Deck 6: Stimulants

Question 1

The psychoactive effects of coca can be made stronger by adding which of the following?

A) Tobacco
B) Calcified lime
C) Heat
D) Wine

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which decade would you have been living in when cocaine began to be a public safety issue?

A) End of the 1930s
B) End of the 1940s
C) End of the 1950s
D) End of the 1960s

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which of the following best describes cocaine?

A) An annual plant that grows to approximately half a meter high.
B) A blackthorn bush that grows to two or three meters high.
C) A small deciduous tree that grows between three and four meters high.
D) A coniferous shrub that grown only one meter in height.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Whose coca wine made him rich and famous?

A) Parke Davis
B) Karl Koller
C) Angelo Mariani
D) Benjamin Rush

Question 5

During which of the following procedures in 1884, did Karl Koller establish cocaine's value as a local anesthetic?

A) Eye surgery
B) Brain surgery
C) Psychiatric treatment
D) Limb removal

Question 6

Based on the results of the 2012 Canadian Alcohol and Drug Use Monitoring Survey (CADUMS) in 2012, which province had the highest percentage of lifetime illicit users?

A) Alberta
B) British Columbia
C) Nova Scotia
D) Ontario

Question 7

Cocaine is derived from which plant?

A) Erythroxylon coca
B) Camellia sinensis
C) Papaver somniferum
D) Ma huang

Question 8

How does cocaine affect the brain?

A) Blocks serotonin reuptake.
B) Blocks dopamine receptors.
C) Creates a local anesthetic action.
D) Depends on an interaction of multiple neurotransmitters.

Question 9

According to the Canadian Centre on Substance Abuse's 2014 report, who are the majority of cocaine users?

A) Elderly and young adults living in shelters
B) Teenagers
C) Young adults
D) Teenagers and young adults

Question 10

According to Canadian authorities working at international airports, there is an increasing trend to smuggle cocaine by which means?

A) Hiding it in passenger's carry-on luggage.
B) Converting it into a liquid form.
C) Shipping it in a raw form.
D) Using passenger rather than cargo flights.

Question 11

In what form did the general public in Europe and North America initially use cocaine?

A) Powder
B) Pills
C) Drinks, such as coca wine and Coca-Cola
D) Paste

Question 12

What percentage of students who participated in the 2007 Student Drug Use Survey in the Atlantic Provinces (SDUSAP) report using cocaine?

A) Less than 5%
B) Between 5% and 8%
C) Between 8% and 12%
D) Between 12% and 15%

Question 13

What is a marked characteristic of the coca plant leaf?

A) It is round in shape, opaque with a burgundy in colour.
B) It has concentric ribbing, on a long, narrow and pointed green leaf.
C) It has five jagged lobed structures.
D) It is oval in shape, has a green colour with distinctive longitudinal lines (veins) on either side of the midrib.

Question 14

Acute cocaine poisoning leads to all of the following EXCEPT ______.

A) Convulsions
B) Cardiac arrest
C) Respiratory arrest
D) Hallucinations

Question 15

Which famous individual studied cocaine as a treatment for morphine dependence and depression?

A) Benjamin Rush
B) Sigmund Freud
C) Angelo Mariani
D) Parke Davis

Question 16

According to the United Nations Office of Drugs and Crime World Drug Report 2009, which country is the world's largest cultivator of the coca bush?

A) Bolivia
B) Columbia
C) Mexico
D) Peru

Question 17

Before 1985 how would cocaine have been described in North America?

A) Street drug and prostitution.
B) Symbol of wealth and fame.
C) Gangs and guns and overdoses.
D) The party favour of the jazz and blues clubs.

Question 18

In reference to cocaine who said, "I find it, however, so transcendently stimulating and clarifying to the mind that its secondary action is a matter of small moment?"

A) Sigmund Freud
B) Sherlock Holmes
C) Angelo Mariani
D) Karl Koller

Question 19

A 2011 survey by the Canadian Alcohol and Drug Use Monitoring Survey (CADUMS) found this group had the highest percentage of illicit drug use?

A) Females over the age of 25
B) Males over the age of 25
C) Females over the age of 40
D) Males over the age of 40

Question 20

You are listening to a school presentation by a man who describes himself as a lifelong substance abuser. He states the most frequently used drug was "ice". What is ice?

A) Vodka consumed in a frozen cube shape.
B) A smokeable form of heroin.
C) A smokeable form of cocaine.
D) A smokeable form of methamphetamine.

Question 21

What is cocaine use during pregnancy associated with?

A) An increased risk of spontaneous abortion and placental tearing.
B) About one-third of all cases of mental retardation.
C) ADHD and depression in school-age children.
D) Greater neonatal problems than alcohol or tobacco.

Question 22

In what year was the first report released suggesting that amphetamine, a stimulant, was effective in reducing activity in hyperactive children?

A) 1927
B) 1937
C) 1947
D) 1957

Question 23

How were amphetamines used during World War II?

A) They were used by all European countries to treat anxiety.
B) They were used by the German military as a "truth serum" for interrogating prisoners.
C) They were used by the Japanese, as an anesthetic due to the shortage of other medications.
D) They were used to decrease fatigue by several countries, including Canada.

Question 24

When laboratory animals are given unlimited opportunities to self-administer cocaine injections what will most of them do?

A) Most eventually become bored with it and stop taking it.
B) They become completely tolerant to it and it loses its effect.
C) They only inject enough to keep themselves awake.
D) They will readily self-administer it until death.

Question 25

Amphetamines increase the release of all of the following from their storage vesicles EXCEPT ______.

A) Dopamine
B) Nicotinic
C) Serotonin
D) Norepinephrine

Question 26

Which term is used to describe the most common form of pure cocaine?

A) Coca paste.
B) Cocaine hydrochloride.
C) Crack.
D) White powder.

Question 27

What is the most common way cocaine is used recreationally?

A) Intravenous injection.
B) "Snorting" it into the nose.
C) Mixing it with alcoholic beverages and drinking it.
D) Smoking it in a crack form.

Question 28

After the last dose of amphetamines is taken, when does the virtual complete elimination take place?

A) Within 10 hours
B) Within 24 hours
C) Within 48 hours
D) Within one week

Question 29

When World War II was over a stock pile of amphetamines existed. Which of the following describes what the drug companies did to empty their supplies?

A) They were sold inexpensively with a prescription and advertised as a strength supplement
B) They were sold without a prescription and advertised as a cure of drowsiness
C) They were sold inexpensively without a prescription and advertised as a strength supplement
D) They were sold with a prescription and advertised as a cure of drowsiness

Question 30

The largest methamphetamine bust done in 2012 occurred in which province?

A) British Columbia
B) Manitoba
C) Nova Scotia
D) Ontario

Question 31

How long has the process for making illicit methamphetamine been on the streets?

A) Since 2002
B) Since the 1930s
C) Since the 1960s
D) Since the early 1990s

Question 32

Amphetamine was developed initially as a substitute for a closely related chemical derived from the Chinese herb ma huang. What is the chemical name?

A) Ephedrine
B) Sympathamine
C) Codeine
D) GHB

Question 33

How are amphetamines defined in Canada's Controlled Drugs and Substances Act?

A) Schedule I
B) Schedule II
C) Schedule III
D) Class A

Question 34

When illicit laboratories began making methamphetamine what name was it given?

A) Pop
B) Crack
C) Crank
D) Moth

Question 35

Which of following was NOT one of the early medical uses for amphetamine when it was first studied in the 1930s?

A) Treating narcolepsy
B) Treating anxiety
C) Treating hyperactivity (ADHD)
D) Weight control

Question 36

What is cocaethylene?

A) It is a type of freebase cocaine.
B) It was one of the popular patent medicines sold around 1900.
C) It is formed in the body when cocaine and alcohol are used together.
D) It is a precursor for cocaine production.

Question 37

When is cocaine still used for a medicinal purpose?

A) It is sometimes prescribed for weight loss for those considered "medically" obese.
B) It is sometimes used as a local anesthetic for nasal, laryngeal, and esophageal surgeries.
C) It is sometimes used as a local anesthetic for dental surgeries.
D) It is sometimes prescribed as a first step toward treating other drug addictions.

Question 38

What is the most common way cocaine is used by compulsive cocaine users?

A) Intravenous injection.
B) "Snorting" it into the nose.
C) Mixing it with alcoholic beverages and drinking it.
D) Smoking it in a crack form.

Question 39

According to the Government of Canada in 2015, which city is most known for the use of methamphetamines?

A) Toronto
B) Vancouver
C) Victoria
D) Winnipeg

Question 40

What have the studies of the mechanism of action of the amphetamines focused principally on?

A) Serotonin and the endorphins.
B) GABA and glutamate.
C) Nicotinic receptors.
D) Release of norepinephrine and dopamine.

Question 41

What is one of the more concerning side effects of treating ADHD with amphetamines or methylphenidate (Ritalin)?

A) The high rate of drug dependence that develops.
B) Decreased height and weight gain in children.
C) Increased numbers of suicide attempts.
D) Liver dysfunction.

Question 42

What is the affect of amphetamines on weight control?

A) Is factual, but small and limited in duration.
B) It usual increases rather than decrease weight.
C) It has never been scientifically confirmed.
D) It is both medically and cosmetically significant for most patients.

Question 43

Atomoxetine is a "non-stimulant" medication that has been approved for ADHD that does not appear to have abuse potential. What brand name is it sold under?

A) Ritalin
B) Strattera
C) Memantine
D) Attends

Question 44

Use of cocaine during pregnancy has been clearly linked to many types of birth defects and intellectual and developmental disabilities.

Question 45

By which means can paranoid psychosis be produced?

A) By high doses of amphetamines.
B) By methamphetamine, but not any other form of amphetamine.
C) By withdrawal from long-term amphetamine use.
D) By stimulant drugs, but only in certain individuals.

Question 46

What is the ability of stimulants to improve mental performance?

A) It has never been demonstrated in controlled studies.
B) It is a myth-all the evidence shows that amphetamine and similar drugs impair performance.
C) It is so clear that these drugs are routinely used to treat Alzheimer's dementia.
D) It depends on the complexity of the task and the person's level of fatigue.

Question 47

Karl Koller found cocaine to provide anesthesia sufficient to allow amputation surgeries to proceed without the perception of pain.

Question 48

Colombia remained the world's largest cultivator of coca bush followed by Mexico.

Question 49

Which of the following describes the use of amphetamines to treat depression?

A) Amphetamines were never used therapeutically because of their abuse potential.
B) Amphetamines could move depressed individuals from a suicidal state to a more normal range of emotions for a short time.
C) Amphetamines were safer and more widely used than the newer antidepressants, such as SSRIs.
D) Amphetamines could move depressed individuals from a suicidal state to a more normal range of emotions for a long period of time.

Question 50

Snorting cocaine is the most common route by which the drug is used recreationally.

Question 51

What are inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity characteristics of?

A) Depression
B) Post-traumatic stress
C) Autism
D) ADHD

Question 52

Sigmund Freud was always opposed to the use of cocaine for treating psychiatric conditions.

Question 53

Crack cocaine is a very stable form of the drug also known as cocaine hydrochloride.

Question 54

Chronic cocaine poisoning leads to profound CNS stimulation, progressing to convulsions, which can lead to respiratory or cardiac arrest.

Question 55

What has Alertec (modafinil) been recently approved to treat?

A) Narcolepsy
B) Depression
C) Methamphetamine dependence
D) Obesity

Question 56

Although physicians were well aware of the dangers of using cocaine regularly, non-medical and quasi-medical use of cocaine was widespread at the start of the twentieth century.

Question 57

Cocaine is a powerful central nervous system (CNS) stimulant that creates hallucinations.

Question 58

Which is the MOST critical ingredient in methylphenidate?

A) Anti-freeze
B) Baby powder
C) Battery acid
D) Common cold medicine

Question 59

In North America, little concern was given to cocaine until the end of the 1940s.

Question 60

Cocaine is still legally available for use in nasal, laryngeal, and esophageal surgery.

Question 61

Discuss the outcome of the 2006 The Northwest Territories Addiction Survey.

Question 62

Describe acute toxicity referencing cocaine.

Question 63

Describe the abuse potential of snorted cocaine.

Question 64

During the 1950s and early 1960s, amphetamines were prescribed for depression?

Question 65

Describe the effects of cocaine use as described by Health Canada (2014) and identify the routes of administration (intake).

Question 66

Who was Karl Koller, and what did he do to solidify a place in history?

Question 67

Explain the different preparations of cocaine and how they are used.

Question 68

Benzedrine is still the most common drug used in treating ADHD.

Question 69

Describe the history of coca wine.

Question 70

The process for making illicit methamphetamine has been "on the streets" since the 1960s.

Question 71

Identify four famous persons who had a role in introducing cocaine during their life time, and describe the contributions of one of them.

Question 72

Describe cocaine's mechanism of action.

Question 73

What was the role of the coca leaf in the Inca culture?

Question 74

The complete elimination of Methamphetamine in the human body occurs within 7 days of the last dose.

Question 75

Under some conditions the use of amphetamines or other stimulants at an appropriate dose can produce slight improvements in athletic performance.

Question 76

Where in Canada does the largest proportion of smuggled cocaine enter and which countries are the main providers?

Question 77

Explain the three consequences for the drug scene from the tightening of restrictions on amphetamines in the 1960s and 1970s.

Question 78

All major effects of amphetamines were discovered in the 1950s.

Question 79

The earliest medical use for amphetamine was as a substitute for ephedrine in treating asthma.

Question 80

Methamphetamine is human-made and it does not exist naturally.