency equipment
D) Use of personal protective equipment

Question 22

Clients who experience taste alteration as a medication-induced side effect often exhibit oral health behaviors that increase their risk for developing which condition?

A) Dental caries
B) Periodontal disease
C) Aphthous ulcers
D) Fungal infections

Question 23

All of the following medications cause drug-influenced gingival enlargement as a side effect except which one?

A) Phenytoin (Dilantin)
B) Nifedipine (Procardia)
C) Cyclosporine (Sandimmune)
D) Propranolol (Inderal)

Question 24

Clients who have demonstrated weight loss may experience which of the following oral complications?

A) Difficulty speaking
B) Difficulty chewing
C) Difficulty wearing dentures
D) Difficulty swallowing

Question 25

Nitrous oxide-oxygen analgesia is associated with which of the following adverse drug effects?

A) Nephrotoxicity
B) Liver failure
C) Seizures
D) Teratogenicity