Deck 37: Extracranial Cerebrovascular Evaluation

Question 1

Placement of the Doppler sample volume should be parallel to which one of the following?

A) Color jet
B) Plaque surface
C) Vessel walls
D) Skin surface

Answer 1

C

Question 2

When determining the ICA:CCA ratio, the CCA velocity should be obtained from which one of the following areas?

A) Proximal segment
B) Origin
C) Distal segment
D) Near the carotid bulb

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Normal vertebral arteries:

A) are asymmetrical.
B) are branches of the axillary artery.
C) demonstrate a high-resistance Doppler signal.
D) demonstrate an alternating blood flow pattern.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

An abnormal shape of the spectral Doppler waveform from the ICA suggests which one of the following?

A) Contralateral disease
B) Arterial branches
C) Proximal or distal disease or occlusion
D) Venous thrombosis

Question 5

A difference of greater than 20 mm Hg pressure between arms suggests disease of the _____________ artery.

A) common carotid
B) internal carotid
C) vertebral
D) subclavian

Question 6

Transient partial or complete loss of vision is known as which one of the following?

A) Aphasia
B) Ataxia
C) Vertigo
D) Amaurosis fugax

Question 7

A contralateral ICA occlusion may cause the ipsilateral ICA velocities to be which one of the following?

A) The same
B) Reversed
C) Increased
D) Decreased

Question 8

Intraoperative carotid duplex imaging identifies which one of the following?

A) Contralateral ICA disease
B) Abnormal blood flow
C) Increased blood pressure
D) Need for a carotid shunt

Question 9

One of the warning signs of stroke includes which of the following?

A) Severe neck pain
B) Loss of smell
C) Temporary blindness in one eye
D) Unilateral leg pain

Question 10

The innominate artery divides into the ___________ and ___________ arteries.

A) right common carotid; right subclavian
B) left common carotid; left subclavian
C) right subclavian; right vertebral
D) left subclavian; left vertebral

Question 11

Fibromuscular dysplasia typically affects which portion of the carotid artery?

A) Proximal portion of the common carotid artery
B) Midportion of the internal carotid artery
C) Midportion of the common carotid artery
D) Proximal portion of the internal carotid artery

Question 12

The Doppler sample volume should be kept ______________ during a carotid duplex imaging examination.

A) near the deep wall
B) near the superficial wall
C) large
D) small

Question 13

A characteristic of a subclavian steal is:

A) reversal of blood flow in the vertebral artery.
B) equal blood pressure bilaterally.
C) loss of diastolic flow.
D) increased pulsatility.

Question 14

A systolic velocity recorded from the origin of the ICA that is less than 125 cm/sec suggests which one of the following?

A) No plaque
B) Stenosis less than 50% diameter reduction
C) Stenosis greater than 50% diameter reduction
D) Stenosis greater than 80% diameter reduction

Question 15

The carotid body assists in regulating all of the following except:

A) balance.
B) heart rate.
C) blood pressure.
D) respiration.

Question 16

Which one of the following should be used to classify a greater than 70% diameter reduction of the origin of the ICA?

A) Peak-systolic velocity less than 140 cm/sec
B) Peak-systolic velocity greater than 230 cm/sec
C) End-diastolic velocity less than 155 cm/sec
D) End-diastolic velocity greater than 155 cm/sec

Question 17

Which one of the following is not an ultrasound finding of an ICA occlusion?

A) Echogenic material filling the lumen
B) Lack of arterial pulsations
C) Loss of diastolic flow in the common carotid artery (CCA)
D) Reduced diastolic blood flow pattern

Question 18

Which one of the following phrases defines a transient ischemic attack (TIA)?

A) Permanent loss of vision bilaterally
B) Residual neurologic deficit
C) Duration less than 24 hours
D) Loss of consciousness

Question 19

An ultrasound characteristic of the normal internal carotid artery (ICA) includes which one of the following?

A) Anterior and medial origination at the bifurcation
B) Low-resistance Doppler signal
C) Cervical branches
D) Smaller lumen

Question 20

An ultrasound finding of the Doppler signal from an external carotid artery (ECA) is which one of the following waveforms?

A) Low-resistance
B) High-resistance
C) Triphasic
D) Parvus tardus

Question 21

A normal flow disturbance along the posterior wall of the bulb is which one of the following?

A) Bruit
B) Aliasing
C) Boundary layer separation
D) Jet

Question 22

Noise caused by tissue vibration produced by turbulent flow is which one of the following?

A) Bruit
B) Aliasing
C) Reverberation
D) Boundary layer separation

Question 23

Which one of the following branches of the ECA is the most commonly visualized?

A) Facial
B) Superior thyroid
C) Lingual
D) Superficial temporal