Deck 11: Alcohols, Phenols, Thiols, Ethers, and Amines

Question 1

Select the compound containing the alkyne functional group.

A) compound I
B) compound II
C) compound III
D) compound IV
E) compounds II and IV

Answer 1

compound III

Question 2

Which choice BEST describes the functional groups in adrenaline, the neurotransmitter responsible for the "fight or flight" response?

A) phenol, secondary alcohol, secondary amine
B) phenol, secondary alcohol, primary amine
C) phenol, primary alcohol, secondary amine
D) phenol, secondary alcohol, secondary amide
E) phenol, secondary alcohol, primary amide

Answer 2

phenol, secondary alcohol, secondary amine

Question 3

Which of these molecules has the lowest boiling point?

A) molecule a
B) molecule b
C) molecule c
D) molecule d
E) molecule e

Answer 3

molecule d

Question 4

Select the correct structure for phenol.

A)
B)
C)
D)
E) None of these

Question 5

What is the name of the parent chain of the following molecule?

A) 1-hexanol
B) 1-pentanol
C) 5-pentanol
D) 6-hexanol
E) 2-hexanol

Question 6

Another name for a thiol is

A) sulfur alcohol.
B) sulfhydryl.
C) sulfanol.
D) sulfoxide.
E) sulfone.

Question 7

Examples of thiols in nature include

A) skunk spray.
B) onions.
C) garlics.
D) cheddar cheese.
E) All of these are examples of thiols.

Question 8

Can adrenaline form hydrogen bonds, and if so, which functional groups are involved?

A) No, adrenaline is too stable to form hydrogen bonds.
B) No, adrenaline has an aromatic ring that prevents it from forming hydrogen bonds.
C) Yes, the amine hydrogen bonds.
D) Yes, the alcohol hydrogen bonds.
E) Yes, both the alcohol and amine hydrogen bond.

Question 9

Which functional group is called a thiol?

A) R-OH
B) R-S-S-R
C) R-C=O
D) R-SH
E) R-C=S

Question 10

As the number of hydroxyl groups in a molecule __________, the solubility of the molecule increases.As the number of carbons in a molecule ___________, the solubility decreases.

A) increases; increases
B) decreases; decreases
C) decreases, increases
D) increases, decreases
E) Actually, the number of hydroxyl groups and carbons in a molecule do not affect a molecule's solubility.

Question 11

Select the correct statement regarding phenols.

A) Phenols are in the same functional group as alcohols.
B) Phenols are in the same functional group as aromatic hydrocarbons.
C) Phenols are a separate functional group from alcohols or aromatic hydrocarbons.
D) Both a and b are correct.
E) None of these is correct.

Question 12

Which statement BEST describes the following molecule?

A) This molecule is a primary ether.
B) This molecule is a tertiary ether.
C) This molecule is a primary alcohol.
D) This molecule is a secondary alcohol.
E) This molecule is a tertiary alcohol.

Question 13

Which of the following compounds contains a heteroatom?

A) All of these compounds contain a heteroatom.
B) I and II contain a heteroatom.
C) III and IV contain a heteroatom.
D) Only III contains a heteroatom.
E) I, II, and III contain a heteroatom.

Question 14

Which of the following molecules is the MOST water soluble?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 15

Which of the following molecules contain(s)a polar functional group?

A) All of these molecules contain polar functional groups.
B) All of these molecules except V contain a polar functional group.
C) All of these molecules except III and V contain a polar functional group.
D) Only I and II contain a polar functional group.
E) Only III contains a polar functional group.

Question 16

What is the IUPAC name of this compound?

A) phenol
B) methylphenol
C) 2-methylphenol
D) methyl-5-phenol
E) 5-methylphenol

Question 17

What is the BEST description of this alcohol?

A) It is a 1° alcohol.
B) It is a 2° alcohol.
C) It is a 3° alcohol.
D) It is a 4° alcohol.
E) It is both a 1° and a 2° alcohol.

Question 18

Which of the following molecules is a secondary amine?

A) All of these molecules are secondary amines.
B) I is the only secondary amine.
C) II is the only secondary amine.
D) I and II are both secondary amines.
E) II and III are both secondary amines.

Question 19

Which of these molecules is the MOST soluble in water?

A) molecule a
B) molecule b
C) molecule c
D) molecule d
E) molecule e

Question 20

Which diagram BEST illustrates the interaction of dimethyl ether with water? Note that dashed lines indicate intermolecular forces of attraction.

A) diagram a
B) diagram b
C) diagram c
D) diagram d
E) diagram e

Question 21

Which of these molecules contain(s)a secondary alcohol?

A) Molecules I, III, and IV contain a secondary alcohol.
B) Only molecule V contains a secondary alcohol.
C) Molecules II and IV contain a secondary alcohol.
D) Only molecule I contains a secondary alcohol.
E) All molecules except molecule II contain a secondary alcohol.

Question 22

How do molecules with polar functional groups behave differently than molecules with nonpolar functional groups?

A) Molecules with polar functional groups have higher boiling points.
B) Molecules with polar functional groups can be soluble in water.
C) Molecules with polar functional groups have higher melting points.
D) All of the above are correct.

Question 23

Glucose is an example of a(n)

A) diol.
B) triol.
C) polyol.
D) ether.
E) phenol.

Question 24

Which statement BEST describes the relationship between the following two molecules?

A) They react in the same way.
B) They have the same boiling point.
C) They have the same solubility.
D) They are isomers.
E) All of the above describe the relationship.

Question 25

Phenols can be powerful antioxidants.Which statement describes antioxidants?

A) Antioxidants denature proteins and destroy bacteria.
B) Antioxidants capture free radicals, which are involved in certain disease processes.
C) Most vitamins are antioxidants.
D) Antioxidants are highly water soluble.
E) All of these describe antioxidants.

Question 26

What is the structure of the conjugate acid formed when methylamine accepts a hydrogen ion (H⁺)from water?

A) structure a
B) structure b
C) structure c
D) structure d
E) structure e

Question 27

Predict the order of boiling points, low to high, for these three amines. I.(CH₃)₃N II.CH₃CH₂NHCH₃ III.CH₃CH₂CH₂NH₂

A) I < II < III
B) III < II < I
C) I < III < II
D) II < III < I
E) II < I < III

Question 28

When administered as a treatment for anaphylaxis, adrenaline (structure shown below)is administered as a positively charged ion.What is the structure of this positively charged ion? ​ ​

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 29

Which of the following molecules is 2-methyl-2-butanol?

A) molecule a
B) molecule b
C) molecule c
D) molecule d
E) molecule e

Question 30

Which of these molecules has the highest boiling point?

A) molecule a
B) molecule b
C) molecule c
D) molecule d
E) molecule e

Question 31

Molecules containing two hydroxyl groups are referred to as

A) diols.
B) triols.
C) polyols.
D) ethers.
E) phenols.

Question 32

Which of the following molecules contain(s)a thiol functional group?

A) All of these molecules are thiols.
B) Only II is a thiol.
C) Molecules II and IV are thiols.
D) Molecules I and V are thiols.
E) All the molecules except molecule III are thiols.

Question 33

How are schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease similar?

A) They have similar effects on the body.
B) Both can be easily cured with drugs.
C) The same drugs are used to cure both of them.
D) Both are diseases that in some way involve dopamine.
E) Both diseases are well understood.

Question 34

An arrow is pointing to the oxygen of the alcohol.What is the C-O-H bond angle?

A) 90°
B) 109.5°
C) 120°
D) 180°
E) 270°

Question 35

What is the molecular shape around the oxygen atom?

A) bent
B) trigonal planar
C) trigonal pyramidal
D) tetrahedral
E) linear

Question 36

What are the names of the functional groups in the following molecules?

A) I: diene II: alkyne III: alkene
B) I: alkene II: alkane III: alkyne
C) I: alkyne II: alkene III: alkyne
D) I: alkene II: diene III: alkyne
E) I: diene II: alkene III: alkyne

Question 37

Alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohols.In order to determine how to classify an alcohol, the number of carbon groups attached to a particular atom in the molecule is counted.Which atom in the molecule below is it?

A) atom a
B) atom b
C) atom c
D) atom d
E) atom e

Question 38

Which of these molecules is the LEAST soluble in water?

A) molecule a
B) molecule b
C) molecule c
D) molecule d
E) molecule e

Question 39

Which of the following statements does NOT describe functional groups?

A) A functional group must contain a heteroatom.
B) Functional groups are groups of atoms that have characteristic reactivity.
C) Functional groups are groups of atoms that have characteristic physical properties.
D) Functional groups are characteristic arrangements of atoms and bonds.
E) Carbon-carbon single bonds are not normally considered functional groups.

Question 40

Which statement BEST describes why ethers have lower boiling points than alcohols of the same molecular weight?

A) Ethers cannot hydrogen bond to one another.
B) Alcohols cannot hydrogen bond to one another.
C) Ethers can hydrogen bond with water.
D) Alcohols can hydrogen bond with water.
E) Ethers cannot hydrogen bond with water.

Question 41

Which of the following statements does NOT describe how functional groups are used in organic chemistry?

A) Functional groups are used to organize and classify organic molecules.
B) Functional groups are used to predict reactivity of molecules.
C) Functional groups are used to predict physical properties of molecules.
D) Functional groups are used in naming organic molecules.
E) Functional groups are used to determine the natural abundance of a molecule.

Question 42

Select the molecule containing a thiol functional group.

A) All of these molecules contain a thiol.
B) I only
C) II only
D) III only
E) Both I and II contain a thiol.

Question 43

Which of the following alcohols are found in alcoholic beverages such as wine and beer?

A) methanol
B) ethanol
C) propanol
D) isopropanol
E) tert-butanol

Question 44

Which of the following molecules contain(s)a nonpolar functional group?

A) All of these molecules contain nonpolar functional groups.
B) All of these molecules except V contain a nonpolar functional group.
C) All of these molecules except III and V contain a polar functional group.
D) Only III and V contain a nonpolar functional group.
E) Only III contains a nonpolar functional group.

Question 45

Which of the molecules contain(s)a hydroxyl group?

A) All of these molecules contain a hydroxyl group.
B) Only molecule I contains a hydroxyl group.
C) Molecules II and IV contain a hydroxyl group.
D) Molecules I and V contain a hydroxyl group.
E) All molecules except molecule III contain hydroxyl groups.

Question 46

Thiol groups are ____________ and therefore ___________ in water.

A) polar; soluble
B) polar; insoluble
C) nonpolar; soluble
D) nonpolar; insoluble
E) ionic; soluble

Question 47

Which of the molecules contain(s)an ether functional group?

A) All of these molecules are ethers.
B) Only II is an ether.
C) Molecules II and IV are ethers.
D) Molecules I and V are ethers.
E) All molecules except molecule III are ethers.

Question 48

Which of the following molecules contain(s)an alcohol?

A) All of these molecules contain an alcohol.
B) I only
C) II only
D) III only
E) Both I and II contain an alcohol.

Question 49

Which of the following compounds contains a heteroatom?

A) All of these compounds contain a heteroatom.
B) I and II contain a heteroatom.
C) III and IV contain a heteroatom.
D) Only III contains a heteroatom.
E) I, II, and III contain a heteroatom.

Question 50

Amines are _____________ because they react with water to ___________ a proton.

A) acids; donate
B) bases; donate
C) acids; accept
D) bases; accept
E) None of the above is correct.

Question 51

Adrenaline is responsible for the body's "fight or flight" response.Taking amphetamines results in a similar response.Which statement BEST explains this observation?

A) Adrenaline and amphetamine are both metabolized in the same way because they have similar structures.
B) Adrenaline and amphetamine both bind to the same receptor because they have similar structures.
C) Amphetamine replaces adrenaline in important biosynthetic pathways.
D) There are two different pathways for the "fight or flight" response.Adrenaline activates one, and amphetamine activates the other.
E) No one understands why this occurs.

Question 52

Which of the following molecules contain(s)a primary alcohol?

A) chitin and glucose
B) glucose and adrenalin
C) adrenalin and serine
D) chitin, glucose, and serine
E) All of these molecules contain a primary alcohol.

Question 53

What characteristics of an alcohol must be considered to determine whether or not the alcohol is soluble in water?

A) the molecular weight of the alcohol
B) the number of carbons in the alcohol
C) the number of hydroxyl groups in the molecule
D) the degree of branching of the molecule
E) both the number of carbons and the number of hydroxyl groups in the molecule

Question 54

Which of the following are examples of phenols?

A) vanilla
B) antioxidants
C) disinfectants
D) vitamin E
E) All of the above are examples of phenols.

Question 55

What is the IUPAC name for this compound?

A) butanethiol
B) 2-thiobutane
C) 2-butanethiol
D) 2-propanethiol
E) 2-pentanethiol

Question 56

Physiologically active nitrogen compounds that are derived from plants are called

A) antacids.
B) acids.
C) amides.
D) alkaloids.
E) steroids.

Question 57

What is the IUPAC name for this compound?

A) methylbutanethiol
B) methyl2-thiobutane
C) 2-methylbutanethiol
D) 2-methyl-2-butanethiol
E) methyl-2-pentanethiol

Question 58

What is the IUPAC name of the following molecule?

A) 1,2,3,3-tetramethyl-1-propanol
B) 1,2,3-trimethyl-1-butanol
C) 2,3,4-trimethyl-1-butanol
D) 3,4-dimethyl-2-pentanol
E) 2,3-dimethyl-2-penanol

Question 59

When drawing skeletal line structures of compounds involving heteroatoms, you must

A) show the heteroatoms and bonds between heteroatoms and H.
B) show heteroatoms but omit between heteroatoms and H.
C) show all atoms within a functional group.
D) just show the heteroatom.
E) None of the above is correct.

Question 60

What is the molecular shape of the amine nitrogen in adrenaline?

A) linear
B) bent
C) trigonal planar
D) trigonal pyramidal
E) tetrahedral

Question 61

Which of the following molecules contain(s)an ether functional group?

A) All of these molecules contain an ether.
B) I only
C) II only
D) III only
E) Both I and II contain an ether.

Question 62

Which of the following elements is NOT a heteroatom?

A) carbon
B) sulfur
C) nitrogen
D) oxygen
E) phosphorous

Question 63

What is the role of dopamine in the body?

A) It is a neurotransmitter.
B) It is a protein.
C) It is the energy currency of the cell.
D) It is part of our genetic material.
E) It is part of the cell membrane.

Question 64

Which of the following structures is 3-methylphenol?

A) All of these structures are 3-methylphenol.
B) Both I and III are 3-methylphenol.
C) Both II and IV are 3-methylphenol.
D) Only I is 3-methylphenol.
E) Only III is 3-methylphenol.

Question 65

Which of the following organic molecules contains at least one functional group?

A) All of these molecules contain at least one functional group.
B) All of these molecules except I contain at least one functional group.
C) Molecules II, III, and IV contain at least one functional group.
D) Only molecules III and IV contain a functional group.
E) None of these molecules contain a functional group.

Question 66

What is the IUPAC name of this molecule?

A) 2-ethyl-5-pentanol
B) 4-ethyl-1-pentanol
C) 4-methyl-1-hexanol
D) 3-methyl-6-hexanol
E) 5-methyl-1-hexanol

Question 67

The following molecule is a _____ amine.

A) primary
B) secondary
C) tertiary
D) quaternary
E) This molecule is not an amine.

Question 68

Which illustration BEST describes the polarity of methylamine?

A) illustration a
B) illustration b
C) illustration c
D) illustration d
E) illustration e

Question 69

Which statement BEST describes the role of a neurotransmitter in the body?

A) Neurotransmitters facilitate the transfer of a signal from one neuron to the next, across the synaptic cleft.
B) Neurotransmitters facilitate the passage of an electrical impulse through a neuron.
C) Neurotransmitters facilitate the passage of an electrical impulse through an axon.
D) Neurotransmitters initiate an electrical response to a stimulus.
E) Neurotransmitters block all electrical impulses through neurons.