Deck 2: Parenting Patterns and the Effect of Culture and Context

Question 1

Which of the following describes permissive parents?

A) They are well organized and effective in running their households.
B) They engage less in independence training of their children.
C) They do not allow their children to regulate their own behavior.
D) They tend to have high levels of self-confidence.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which of the following describes authoritative parents?

A) They direct their children's activities in an irrational manner.
B) They refrain from displaying firm control.
C) They recognize their children's individual interests and unique personalities.
D) They do not provide warmth and support to their children.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

In comparison to parents with other childrearing patterns, indulgent parents are:

A) Highest in involvement with their children and lowest in strictness with their children.
B) Lowest in involvement with their children and highest in strictness with their children.
C) Lowest in both involvement and strictness with their children.
D) Highest in both involvement and strictness with their children.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which of the following is a characteristic of authoritative parents?

A) They set standards for their children regarding expectations for future conduct.
B) They emphasize respect for parents
C) They are unwilling to explain to their children the reasons for expected behavior.
D) They emphasize obedience from their children.

Question 5

Boys reared in which of the following homes are particularly at risk for early sexual behaviors?

A) authoritarian
B) permissive
C) indulgent
D) overprotective

Question 6

Which of the following describes children of indulgent parents?

A) They are less likely than are other children to conform to their peers.
B) They are less likely to be involved in risk behaviors such as crime and delinquency than are children whose parents are authoritative.
C) They are less likely than other children to manipulate their parents.
D) They are likely to be irresponsible and immature.

Question 7

Which of the following describes indulgent parents?

A) They have clear expectations for their children.
B) They set limits for their children and provide consequences for their actions.
C) They view discipline and control as being potentially damaging to children's developing creativity.
D) They are mature with a deep sense of social responsibility.

Question 8

Which of the following is a child socialization pattern typically found in ethnic minority cultures of the United States?

A) Authoritative
B) traditional
C) Permissive
D) Indulgent

Question 9

Which of the following parents are likely to yield to coercion and manipulation from their children?

A) authoritative parents
B) overprotective parents
C) indulgent parents
D) authoritarian parents

Question 10

Children from authoritative families tend to:

A) be dependent, passive, and conforming.
B) be cooperative with peers, siblings, and adults.
C) exhibit behavior problems.
D) be less happy than children from families of other parenting style.

Question 11

Which of the following statements describes indifferent parents?

A) They provide clear guidelines for their children regarding expected behavior.
B) They seem uninvolved and even uninterested in their children's development.
C) They frequently express concern for their children.
D) They require responsible behavior from their children.

Question 12

Girls reared in which of the following homes are particularly at risk for early sexual behaviors?

A) authoritarian
B) permissive
C) indulgent
D) overprotective

Question 13

Which parenting pattern has been linked with children's psychosocial maturity, resourcefulness, reasoning ability, empathy, and altruism?

A) authoritarian
B) authoritative
C) permissive
D) indulgent

Question 14

Which of the following describes authoritarian families?

A) Children are expected to look to their parents for approval and answers to problems.
B) Parents encourage their children's participation in decision making.
C) Parents direct their children's activities but in a rational, issue-oriented manner
D) Parents engage less in independence training of their children.

Question 15

Which of the following is true of authoritarian parenting?

A) This style of rearing children is considered to be conducive to positive outcomes for children.
B) Authoritarian parents intimidate their children rather than promoting their feelings of self-worth.
C) This style of parenting promotes children's self-actualization.
D) Authoritarian-oriented beliefs and attitudes are relatively new.

Question 16

Children of _____________ parents have the highest levels of self-actualization when compared to children of parents who have adopted other styles of child socialization.

A) authoritarian
B) authoritative
C) permissive
D) indulgent

Question 17

During which stage of children's development is indifferent parenting most common?

A) Infancy
B) Early Childhood
C) Middle Childhood
D) Adolescence

Question 18

Which of the following outcomes for children is associated with having permissive parents?

A) They have higher academic achievement in comparison to children from authoritative families.
B) They are more independent in comparison to children of authoritative parents.
C) They tend to lack impulse control as well and to be more immature, less self-reliant, less socially responsible.
D) During adolescence, they are more likely to be engaged with heavy drinking than are adolescents with authoritative parents.

Question 19

Authoritarian parents do which of the following?

A) Encourage their children to think for themselves
B) Allow their children to regulate their own behavior.
C) Recognize their children's individual interests and unique personalities
D) Discourage their children from freely expressing their feelings.

Question 20

In comparison to other children, which statement best describes children of authoritarian parents?

A) They have higher levels of psychosocial maturity.
B) They have higher levels of self-actualization.
C) They tend to be less self-assured.
D) They tend to be socially adept.

Question 21

Children who perceive inconsistency between their parents' child-rearing styles are:

A) Higher on self-esteem and self-control.
B) Higher on school performance.
C) Lower on self-esteem, self-control, and school performance.
D) Higher on self-control, and lower on self-esteem.

Question 22

Which of the following parental approaches is true of non-Western families?

A) Individualistic cultural beliefs guide parental practices.
B) Explanation and discussion of directives is a commonly used parental approach.
C) Compliance of children is expected without explanation or question.
D) In traditional cultures of China, Japan, Vietnam, and South Korea, the role of the parent carries less authority than does the role of the parent in the West.

Question 23

Children from all ethnic groups in all societies benefit:

A) When parents use authoritarian parenting patterns.
B) If they think they are loved and appreciated.
C) Are firmly disciplined using techniques of time-out and withholding of affection.
D) When parents use permissive parenting patterns.

Question 24

The term socioeconomic status refers to social class and includes:

A) Income level, occupational status, and ethnicity.
B) Income level, educational level, and ethnicity.
C) Income level, educational level, and occupational status.
D) Income level, religiosity, and ethnicity.

Question 25

Which of the following is true of research focused on child socialization?

A) Almost all research focused on child socialization patterns has taken place outside of the United States.
B) Most of the research on child socialization patterns in the United States has focused on parents from minority cultures.
C) The most striking finding is how popular authoritative parenting is in non-Western societies and ethnic minority cultural groups.
D) In non-Western families we frequently see a style of child socialization that falls somewhere between authoritarian and authoritative.

Question 26

In studies of American child-socialization patterns, the ____________parenting style has been associated most often with positive outcomes for children.

A) Authoritative
B) Authoritarian
C) Permissive
D) Indulgent

Question 27

An important component of child socialization in ethnic minority families is _____________, which acts as a buffer against negative racial messages in the environment.

A) the promotion of the self
B) independence training
C) racial socialization
D) an emphasis on logical consequences

Question 28

As in studies of non-Western parenting patterns, the style of child socialization seen in many American ethnic minority families has often been mislabeled by researchers as:

A) Authoritative.
B) Authoritarian.
C) Permissive.
D) Indulgent

Question 29

Identify four contextual influences of a parent's child rearing practices.

Question 30

Which parenting pattern contributes to children's screen time usage that exceeds professional recommendations? Which parenting pattern is related to children's screen time usage that meets professional recommendation?

Question 31

Which parenting style is associated with an increased likelihood of children having more than 2 hours of daily screen time?

A) Authoritarian
B) Authoritative
C) Permissive
D) Indulgent

Question 32

Which statement best describes the Baumrind's traditional parenting pattern:

A) High Demandingness, High Responsiveness, Intergenerational Belief System
B) High Demandingness, Low Responsiveness, Intergenerational Belief System
C) Low Demandingness, High Responsiveness, Intergenerational Belief System
D) Low Demandingness, Low Responsiveness, Intergenerational Belief System

Question 33

Parents living within lower levels of socioeconomic status SES) often:

A) Adopt a more parent-centered child-rearing approach.
B) Adopt a child-centered child-rearing approach.
C) Talk more with their children than do higher SES parents.
D) Seek to understand their children's feelings and motivation.

Question 34

Religiosity in relation to parenting patterns has been found to be:

A) unrelated to parenting styles in contemporary America.
B) associated with positive parenting practices in contemporary America.
C) related to indifferent parenting.
D) associated with permissive parenting.

Question 35

Which of the following parents have heightened surveillance of their children's lives by physically shadowing them when they are participating in a variety of activities.

A) Overprotective parents
B) Indulgent parents
C) Authoritarian parents
D) Traditional parents

Question 36

Parental conflict has been associated with which of the following parenting patterns?

A) Inconsistent parenting
B) Permissive parenting
C) Authoritative parenting
D) Overprotective parenting

Question 37

The _____________ child-rearing pattern, conceptualized by Baumrind in 1987, more appropriately describes the child socialization approach found among American ethnic minority families as well as the child socialization pattern seen in non-Western cultures.

A) Authoritative
B) Authoritarian
C) Traditional
D) Permissive

Question 38

Adolescent children of indifferent parents tend to have:

A) Higher incidents of drug/alcohol use, earlier sexual involvement, and higher rates of delinquency.
B) Higher levels of social maturity, increased sense of self-worth, and higher levels of attainment of self-actualization.
C) Higher levels of academic achievement and personal creativity.
D) A stronger sense of self-management.

Question 39

An example of parent-child closeness in non-Western cultures is demonstrated by the cultural norm of _________ in the Japanese culture which emphasizes close, affectionate mother-child relationships as the foundation for parenting.

A) Taibatsu
B) Shitsuke
C) Amae
D) Haiku

Question 40

Which parenting style has been shown to play an important role in protecting children from risky online behaviors?

A) Authoritarian
B) Authoritative
C) Permissive
D) Indulgent

Question 41

What is racial socialization and what benefits does it have for children and adolescents in ethnic minority families?

Question 42

What are three outcomes for children who agree with the parental concerns of overprotective parents

Question 43

Identify three outcomes for children that are related to inconsistent parenting patterns.