Deck 17 (MC): Body Temperature and Metabolism

Question 1

In cell respiration,the energy product that is used for cellular work is:

A)ATP
B)ADP
C)heat
D)light

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Twenty degrees C is closest to ___ degrees F.

A)56
B)60
C)64
D)68

Answer 2

D

Question 3

In a 24-hour period,an individual's body temperature normally fluctuates ___ degrees F.

A)0 to 0.5
B)0 to 1.0
C)1.0 to 4.0
D)1.0 to 2.0

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which statement is NOT true of temperature fluctuations in individuals?

A)Infants tend to retain heat and have higher body temperatures.
B)The lowest body temperature usually occurs during sleep.
C)In the elderly,temperature regulation may not be as efficient as it is in younger adults.
D)Exercise tends to increase body temperature.

Question 5

The normal range of human body temperature in degrees Celsius (°C)is:

A)35 to 37
B)34 to 36
C)36 to 38
D)37 to 39

Question 6

The normal range of human body temperature in degrees Fahrenheit (°F)is:

A)96 to 98
B)96.5 to 99.5
C)97 to 98
D)98.5 to 99.9

Question 7

The equation of cell respiration is: Glucose + ___ ?___ + H?O + ___ + heat.

A)O₂/CO₂/ADP
B)CO₂/O₂/ADP
C)CO₂/O₂/ATP
D)O₂/CO₂/ATP

Question 8

Much of the body's heat is produced by active organs,especially the:

A)liver and skeletal muscles
B)skeletal muscles and brain
C)brain and heart
D)heart and liver

Question 9

Sixty-eight degrees F is closest to ___ degrees C.

A)10
B)15
C)20
D)25

Question 10

In cell respiration,the molecular (non-energy)product that is useful and remains in the cell is:

A)glucose
B)oxygen
C)carbon dioxide
D)water

Question 11

Forty-one degrees F is closest to ___ degrees C.

A)5
B)10
C)15
D)20

Question 12

In cell respiration,the molecular product that is a waste product is:

A)glucose
B)carbon dioxide
C)water
D)heat

Question 13

In a warm environment,the arterioles in the dermis will:

A)dilate to release heat
B)dilate to conserve heat
C)constrict to conserve heat
D)constrict to release heat

Question 14

Thyroxine is an important hormone that regulates heat production because it:

A)increases muscle contractions
B)decreases the activity of the digestive tract
C)decreases the rate of cell respiration
D)increases the rate of cell respiration

Question 15

The hormone that is most important for daily regulation of cell respiration and heat production is:

A)aldosterone
B)norepinephrine
C)epinephrine
D)thyroxine

Question 16

In a cold environment,the arterioles in the dermis will:

A)dilate to release heat
B)dilate to conserve heat
C)constrict to release heat
D)constrict to conserve heat

Question 17

Five degrees C is closest to ___ degrees F.

A)36
B)41
C)46
D)51

Question 18

In cell respiration,the energy product that contributes to body temperature is:

A)ATP
B)ADP
C)heat
D)light

Question 19

The hormone that is most important for increasing the rate of cell respiration and heat production during stressful situations is:

A)aldosterone
B)norepinephrine
C)epinephrine
D)thyroxine

Question 20

The skeletal muscles produce a significant amount of body heat at rest because of their:

A)muscle sense
B)muscle tone
C)coordination
D)sensory impulses

Question 21

Vasoconstriction in the dermis will ___ the flow of blood near the body surface,and thereby ___ the loss of heat.

A)increase/decrease
B)decrease/decrease
C)increase/increase
D)decrease/increase

Question 22

Sweating is NOT an effective heat-loss mechanism when:

A)the atmospheric humidity is high
B)the atmospheric humidity is low
C)the environmental temperature is warmer than body temperature
D)the environmental temperature is lower than body temperature

Question 23

Which statement is NOT true of the skin and temperature regulation?

A)Sweating promotes heat loss by the process of radiation.
B)Vasoconstriction in the dermis occurs in cold environments.
C)Convection involves air currents that move warm air away from the skin.
D)Blood flow through the skin determines how much heat will be lost.

Question 24

Which of these is NOT a response to a cold environment?

A)decreased sweating
B)vasoconstriction in the dermis
C)increased muscle tone
D)decreased muscle tone

Question 25

The hypothalamus is the thermostat of the body because it:

A)produces heat when the body is too cold
B)gives off heat when the body is too warm
C)regulates heat production and heat loss responses by the body
D)keeps the body at a constant temperature of 35°C

Question 26

The disadvantage of sweating as a heat loss mechanism is:

A)loss of water
B)potential dehydration
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and retention of sodium

Question 27

When the humidity is high,___ is not an effective mechanism of heat loss.

A)vasoconstriction
B)vasodilation
C)sweating
D)convection

Question 28

Sweating cools the body by the process of:

A)conduction
B)convection
C)evaporation
D)radiation

Question 29

In a warm environment,decreased muscle tone will decrease ___,and dermal vasodilation will increase ___.

A)heat production/heat production
B)heat loss/heat production
C)heat production/heat loss
D)heat loss/heat loss

Question 30

Some body heat is lost by way of the respiratory tract by:

A)exhalation of carbon dioxide
B)evaporation of water in exhaled air
C)evaporation of water in inhaled air
D)inhalation of oxygen

Question 31

A windy 50°F day feels cooler than a still 50°F day because of the process of:

A)conduction
B)convection
C)evaporation
D)radiation

Question 32

Vasodilation in the dermis will ___ the flow of blood near the body surface,and thereby ___ the loss of heat.

A)increase/decrease
B)decrease/decrease
C)increase/increase
D)decrease/increase

Question 33

Air currents that take warm air away from the body surface provide heat loss by the process of:

A)conduction
B)convection
C)sweating
D)radiation

Question 34

In a warm environment,less heat will be produced because:

A)muscle tone decreases
B)breathing rate decreases
C)breathing rate increases
D)muscle tone increases

Question 35

Vasoconstriction in the dermis will:

A)increase the loss of body heat by sweating
B)decrease the loss of body heat by sweating
C)increase the loss of body heat by radiation
D)decrease the loss of body heat by radiation

Question 36

When the environmental temperature is as warm as body temperature,___ is not an effective mechanism of heat loss.

A)vasoconstriction
B)vasodilation
C)sweating
D)all of these

Question 37

Vasodilation in the dermis is NOT an effective heat-loss mechanism when:

A)the atmospheric humidity is high
B)the atmospheric humidity is low
C)the environmental temperature is warmer than body temperature
D)the environmental temperature is colder than body temperature

Question 38

Which of these is NOT a response to a warm environment?

A)increased sweating
B)vasodilation in muscles
C)decreased muscle tone
D)vasodilation in the dermis

Question 39

Vasodilation in the dermis will:

A)increase the loss of body heat by radiation
B)decrease the loss of body heat by sweating
C)increase the loss of body heat by sweating
D)decrease the loss of body heat by radiation

Question 40

The part of the brain that regulates body temperature is the:

A)cerebrum
B)hypothalamus
C)thalamus
D)medulla

Question 41

The term for synthesis reactions in the body is:

A)anabolism
B)metabolism
C)catabolism
D)metabolic rate

Question 42

A high fever may cause brain damage because ___ lose their shapes.

A)proteins
B)enzymes
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and glucose molecules

Question 43

An endogenous pyrogen is one that is produced by:

A)bacteria
B)a person's own cells
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and by viruses

Question 44

Which statement is NOT true of fevers?

A)High fevers may cause brain damage because proteins become denatured.
B)Pyrogens include viruses,bacteria,and chemicals released by damaged tissues.
C)WBCs become more efficient during low fevers,and this may be beneficial.
D)A pyrogen causes a fever by activating the heat-loss mechanisms regulated by the hypothalamus.

Question 45

Metabolism is the collective term for:

A)synthesis reactions
B)decomposition reactions
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and all other reactions in the body

Question 46

The stage of cell respiration that takes place in the cytoplasm of cells is:

A)glycolysis
B)the Krebs cycle
C)the cytochrome transport system
D)all of these

Question 47

Which statement is NOT true of metabolic rate?

A)The elderly usually have lower metabolic rates.
B)Stress situations decrease the metabolic rate to conserve energy.
C)Heat production is measured in kilocalories.
D)The basal metabolic rate is the heat production when the body is at rest.

Question 48

In a cold environment,more heat will be produced because:

A)muscle tone decreases
B)breathing rate decreases
C)breathing rate increases
D)muscle tone increases

Question 49

Anabolism is the collective term for:

A)synthesis reactions
B)reversible reactions
C)decomposition reactions
D)energy-producing reactions

Question 50

Catabolism is the collective term for:

A)synthesis reactions
B)reversible reactions
C)decomposition reactions
D)energy-requiring reactions

Question 51

The units of measure for the energy content of foods are:

A)degrees
B)grams
C)kilodegrees
D)kilocalories

Question 52

In a cold environment,shivering will increase ___,and dermal vasoconstriction will decrease ___.

A)heat production/heat loss
B)heat loss/heat loss
C)heat production/heat production
D)heat loss/heat production

Question 53

Substances that cause fevers are called ___,and include ___.

A)pyrogens/bacteria
B)antipyretics/viruses
C)antipyretics/bacteria
D)pyrogens/red blood cells

Question 54

All of these may cause fevers except:

A)cells of the stratum corneum
B)bacteria
C)chemicals released by damaged cells
D)viruses

Question 55

Kilocalories (or more simply,calories)are a measure of the:

A)energy content of food
B)fat factor of food
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and the growth potential of food

Question 56

The term for decomposition reactions in the body is:

A)anabolism
B)catabolism
C)metabolism
D)metabolic rate

Question 57

The term for the total heat production by the body is:

A)anabolic rate
B)catabolic rate
C)metabolic rate
D)energy rate

Question 58

A fever-producing substance that is produced by a person's own cells has the name:

A)exogenous pyrogen
B)heat-induction factor
C)endogenous pyrogen
D)thermal intrinsic factor

Question 59

Substances that cause fevers are called:

A)pyrogens
B)pyrotechnics
C)pyromaniacs
D)antipyretics

Question 60

The stages of cell respiration that take place in the mitochondria of cells are:

A)glycolysis and the Krebs cycle
B)the Krebs cycle and the cytochrome transport system
C)the cytochrome transport system and glycolysis
D)all three stages

Question 61

The Krebs cycle takes place in the ___ of cells,and oxygen ___ required.

A)cytoplasm/is
B)mitochondria/is
C)cytoplasm/is not
D)mitochondria/is not

Question 62

In cell respiration,oxygen is required for:

A)glycolysis
B)glycolysis and the Krebs cycle
C)the Krebs cycle and the cytochrome transport system
D)the cytochrome transport system and glycolysis

Question 63

In cell respiration,oxygen is NOT required for:

A)glycolysis
B)the Krebs cycle
C)the cytochrome transport system
D)A and B only

Question 64

In order to be used in cell respiration,molecules of glycerol are changed to:

A)pyruvic acid
B)fatty acids
C)ketones
D)glucose

Question 65

Minerals that are directly necessary for the process of cell respiration are:

A)iron and copper
B)copper and sodium
C)sodium and potassium
D)calcium and iron

Question 66

Which statement is NOT true of what happens in the process of cell respiration?

A)Most of the ATP is produced in the cytochrome transport system.
B)In glycolysis,a molecule of glucose is broken down into two pyruvic acid molecules.
C)Carbon dioxide is produced during glycolysis when oxygen is present.
D)Metabolic water is produced in the cytochrome transport system.

Question 67

In the process of cell respiration,the vitamins niacin and riboflavin are both necessary for which stage?

A)glycolysis
B)the Krebs cycle
C)the cytochrome transport system
D)all three stages

Question 68

In the cell respiration of glucose,pyruvic acid is formed during which stage?

A)glycolysis
B)the Krebs cycle
C)the cytochrome transport system
D)all three stages

Question 69

In the cell respiration of glucose,carbon dioxide is formed during which stage?

A)glycolysis
B)the Krebs cycle
C)the cytochrome transport system
D)all three stages

Question 70

Glycolysis takes place in the ___ of the cell,and oxygen ___ required.

A)cytoplasm/is
B)mitochondria/is
C)cytoplasm/is not
D)mitochondria/is not

Question 71

Vitamins that are directly necessary for the process of cell respiration include:

A)vitamin C and riboflavin
B)riboflavin and vitamin D
C)vitamin K and niacin
D)niacin and riboflavin

Question 72

In the cell respiration of glucose,ATP is formed during which stage?

A)glycolysis
B)the Krebs cycle
C)the cytochrome transport system
D)all three stages

Question 73

In the cell respiration of glucose,NADH? is formed during:

A)glycolysis only
B)the Krebs cycle only
C)glycolysis and the Krebs cycle only
D)all three stages

Question 74

In the cell respiration of glucose,lactic acid may be formed during:

A)glycolysis,when oxygen is present
B)glycolysis,when oxygen is not present
C)the Krebs cycle,when oxygen is present
D)the Krebs cycle,when oxygen is not present

Question 75

Which statement is NOT true of the stages of cell respiration?

A)Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm and begins with a molecule of glucose.
B)The Krebs cycle takes place in the cytoplasm and does not require oxygen.
C)The cytochromes are proteins found in the mitochondria.
D)The cytochrome transport system requires oxygen.

Question 76

The cytochrome transport system takes place in the ___ of cells,and oxygen ___ required.

A)cytoplasm/is
B)mitochondria/is
C)cytoplasm/is not
D)mitochondria/is not

Question 77

In the cell respiration of glucose,FADH? is formed during:

A)glycolysis only
B)the Krebs cycle only
C)glycolysis and the Krebs cycle only
D)all three stages

Question 78

In the cell respiration of glucose,metabolic water is formed during which stage?

A)glycolysis
B)the Krebs cycle
C)the cytochrome transport system
D)all of these

Question 79

In the process of cell respiration,the minerals iron and copper are both necessary for which stage?

A)glycolysis
B)the Krebs cycle
C)the cytochrome transport system
D)all three stages

Question 80

In the cell respiration of glucose,most of the ATP is formed during which stage?

A)glycolysis
B)the Krebs cycle
C)the cytochrome transport system
D)none of these,all stages are equal