Deck 3: Creating Anglo-America, 1660 -1750

Question 1

MATCHING
Bacon's Rebellion

A)elites in America becoming more culturally English
B)allowed Protestant Dissenters to worship freely in England
C)government regulation of the nation's economy (to assure national power)
D)placed William of Orange on the English throne
E)had a monopoly on the slave trade
F)a very liberal frame for government
G)English demanded this over their former Dutch rulers
H)agreement between New York and Iroquois
I)believed in the equality of all persons
J)law that regulated the shipping and selling of colonial products
K)the poor of Virginia demand change
L)war between New Englanders and Indians

Answer 1

the poor of Virginia demand change

Question 2

MATCHING
Toleration Act

A)elites in America becoming more culturally English
B)allowed Protestant Dissenters to worship freely in England
C)government regulation of the nation's economy (to assure national power)
D)placed William of Orange on the English throne
E)had a monopoly on the slave trade
F)a very liberal frame for government
G)English demanded this over their former Dutch rulers
H)agreement between New York and Iroquois
I)believed in the equality of all persons
J)law that regulated the shipping and selling of colonial products
K)the poor of Virginia demand change
L)war between New Englanders and Indians

Answer 2

allowed Protestant Dissenters to worship freely in England

Question 3

MATCHING
William Berkeley

A)established a Committee of Safety in New York
B)a Protestant who became King of England
C)Metacom
D)formed Covenant Chain with Iroquois
E)elite planter who called for reform in Virginia
F)Governor of Virginia during Bacon's Rebellion
G)a Catholic who became King of England
H)wealthy Virginian speaker of the House of Burgesses
I)proprietor of Pennsylvania
J)successful Jewish silversmith
K)overthrown in the Glorious Revolution
L)slave who became free and owned slaves himself

Answer 3

Governor of Virginia during Bacon's Rebellion

Question 4

MATCHING
William of Orange

A)established a Committee of Safety in New York
B)a Protestant who became King of England
C)Metacom
D)formed Covenant Chain with Iroquois
E)elite planter who called for reform in Virginia
F)Governor of Virginia during Bacon's Rebellion
G)a Catholic who became King of England
H)wealthy Virginian speaker of the House of Burgesses
I)proprietor of Pennsylvania
J)successful Jewish silversmith
K)overthrown in the Glorious Revolution
L)slave who became free and owned slaves himself

Question 5

MATCHING
Robert "King" Carter

A)established a Committee of Safety in New York
B)a Protestant who became King of England
C)Metacom
D)formed Covenant Chain with Iroquois
E)elite planter who called for reform in Virginia
F)Governor of Virginia during Bacon's Rebellion
G)a Catholic who became King of England
H)wealthy Virginian speaker of the House of Burgesses
I)proprietor of Pennsylvania
J)successful Jewish silversmith
K)overthrown in the Glorious Revolution
L)slave who became free and owned slaves himself

Question 6

MATCHING
Jacob Leisler

A)established a Committee of Safety in New York
B)a Protestant who became King of England
C)Metacom
D)formed Covenant Chain with Iroquois
E)elite planter who called for reform in Virginia
F)Governor of Virginia during Bacon's Rebellion
G)a Catholic who became King of England
H)wealthy Virginian speaker of the House of Burgesses
I)proprietor of Pennsylvania
J)successful Jewish silversmith
K)overthrown in the Glorious Revolution
L)slave who became free and owned slaves himself

Question 7

MATCHING
Edmund Andros

A)established a Committee of Safety in New York
B)a Protestant who became King of England
C)Metacom
D)formed Covenant Chain with Iroquois
E)elite planter who called for reform in Virginia
F)Governor of Virginia during Bacon's Rebellion
G)a Catholic who became King of England
H)wealthy Virginian speaker of the House of Burgesses
I)proprietor of Pennsylvania
J)successful Jewish silversmith
K)overthrown in the Glorious Revolution
L)slave who became free and owned slaves himself

Question 8

MATCHING
James II

A)established a Committee of Safety in New York
B)a Protestant who became King of England
C)Metacom
D)formed Covenant Chain with Iroquois
E)elite planter who called for reform in Virginia
F)Governor of Virginia during Bacon's Rebellion
G)a Catholic who became King of England
H)wealthy Virginian speaker of the House of Burgesses
I)proprietor of Pennsylvania
J)successful Jewish silversmith
K)overthrown in the Glorious Revolution
L)slave who became free and owned slaves himself

Question 9

MATCHING
Charter of Liberties

A)elites in America becoming more culturally English
B)allowed Protestant Dissenters to worship freely in England
C)government regulation of the nation's economy (to assure national power)
D)placed William of Orange on the English throne
E)had a monopoly on the slave trade
F)a very liberal frame for government
G)English demanded this over their former Dutch rulers
H)agreement between New York and Iroquois
I)believed in the equality of all persons
J)law that regulated the shipping and selling of colonial products
K)the poor of Virginia demand change
L)war between New Englanders and Indians

Question 10

MATCHING
mercantilism

A)elites in America becoming more culturally English
B)allowed Protestant Dissenters to worship freely in England
C)government regulation of the nation's economy (to assure national power)
D)placed William of Orange on the English throne
E)had a monopoly on the slave trade
F)a very liberal frame for government
G)English demanded this over their former Dutch rulers
H)agreement between New York and Iroquois
I)believed in the equality of all persons
J)law that regulated the shipping and selling of colonial products
K)the poor of Virginia demand change
L)war between New Englanders and Indians

Question 11

MATCHING
Duke of York

A)established a Committee of Safety in New York
B)a Protestant who became King of England
C)Metacom
D)formed Covenant Chain with Iroquois
E)elite planter who called for reform in Virginia
F)Governor of Virginia during Bacon's Rebellion
G)a Catholic who became King of England
H)wealthy Virginian speaker of the House of Burgesses
I)proprietor of Pennsylvania
J)successful Jewish silversmith
K)overthrown in the Glorious Revolution
L)slave who became free and owned slaves himself

Question 12

MATCHING
Anglicization

A)elites in America becoming more culturally English
B)allowed Protestant Dissenters to worship freely in England
C)government regulation of the nation's economy (to assure national power)
D)placed William of Orange on the English throne
E)had a monopoly on the slave trade
F)a very liberal frame for government
G)English demanded this over their former Dutch rulers
H)agreement between New York and Iroquois
I)believed in the equality of all persons
J)law that regulated the shipping and selling of colonial products
K)the poor of Virginia demand change
L)war between New Englanders and Indians

Question 13

MATCHING
Royal African Company

A)elites in America becoming more culturally English
B)allowed Protestant Dissenters to worship freely in England
C)government regulation of the nation's economy (to assure national power)
D)placed William of Orange on the English throne
E)had a monopoly on the slave trade
F)a very liberal frame for government
G)English demanded this over their former Dutch rulers
H)agreement between New York and Iroquois
I)believed in the equality of all persons
J)law that regulated the shipping and selling of colonial products
K)the poor of Virginia demand change
L)war between New Englanders and Indians

Question 14

MATCHING
Myer Myers

A)established a Committee of Safety in New York
B)a Protestant who became King of England
C)Metacom
D)formed Covenant Chain with Iroquois
E)elite planter who called for reform in Virginia
F)Governor of Virginia during Bacon's Rebellion
G)a Catholic who became King of England
H)wealthy Virginian speaker of the House of Burgesses
I)proprietor of Pennsylvania
J)successful Jewish silversmith
K)overthrown in the Glorious Revolution
L)slave who became free and owned slaves himself

Question 15

MATCHING
William Penn

A)established a Committee of Safety in New York
B)a Protestant who became King of England
C)Metacom
D)formed Covenant Chain with Iroquois
E)elite planter who called for reform in Virginia
F)Governor of Virginia during Bacon's Rebellion
G)a Catholic who became King of England
H)wealthy Virginian speaker of the House of Burgesses
I)proprietor of Pennsylvania
J)successful Jewish silversmith
K)overthrown in the Glorious Revolution
L)slave who became free and owned slaves himself

Question 16

MATCHING
Navigation Act

A)elites in America becoming more culturally English
B)allowed Protestant Dissenters to worship freely in England
C)government regulation of the nation's economy (to assure national power)
D)placed William of Orange on the English throne
E)had a monopoly on the slave trade
F)a very liberal frame for government
G)English demanded this over their former Dutch rulers
H)agreement between New York and Iroquois
I)believed in the equality of all persons
J)law that regulated the shipping and selling of colonial products
K)the poor of Virginia demand change
L)war between New Englanders and Indians

Question 17

MATCHING
Anthony Johnson

A)established a Committee of Safety in New York
B)a Protestant who became King of England
C)Metacom
D)formed Covenant Chain with Iroquois
E)elite planter who called for reform in Virginia
F)Governor of Virginia during Bacon's Rebellion
G)a Catholic who became King of England
H)wealthy Virginian speaker of the House of Burgesses
I)proprietor of Pennsylvania
J)successful Jewish silversmith
K)overthrown in the Glorious Revolution
L)slave who became free and owned slaves himself

Question 18

MATCHING
Nathaniel Bacon

A)established a Committee of Safety in New York
B)a Protestant who became King of England
C)Metacom
D)formed Covenant Chain with Iroquois
E)elite planter who called for reform in Virginia
F)Governor of Virginia during Bacon's Rebellion
G)a Catholic who became King of England
H)wealthy Virginian speaker of the House of Burgesses
I)proprietor of Pennsylvania
J)successful Jewish silversmith
K)overthrown in the Glorious Revolution
L)slave who became free and owned slaves himself

Question 19

MATCHING
King Philip

A)established a Committee of Safety in New York
B)a Protestant who became King of England
C)Metacom
D)formed Covenant Chain with Iroquois
E)elite planter who called for reform in Virginia
F)Governor of Virginia during Bacon's Rebellion
G)a Catholic who became King of England
H)wealthy Virginian speaker of the House of Burgesses
I)proprietor of Pennsylvania
J)successful Jewish silversmith
K)overthrown in the Glorious Revolution
L)slave who became free and owned slaves himself

Question 20

MATCHING
King Philip's War

A)elites in America becoming more culturally English
B)allowed Protestant Dissenters to worship freely in England
C)government regulation of the nation's economy (to assure national power)
D)placed William of Orange on the English throne
E)had a monopoly on the slave trade
F)a very liberal frame for government
G)English demanded this over their former Dutch rulers
H)agreement between New York and Iroquois
I)believed in the equality of all persons
J)law that regulated the shipping and selling of colonial products
K)the poor of Virginia demand change
L)war between New Englanders and Indians

Question 21

What was William Penn's most fundamental principle?

A) voting rights for all adult men
B) religious freedom
C) communally owned property
D) economic liberty
E) support for women's suffrage

Question 22

Carolina grew slowly until:

A) rice as a staple crop was discovered to be extremely profitable.
B) slaves were brought into the colony.
C) an alliance with the Indians was signed.
D) cotton was introduced into the colony.
E) the king forced the English poor to settle the area.

Question 23

What inspired the 1715 uprising by the Yamasee and Creek peoples against English colonists in Carolina?

A) the colonists' refusal to trade with the Yamasee and Creek
B) an alliance of the Yamasee and Creek with the Iroquois Confederacy, which had declared war against New York colonists
C) high debts incurred by the Yamasee and Creek in trade with the English settlers
D) the English colonists' plans to begin capturing Native Americans to sell as slaves
E) a bloody rebellion by African slaves against their masters near Charles Town

Question 24

MATCHING
Quakers

A)elites in America becoming more culturally English
B)allowed Protestant Dissenters to worship freely in England
C)government regulation of the nation's economy (to assure national power)
D)placed William of Orange on the English throne
E)had a monopoly on the slave trade
F)a very liberal frame for government
G)English demanded this over their former Dutch rulers
H)agreement between New York and Iroquois
I)believed in the equality of all persons
J)law that regulated the shipping and selling of colonial products
K)the poor of Virginia demand change
L)war between New Englanders and Indians

Question 25

What was the Covenant Chain?

A) the promise James II gave Parliament that he would marry a Protestant princess
B) an agreement between the Dutch and the Mohican Nation that led to the founding of New Netherland
C) a mythical piece of priceless gold jewelry that Europeans wished to acquire from the Iroquois
D) an important Puritan text that spelled out the doctrine of predestination
E) an alliance made by the governor of New York and the Iroquois Confederacy

Question 26

To Quakers, liberty was:

A) limited to white, landowning men.
B) strictly defined.
C) a universal entitlement.
D) extended to women but not to blacks.
E) limited to the spiritually inclined.

Question 27

The Charter of Liberties and Privileges in New York:

A) was the work of the Dutch, who did not trust the English to protect their religious freedom.
B) resulted especially from displeasure among residents of Manhattan.
C) reflected in part an effort by the British to exert their influence and control over the Dutch.
D) affirmed religious toleration for all denominations.
E) eliminated the property requirement for voting.

Question 28

The first English Navigation Act, adopted during the rule of Oliver Cromwell:

A) required the Royal Navy to use only Protestant navigators on its ships.
B) aimed to wrest control of world trade from the Dutch.
C) freed England's North American colonies from economic regulations (in order to stimulate prosperity).
D) added New Netherland to the British empire.
E) authorized several mapmaking expeditions to the New World.

Question 29

In its early years, Carolina was the "colony of a colony" because its original settlers included many:

A) former indentured servants from Virginia.
B) supporters of Anne Hutchinson seeking refuge from Massachusetts.
C) landless sons of wealthy planters in Barbados.
D) Protestants upset over Catholic rule in Maryland.
E) planters from Cuba hoping to expand their sugar cane empires.

Question 30

According to the economic theory known as mercantilism:

A) merchants should control the government because they contributed more than others to national wealth.
B) the government should regulate economic activity so as to promote national power.
C) the government should encourage manufacturing and commerce by keeping its hands off of the economy.
D) colonies existed as a place for the mother country to send raw materials to be turned into manufactured goods.
E) England wanted the right to sell goods in France, but only to non-Catholic buyers.

Question 31

The economy of the Carolina colony:

A) was based on plantation agriculture from the beginning.
B) immediately proved profitable because of its reliance upon rice.
C) was exactly the same as that of Barbados.
D) originally centered on cattle-raising and trade.
E) had nothing to do with slavery.

Question 32

"Enumerated" goods:

A) made up the bulk of items imported into the colonies from abroad.
B) were those the English colonies could not produce under terms of the Navigation Acts.
C) created a financial drain on the English government during the seventeenth century.
D) were colonial products, such as tobacco and sugar, that could only be sold initially in English ports.
E) were specifically exempt from England's mercantilist regulations.

Question 33

MATCHING
Covenant Chain

A)elites in America becoming more culturally English
B)allowed Protestant Dissenters to worship freely in England
C)government regulation of the nation's economy (to assure national power)
D)placed William of Orange on the English throne
E)had a monopoly on the slave trade
F)a very liberal frame for government
G)English demanded this over their former Dutch rulers
H)agreement between New York and Iroquois
I)believed in the equality of all persons
J)law that regulated the shipping and selling of colonial products
K)the poor of Virginia demand change
L)war between New Englanders and Indians

Question 34

How did English rule affect the Iroquois Confederacy?

A) After a series of complex negotiations, both groups aided each other's imperial ambitions.
B) The English destroyed the Iroquois Confederacy temporarily but revived it under Sir Edmund Andros's rule after the Glorious Revolution of 1688.
C) English oppression drove the Iroquois to the side of the French, who eagerly sought their support.
D) It enabled the Iroquois to build alliances with other tribes against a common enemy.
E) The Iroquois adopted the English constitutional system.

Question 35

When England took over the Dutch colony that became New York:

A) the English eliminated all of the religious freedoms that the Dutch had allowed.
B) the English ended the Dutch tradition of allowing married women to conduct business in their own names.
C) the English respected Dutch antislavery laws, so that New York became a center for free African-Americans in North America.
D) the local population declined because of England's new and repressive rule.
E) England tried to maintain Dutch culture but ordered residents to learn English.

Question 36

MATCHING
Glorious Revolution

A)elites in America becoming more culturally English
B)allowed Protestant Dissenters to worship freely in England
C)government regulation of the nation's economy (to assure national power)
D)placed William of Orange on the English throne
E)had a monopoly on the slave trade
F)a very liberal frame for government
G)English demanded this over their former Dutch rulers
H)agreement between New York and Iroquois
I)believed in the equality of all persons
J)law that regulated the shipping and selling of colonial products
K)the poor of Virginia demand change
L)war between New Englanders and Indians

Question 37

MATCHING
West Jersey Concessions

A)elites in America becoming more culturally English
B)allowed Protestant Dissenters to worship freely in England
C)government regulation of the nation's economy (to assure national power)
D)placed William of Orange on the English throne
E)had a monopoly on the slave trade
F)a very liberal frame for government
G)English demanded this over their former Dutch rulers
H)agreement between New York and Iroquois
I)believed in the equality of all persons
J)law that regulated the shipping and selling of colonial products
K)the poor of Virginia demand change
L)war between New Englanders and Indians

Question 38

The Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina:

A) were modeled on the governing structure of the Iroquois Confederacy.
B) banned slavery as antithetical to their goal of creating a society based on peasants working for noblemen.
C) allowed no elected assembly.
D) permitted only members of the Church of England to worship freely.
E) proposed a feudal society in the New World, complete with hereditary nobility.

Question 39

What sparked a new period of colonial expansion for England in the mid seventeenth century?

A) England's defeat of the Netherlands in the Fourth Anglo-Dutch War of 1649
B) England's victory in a 1676 religious war with Spain
C) a treaty signed with the Iroquois Confederacy
D) the incredible financial success of the British East India Company
E) the restoration of the monarchy in 1660

Question 40

What was the impact of King Philip's War (1675-1676)?

A) New England's tribes united against the colonists.
B) Native Americans destroyed twelve Massachusetts towns, which helped establish them in the minds of New Englanders as bloodthirsty savages.
C) Native Americans up and down the eastern seaboard began rebelling against colonial rule when they saw what happened to their New England counterparts.
D) Massachusetts banned all Native Americans from living within its borders.
E) Great Britain formed the New England Confederation to protect against Native American depredations.

Question 41

Ideas of race and racism in seventeenth-century England:

A) inspired the creation of an African slave labor force.
B) caused many Englishmen to become abolitionists when they saw that slavery was based on these ideas.
C) had not fully developed as modern concepts.
D) originated in the writings of Sir Walter Raleigh.
E) prompted Shakespeare to write Hamlet.

Question 42

Which of the following was not a factor that made African slavery appealing to English planters in the New World?

A) Since slaves' terms of service never expired, unlike those of indentured servants, Africans could create a permanent labor force.
B) Europeans believed that Africans were more accustomed to hard agricultural labor than were Native Americans, and thus would be better workers.
C) Africans had long since developed a resistance to European diseases, making epidemics less likely than among Native American laborers.
D) Africans could not claim the protection of English common law.
E) A long English legal tradition of discriminating against dark-skinned peoples eased the legalization of slavery.

Question 43

Before founding Pennsylvania, William Penn assisted a group of English Quakers to set up a colony in what became:

A) New Hampshire.
B) North Carolina.
C) Delaware.
D) New Jersey.
E) Ontario.

Question 44

According to laws in the seventeenth-century Chesapeake:

A) black men were not permitted to marry white women, but black women could marry white men.
B) free blacks had the right to sue and testify in court.
C) free blacks were not permitted to serve in the militia unless they signed a loyalty oath.
D) the sale of any married slave was prohibited.
E) the children of enslaved women were free; the status of enslavement was not inherited.

Question 45

Which man was once a slave, only to be freed and own slaves himself?

A) William Penn
B) Anthony Johnson
C) Olaudah Equiano
D) Robert Carter
E) Nathaniel Bacon

Question 46

What ironic consequence did William Penn's generous policies, such as religious toleration and inexpensive land, have?

A) They contributed to the increasing reliance of Virginia and Maryland on African slave labor.
B) Now that Pennsylvania attracted so many settlers, Carolina was desperate for laborers and began a vast Indian slave trade.
C) They actually discouraged suspicious Europeans from choosing Pennsylvania as a place to settle.
D) They led the Puritan authorities in Massachusetts to adopt religious toleration in order to compete with Pennsylvania for colonists.
E) They encouraged poor residents of New York and New Jersey to move to Pennsylvania in such numbers that Penn repealed his policies within a decade.

Question 47

Pennsylvania's treatment of Native Americans was unique in what way?

A) Pennsylvania was the only colony in which efforts at conversion focused on turning Native Americans into Quakers.
B) The colony bought all of the land the Native Americans occupied and moved them west of the Appalachians, meaning that Indians were relocated but not decimated.
C) Because Quakers were pacifists, they had to bring in militias from other colonies to take over Native American lands.
D) Despite Quaker pacifism, Pennsylvanians were determined to exterminate the natives.
E) Pennsylvania purchased Indian land that was then resold to colonists and offered refuge to tribes driven out of other colonies.

Question 48

Which one of the following is true of slavery?

A) The English word "slavery" derives from "Slav," reflecting the slave trade in Slavic peoples until the fifteenth century.
B) Christians never were enslaved.
C) The Roman Empire outlawed it, but it revived, thanks to Columbus.
D) It was nonexistent in Africa until the arrival of European slave traders.
E) In every culture in which it existed, it was based on the needs of large-scale agriculture.

Question 49

Spain's Las Siete Partidas, a series of laws touching on slavery:

A) strongly influenced the English as they devised their own laws about slavery.
B) was strictly enforced in Mexico, Cuba, and other Spanish colonies until those areas achieved independence.
C) required masters to free female slaves on their twenty-first birthdays.
D) gave slaves some opportunities to claim rights under the law in Spain's American empire.
E) did not apply to Spanish possessions in the New World.

Question 50

Who in the Pennsylvania colony was eligible to vote?

A) everyone, male and female
B) a majority of the male population
C) all males
D) Quakers
E) all white people

Question 51

What was one of Pennsylvania's only restrictions on religious liberty?

A) Settlers could belong to any denomination but had to sign an oath affirming that they would not to oppress Quakers.
B) Holding office required an oath affirming a belief in Jesus Christ, which eliminated Jews from serving.
C) Atheists were welcome as long as they promised not to attack religion publicly.
D) Church attendance was mandatory, but the state did not specify which type of church.
E) There were no restrictions.

Question 52

What commodity drove the African slave trade in Brazil and the West Indies during the seventeenth century?

A) tobacco
B) indigo
C) silver
D) cotton
E) sugar

Question 53

Unlike slavery in America, slavery in Africa:

A) declined in importance during the 1600s.
B) was more likely to be based in the household than on an agricultural plantation.
C) led to much higher death rates.
D) was entirely race-based.
E) existed only for women.

Question 54

Slavery developed more slowly in North America than in the English West Indies because:

A) it was a longer trip from Africa to North America, making slavery less profitable.
B) planters in Virginia and Maryland agreed that indentured servants were far less troublesome.
C) the high death rate among tobacco workers made it economically unappealing to pay more for a slave likely to die within a short time.
D) Parliament passed a law in 1643 that gave tax breaks to British West Indian planters who imported slaves but not to American colonists who imported slaves.
E) those living in the British West Indies opposed slavery until the American colonies won their independence in the Revolutionary War.

Question 55

Which one of the following is true of the English West Indies in the seventeenth century?

A) By the end of the century, the African population far outnumbered the European population on most islands.
B) Mixed economies with small farms worked by indentured servants dominated islands such as Barbados throughout the century.
C) Frequent uprisings by African slaves caused the English to abandon the West Indies by the 1680s and to relocate staple crop production to mainland North America.
D) The free labor system of the West Indies stood in stark contrast to the slave labor system of the Chesapeake.
E) Indentured servants replaced African slaves in the West Indies once the demand for slaves in Carolina drained away the African population of the islands.

Question 56

William Penn obtained the land for his Pennsylvania colony because:

A) King Charles I wanted Quakers to have a place where they could enjoy religious toleration.
B) he supported the crown during the Glorious Revolution.
C) the king wanted to cancel his debt to the Penn family and bolster the English presence in North America.
D) he conquered the Swedes and Dutch who previously had controlled the land.
E) his invention of what was then called the "penncill" made him incredibly rich.

Question 57

What form of behavior did William Penn ban in his Pennsylvania colony?

A) swearing
B) alcohol consumption
C) dancing in public or in private
D) laughing during religious services
E) singing outside of church

Question 58

Of colonists in British North America, which group was the wealthiest?

A) Philadelphia merchants
B) Boston political elite
C) Virginia tobacco farmers
D) South Carolina rice planters
E) New York merchants

Question 59

William Penn was a member of which religious group?

A) Puritans
B) Anglicans
C) Quakers
D) Roman Catholics
E) Presbyterians

Question 60

What historical evidence demonstrates that blacks were being held as slaves for life by the 1640s?

A) Property registers list white servants with the number of years they were to work, but blacks (with higher valuations) had no terms of service associated with their names.
B) Transcripts from legislative debates in the House of Burgesses show that Virginia lawmakers were debating whether permanent slave status was a good idea.
C) Records of declining tobacco prices show that it had become harder to keep labor, which would have forced planters to turn increasingly to Africans and away from white servants.
D) There is none, because slavery did not fully exist in Virginia until after Bacon's Rebellion in 1676.
E) Advertisements for slaves began appearing in newspapers regularly by 1642.

Question 61

The Virginia slave code of 1705:

A) simply brought together old aspects of the laws governing slaves and slavery.
B) completely rewrote and changed the earlier slave laws.
C) embedded the principle of white supremacy in law.
D) made clear that slaves were subject to the will of their masters but not to anyone who could not claim ownership of them.
E) was the work of Nathaniel Bacon.

Question 62

Bacon's Rebellion contributed to which of the following in Virginia?

A) a large and sustained increase in the importation of indentured servants
B) generous payments to Native Americans to encourage them to give up their lands to white farmers
C) changes in the political style of Virginia's powerful large-scale planters, who adopted a get-tough policy with small farmers and hired their own militia to enforce their will
D) the replacing of indentured servants with African slaves on Virginia's plantations
E) an order from Governor Berkeley that Native Americans could serve in the militia

Question 63

In what ways did England reduce colonial autonomy during the 1680s?

A) Charles II revoked the charters of all colonies that had violated the Navigation Acts.
B) It created the Dominion of New England, run by a royal appointee without benefit of an elected assembly.
C) Because Charles II and James II were at least closet Catholics, the colonies no longer could have established churches within their borders.
D) The king started appointing all judges.
E) Not at all; this was the era in which colonies achieved autonomy.

Question 64

The Glorious Revolution witnessed uprisings in colonial America, including ones in:

A) New Hampshire and Pennsylvania.
B) New York and Maryland.
C) Virginia and New York.
D) Pennsylvania and Maryland.
E) New York and New Hampshire.

Question 65

When the Virginia House of Burgesses decreed that religious conversion did not release a slave from bondage:

A) every other colonial assembly followed suit.
B) Governor William Berkeley vetoed the measure, which led to Bacon's Rebellion.
C) it meant that, under Virginia law, Christians could own other Christians.
D) mass protests followed.
E) slaves quit attending church.

Question 66

Once Massachusetts became a royal colony in 1691:

A) it was required to abide by the English Act of Toleration, which displeased many Puritan leaders.
B) it received the right to have its voters elect its own governor and legislative assembly.
C) Plymouth was split off from Massachusetts to become its own independent colony.
D) church membership became the chief legal requirement for voting.
E) social tensions generally decreased and a relatively peaceful period ensued.

Question 67

Which of the following is true of slave resistance in the colonial period?

A) Runaways were very rare because slaves knew that attempting to escape would be futile.
B) Some slaves were the offspring of white traders and therefore knew enough English to turn to the legal system, at least until Virginia lawmakers prevented them from doing so.
C) A number of bloody rebellions prompted a wholesale revision of slave codes.
D) It was limited because slaves at the time were too new to the colonies to understand the concept of freedom.
E) All runaways headed for freedom in French Canada.

Question 68

The English Bill of Rights of 1689:

A) was unwritten, like the English Constitution on which it was based.
B) was King William's finest writing on the importance of liberty.
C) divided power in England between the king and Parliament.
D) was copied word for word into the U.S. Constitution a century later.
E) listed parliamentary powers over such individual rights as trial by jury.

Question 69

Which of the following was true of small farmers in 1670s Virginia?

A) The economy was doing so well that even though they made less money than large-scale planters, their problems were too small to justify their rebellion.
B) They had access to the best land, but a glut in the tobacco market left them in poverty.
C) Their taxes were incredibly low-the one issue with which they were pleased.
D) They could count on the government to help them take over Native American lands and thereby expand their meager holdings.
E) The lack of good land, high taxes on tobacco, and falling prices reduced their prospects.

Question 70

Slave labor in the Chesapeake region increasingly supplanted indentured servitude during the last two decades of the seventeenth century, in part because:

A) the opening of the new colony of North Carolina attracted enough whites to make up for the loss of those who would have come to the New World as indentured servants.
B) Bacon's Rebellion reminded leaders of the dangers of allowing racial intermarriage.
C) improving conditions in England reduced the number of transatlantic migrants.
D) a monopoly on the slave trade made it easier to import Africans.
E) indentured servants began forming associations that went on strike for better conditions.

Question 71

Captain Jacob Leisler, the head of the rebel militia that took control of New York in 1689,:

A) was a close ally of Sir Edmund Andros, who was trying to regain control of the Dominion of New England.
B) was overthrown and killed in so grisly a manner that the rivalry between his friends and foes polarized New York politics for years.
C) was knighted for his role in supporting the Glorious Revolution.
D) sought to impose Catholic rule but was defeated by a Protestant militia in a short but bloody civil war.
E) slaughtered so many Native Americans that wars between whites and the remaining tribes kept New York in an uproar for the next two decades.

Question 72

The Glorious Revolution of 1688:

A) resulted mainly from the fears of English aristocrats that the birth of James II's son would lead to a Catholic succession.
B) ended parliamentary rule in Great Britain until Queen Anne's War in 1702.
C) was the work of an ambitious Danish prince out to avenge his father's murder by a British nobleman.
D) had no impact on the British colonies in America.
E) prompted Scotland's secession from Great Britain and thus a reduction in Scots-Irish immigration to the colonies.

Question 73

According to New England Puritans, witchcraft:

A) was perfectly acceptable when it was used for proper purposes.
B) was punishable by hanging unless it was used to reinforce men's standing and God's will.
C) resulted from pacts that women made with the devil to obtain supernatural powers or interfere with natural processes.
D) was restricted to Salem.
E) was due entirely to exposure to Catholicism.

Question 74

Which of the following fits the description of a person most likely to have been accused of witchcraft in seventeenth-century New England?

A) a single young woman whose attractiveness meant that some saw her as a threat to Puritan values
B) a married woman who normally was subservient to her husband and the community, which made her behavior seem all the more bizarre
C) a widow who presumably was too lonely or too dependent on the community to be taken seriously, but who had to be tried and convicted to keep others from thinking similarly
D) a married woman who had just lost a child
E) a woman beyond childbearing age who was outspoken, economically independent, or estranged from her husband

Question 75

Who finally ended the Salem Witch trials?

A) the Massachusetts governor
B) the local pastor
C) Salem's judge
D) Tituba
E) Increase Mather

Question 76

Nathaniel Bacon:

A) actually was socially closer to the elite than to the indentured servants who supported him.
B) had no connection to Virginia's wealthiest planters.
C) won unanimous support for his effort to reduce taxes, but his effort to remove all Native Americans from the colony doomed his rebellion.
D) burned down Jamestown but never succeeded in taking over the colony or driving out Governor Berkeley.
E) was the first colonist to open his own slaughterhouse.

Question 77

Governor William Berkeley's regime:

A) corrupted Penn's plans for the Pennsylvania colony, but the democratic system that Penn created made it impossible for him to do anything about it.
B) was a corrupt alliance of the Virginia colony's wealthiest tobacco planters.
C) offended tobacco planters, who felt that he allowed Nathaniel Bacon to exert too much influence in the House of Burgesses.
D) greatly affected Virginia during its four years in power.
E) extended Virginia's claims to California, thus leading to the naming of the northern California city of Berkeley.

Question 78

How did the new Massachusetts charter of 1691 change that colony's government?

A) Puritans were required to permit religious tolerance of all Christian denominations.
B) It eliminated town government, which had been the heart of Puritan control of the commonwealth.
C) It made Massachusetts a royal colony rather than under the control of Puritan saints."
D) It required all judges to be Anglican, greatly reducing Puritan influence over the three branches of government.
E) It moved the seat of government to Salem, which contributed greatly to the problems involving witchcraft.

Question 79

Why did the accusations of witchcraft in Salem suddenly snowball in 1692?

A) The only way to avoid prosecution was to confess and name others.
B) When Tituba testified, the issue became racial and divided the town.
C) All of the accused were children, and Puritans were determined to force their young to accept their religious traditions or face death.
D) The colonial capital had just been moved to Salem, upsetting the normally staid town.
E) They did not; actually, the number of accusations was average and Salem was highly overrated as a place for charges of witchcraft.

Question 80

Bacon's Rebellion was a response to:

A) worsening economic conditions in Virginia.
B) increased slavery in the Carolinas.
C) Indian attacks in New England.
D) the Glorious Revolution in England.
E) the Salem witch trials.