Deck 12 (MC): The Heart

Question 1

The inner layer of the pericardial membranes is the:

A)parietal pericardium
B)fibrous pericardium
C)endocardium
D)visceral pericardium

Answer 1

visceral pericardium

Question 2

The function of the endocardium is to:

A)pump blood
B)prevent friction
C)prevent abnormal clotting
D)prevent excessive contraction

Answer 2

prevent abnormal clotting

Question 3

The middle layer of the pericardial membranes is the:

A)parietal pericardium
B)fibrous pericardium
C)endocardium
D)visceral pericardium

Answer 3

parietal pericardium

Question 4

As the heart beats,friction between the pericardial membranes is prevented by:

A)serous fluid
B)plasma
C)mucus
D)endocardial fluid

Question 5

The fibrous pericardium:

A)forms a sac around the heart
B)is attached to the bases of the great vessels
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and is attached to the diaphragm superiorly

Question 6

The myocardium is found:

A)lining the chambers of the heart
B)forming the walls of the chambers of the heart
C)lining the fibrous pericardium
D)external to the visceral pericardium

Question 7

The name for the muscular walls of the chambers of the heart is:

A)mesocardium
B)myocardium
C)epicardium
D)endocardium

Question 8

The heart is ___ to the lungs and ___ to the diaphragm.

A)medial/superior
B)lateral/superior
C)medial/inferior
D)lateral/inferior

Question 9

Which statement is NOT true of the location of the heart?

A)The heart is within the mediastinum.
B)The heart is medial to the lungs.
C)The heart is inferior to the diaphragm.
D)The heart is encircled and protected by the rib cage.

Question 10

The pericardial membranes,in order beginning with the outermost,are the:

A)visceral,fibrous,parietal
B)fibrous,parietal,visceral
C)parietal,visceral,fibrous
D)fibrous,visceral,parietal

Question 11

Within the chambers of the heart,clotting is prevented by the:

A)smooth endocardium
B)smooth epicardium
C)smooth myocardium
D)smooth pericardium

Question 12

The endocardium is found:

A)lining the chambers of the heart
B)lining the fibrous pericardium
C)throughout the heart muscle
D)lining the epicardium

Question 13

The outer layer of the pericardial membranes is the:

A)parietal pericardium
B)fibrous pericardium
C)endocardium
D)visceral pericardium

Question 14

The lungs are ___ to the heart,and the diaphragm is ___ to the heart.

A)medial/superior
B)lateral/superior
C)medial/inferior
D)lateral/inferior

Question 15

The name for the lining of the chambers of the heart is:

A)mesocardium
B)myocardium
C)epicardium
D)endocardium

Question 16

The function of the serous fluid between the parietal pericardium and visceral pericardium is to:

A)help pump blood
B)prevent friction
C)prevent abnormal blood clotting
D)prevent prolonged contraction

Question 17

Which statement is NOT true of the pericardial membranes?

A)The visceral pericardium is also called the epicardium.
B)Serous fluid prevents friction as the heart beats.
C)The parietal pericardium is lined with fibrous pericardium.
D)The fibrous pericardium is attached to the great vessels of the heart.

Question 18

The area in the ___ cavity in which the heart is located is called the ___.

A)thoracic/mediastinum
B)dorsal/pericardial space
C)thoracic/pericardial space
D)dorsal/mediastinum

Question 19

The epicardium is another name for the:

A)fibrous pericardium
B)endocardium
C)parietal pericardium
D)visceral pericardium

Question 20

The function of the myocardium is to:

A)pump blood
B)prevent friction
C)prevent abnormal clotting
D)prevent excessive contraction

Question 21

The superior and inferior caval veins return blood from the ___ to the ___.

A)body/right atrium
B)lungs/right atrium
C)body/left atrium
D)lungs/left atrium

Question 22

The atria of the heart are the ___ chambers,and when blood pressure rises,they produce the hormone ___.

A)lower/ADH
B)upper/ANP
C)lower/ANP
D)upper/ADH

Question 23

Which statement is NOT true of the atria of the heart?

A)They are the upper chambers and have thin walls.
B)They produce the hormone ANP when blood pressure rises.
C)The right atrium receives blood from the lower body.
D)The left atrium receives blood from the upper body.

Question 24

Which statement is NOT true of the ventricles of the heart?

A)The septum between them is made of myocardium.
B)They are the lower chambers.
C)The right ventricle pumps blood to the lungs.
D)The left ventricle has thin walls because the blood it pumps is only going to the body.

Question 25

The vein that returns blood from the lower body to the right atrium is the:

A)superior vena cava
B)inferior vena cava
C)aortic vein
D)pulmonary vein

Question 26

The ventricle with the thicker walls is the ___ ventricle,because it pumps blood to the ___.

A)right/lungs
B)left/body
C)right/body
D)left/lungs

Question 27

The fibrous skeleton of the heart:

A)separates the atria and the ventricles
B)anchors the outer edges of the valves of the heart
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and it is made of bone.

Question 28

The vessel that takes blood from the right ventricle to the lungs is the:

A)aorta
B)pulmonary vein
C)pulmonary artery
D)aortic vein

Question 29

The function of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)is to:

A)lower blood volume to lower blood pressure
B)lower blood volume to raise blood pressure
C)increase blood volume to raise blood pressure
D)increase blood volume to lower blood pressure

Question 30

The aorta takes blood from the:

A)left ventricle to the lungs
B)left ventricle to the body
C)right ventricle to the lungs
D)right ventricle to the body

Question 31

The function of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)is to:

A)decrease sodium and water excretion by the large intestine
B)increase sodium and water excretion by the kidneys
C)increase sodium and water excretion by the large intestine
D)decrease sodium and water excretion by the kidneys

Question 32

The pulmonary veins return blood from the ___ to the ___.

A)body/right atrium
B)lungs/right atrium
C)body/left atrium
D)lungs/left atrium

Question 33

The flaps of the AV valves of the heart are anchored by the:

A)chordae tendineae and papillary muscles
B)endocardium and coronary muscles
C)chordae tendineae and coronary muscles
D)endocardium and papillary muscles

Question 34

The vessel that takes blood from the left ventricle to the body is the:

A)aorta
B)pulmonary vein
C)pulmonary artery
D)aortic vein

Question 35

The veins that return blood from the lungs to the left atrium are the:

A)aortic veins
B)caval veins
C)pulmonary veins
D)systemic veins

Question 36

The left ventricle pumps blood into the ___,to the ___.

A)aorta/body
B)pulmonary artery/body
C)aorta/lungs
D)pulmonary artery/lungs

Question 37

The vein that returns blood from the upper body to the right atrium is the:

A)superior vena cava
B)inferior vena cava
C)aortic vein
D)pulmonary vein

Question 38

The general function of the valves of the heart is to:

A)help pump blood
B)prevent friction
C)prevent backflow of blood
D)keep the blood moving

Question 39

The pulmonary artery takes blood from the:

A)left ventricle to the lungs
B)left ventricle to the body
C)right ventricle to the lungs
D)right ventricle to the body

Question 40

The right ventricle pumps blood into the ___,to the ___.

A)aorta/body
B)pulmonary artery/body
C)aorta/lungs
D)pulmonary artery/lungs

Question 41

The sequence of events in one heartbeat is called the:

A)conduction cycle
B)SA pathway
C)cardiac pathway
D)cardiac cycle

Question 42

The right and left AV valves prevent backflow of blood from the:

A)ventricles to the atria when the ventricles relax
B)arteries to the ventricles when the ventricles contract
C)ventricles to the atria when the ventricles contract
D)arteries to the ventricles when the ventricles relax

Question 43

The coronary sinus is the union of the coronary ___ and returns blood to the ___.

A)veins/left atrium
B)arteries/right atrium
C)veins/right atrium
D)arteries/left atrium

Question 44

The valve that prevents backflow of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium is the:

A)mitral valve
B)aortic semilunar valve
C)tricuspid valve
D)pulmonary semilunar valve

Question 45

With respect to the heart,systole means ___ and diastole means ___.

A)faster heart rate/slower heart rate
B)contraction/relaxation
C)relaxation/contraction
D)slower heart rate/faster heart rate

Question 46

The term for relaxation of the chambers of the heart is:

A)blood pressure
B)diastole
C)systole
D)hypotension

Question 47

The term for contraction of chambers of the heart is:

A)blood pressure
B)systole
C)diastole
D)hypertension

Question 48

The pulmonary semilunar valve prevents backflow of blood from the ___ to the ___.

A)pulmonary veins/right atrium
B)pulmonary artery/left ventricle
C)pulmonary veins/left atrium
D)pulmonary artery/right ventricle

Question 49

During one cardiac cycle:

A)the atria contract together,followed by the ventricles contracting together
B)the ventricles contract together,followed by the atria contracting together
C)the right atrium contracts first,followed by the left atrium and then the ventricles
D)the left atrium contracts first,followed by the right atrium and then the ventricle

Question 50

The coronary arteries are branches of the ___ and supply ___ to the myocardium.

A)pulmonary artery/nutrients
B)aorta/oxygen
C)superior vena cava/nutrients
D)inferior vena cava/oxygen

Question 51

In one cardiac cycle,when the ventricles are in systole,the atria are in:

A)diastole
B)systole
C)systole followed by diastole
D)diastole followed by systole

Question 52

The function of the chordae tendineae and papillary muscles is to:

A)anchor the heart to the pericardial membranes
B)anchor the flaps of the AV valves
C)anchor the flaps of the semilunar valves
D)anchor the interior walls of the ventricles

Question 53

For the heart muscle,the most important substance in the blood is:

A)glucose
B)iron
C)protein
D)oxygen

Question 54

The aortic semilunar valve prevents backflow of blood from the ___ to the ___.

A)aorta/left atrium
B)aorta/left ventricle
C)aortic vein/right atrium
D)aortic vein/right ventricle

Question 55

The valve that prevents backflow of blood from the right ventricle to the right atrium is the:

A)mitral valve
B)aortic semilunar valve
C)tricuspid valve
D)pulmonary semilunar valve

Question 56

The blood vessels that supply the heart itself are called:

A)cardiac vessels
B)coronary vessels
C)myocardium vessels
D)collateral vessels

Question 57

The cardiac cycle is the:

A)sequence in which blood flows through the heart valves
B)pathway of blood throughout the body and lungs
C)pathway of blood through the heart
D)sequence of events in one heartbeat

Question 58

Which statement is NOT true of the valves of the heart?

A)The mitral valve prevents backflow of blood from the left atrium to the left ventricle.
B)The aortic semilunar valve prevents backflow of blood to the left ventricle when the ventricle relaxes.
C)The tricuspid valve prevents backflow of blood from the right ventricle to the right atrium.
D)The pulmonary semilunar valve prevents backflow of blood from the pulmonary artery to the right ventricle.

Question 59

The aortic and pulmonary semilunar valves prevent backflow of blood from the:

A)ventricles to the atria when the ventricles relax
B)arteries to the ventricles when the ventricles contract
C)ventricles to the atria when the ventricles contract
D)arteries to the ventricles when the ventricles relax

Question 60

In the cardiac cycle,which statement is true of blood flow from the atria to the ventricles?

A)All blood flows passively.
B)Most blood flows passively.
C)Most blood is actively pumped.
D)All blood is actively pumped.

Question 61

The right side of the heart:

A)receives blood from the body and pumps it to the lungs
B)receives blood from the body and pumps it to the body
C)receives blood from the lungs and pumps it to the body
D)receives blood from the lungs and pumps it to the lungs

Question 62

The amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in one minute is called the:

A)stroke volume
B)minute cardiac volume
C)ventricular output
D)cardiac output

Question 63

If stroke volume is 75 mL and pulse is 70 bpm,what is cardiac output?

A)5250 mL
B)5350 mL
C)5450 mL
D)5550 mL

Question 64

The normal resting heart rate for a healthy adult is:

A)50-70 bpm
B)60-80 bpm
C)90-100 bpm
D)80-110 bpm

Question 65

To calculate cardiac output:

A)add stroke volume and pulse
B)subtract stroke volume from pulse
C)multiply stroke volume times pulse
D)divide pulse by stroke volume

Question 66

The parts of the cardiac conduction pathway that bring about contraction of the ventricles are the:

A)AV node,Purkinje fibers,and bundle branches
B)bundle of His,SA node,and AV node
C)AV node,bundle branches,and SA node
D)bundle of His,bundle branches,and Purkinje fibers

Question 67

The cardiac conduction pathway consists of:

A)specialized cardiac muscle cells within the heart
B)nerve cell pathways within the heart
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and the skeleton of the heart

Question 68

The amount of blood pumped by a ventricle in one beat is called the:

A)stroke volume
B)contraction volume
C)cardiac output
D)ventricular output

Question 69

In the cardiac cycle,which statement is true of blood flow from the ventricles to the arteries?

A)All blood flows passively.
B)Most blood flows passively.
C)Most blood is actively pumped.
D)All blood is actively pumped.

Question 70

Which statement is NOT true of the cardiac conduction pathway?

A)The bundle of His is involved in contraction of the ventricles.
B)The SA node is located in the wall of the right ventricle.
C)The SA node initiates each heartbeat.
D)The Purkinje fibers are involved in ventricular contraction.

Question 71

Which sequence correctly describes blood flow?

A)right heart to lungs to left heart to body to right heart
B)left heart to right heart to body to lungs to left heart
C)left heart to lungs to right heart to body to left heart
D)right heart to left heart to lungs to body to right heart

Question 72

Cardiac output is the amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in:

A)one beat
B)one minute
C)one hour
D)one day

Question 73

The part of the heart that initiates each beat is the:

A)AV node
B)SA node
C)AV bundle
D)bundle of His

Question 74

The left side of the heart:

A)receives blood from the body and pumps it to the lungs
B)receives blood from the body and pumps it to the body
C)receives blood from the lungs and pumps it to the body
D)receives blood from the lungs and pumps it to the lungs

Question 75

The normal resting heart rate for a near-term fetus is:

A)60-80 bpm
B)70-90 bpm
C)80-90 bpm
D)100-140 bpm

Question 76

If cardiac output is 6000 mL and pulse is 80 bpm,what is stroke volume?

A)65 mL
B)70 mL
C)75 mL
D)80 mL

Question 77

In the cardiac cycle,which statement is true?

A)All blood is actively pumped from the ventricles.
B)Most blood is actively pumped from the atria.
C)All blood is actively pumped into the ventricles.
D)Most blood is actively pumped into the atria.

Question 78

Stroke volume is the amount of blood pumped by a ventricle in:

A)one beat
B)one minute
C)one hour
D)one day

Question 79

If cardiac output is 4225 mL and pulse is 65 bpm,what is stroke volume?

A)60 mL
B)65 mL
C)70 mL
D)75 mL

Question 80

The impulse for contraction of the heart passes from the atria to the ventricles at the:

A)AV node to bundle of His
B)SA node to AV node
C)bundle of His to AV node
D)SA node to bundle of His