Deck 26: Principles of Pharmacology

Question 1

Demerol 75 mg, IM, every 4 hours, as needed for severe pain, is what type of medication order?

A) Prn
B) Routine
C) Single
D) STAT

Answer 1

Prn

Question 2

The _____________ dose is the summation of a drug present in the body after repeated doses of the medication.

A) maximum
B) maintenance
C) cumulative
D) average

Answer 2

cumulative

Question 3

The ____________ states the name and dose of the medication ordered in a prescription.

A) superscription
B) inscription
C) subscription
D) signature

Answer 3

inscription

Question 4

__________ is the study of drugs; the science that is concerned with the history, origin, sources, physical and chemical properties, uses, and effects of drugs on living organisms.

A) Pharmacognosy
B) Pharmacokinetics
C) Pharmacology
D) Pharmacodynamics

Question 5

________ effects occur when a drug is absorbed into the bloodstream.

A) Local
B) Remote
C) Systemic
D) Antagonist

Question 6

The _________ name of a drug is its official name.

A) chemical
B) generic
C) trade
D) brand

Question 7

An agent that lowers the blood glucose level is known as a

A) hyperglycemic.
B) hypnotic.
C) hypoglycemic.
D) hypertensive.

Question 8

Schedule _____ includes drugs that have an accepted medical use but with severe restrictions.

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV

Question 9

The ___________ identifies the patient's name and address and gives the date.

A) superscription
B) inscription
C) subscription
D) signature

Question 10

An agent that blocks parasympathetic nerve impulses is known as an

A) anticonvulsant.
B) anticholinergic.
C) antidepressant.
D) antidiarrheal.

Question 11

Warfarin products are examples of

A) antiarrhythmics.
B) anticholinergics.
C) anticoagulants.
D) anticonvulsants.

Question 12

Federal law requires that all controlled substances be

A) kept with other drugs.
B) stored in a substantially constructed metal box or compartment that is equipped with a double lock.
C) kept separate from other drugs.
D) B and C

Question 13

A(n) _______ is an agent that relieves pain without causing loss of consciousness.

A) anesthetic
B) hypnotic
C) sedative
D) analgesic

Question 14

The medication order is given by the physician for a specific patient and includes the

A) drug to be given.
B) dosage and form of the drug.
C) time and route of administration.
D) all of the above

Question 15

Pediatric patients require a ________ amount of a medication than adults.

A) smaller
B) larger
C) greater
D) more divided

Question 16

The inscription of the prescription

A) contains the patient's demographic information.
B) provides the pharmacist with directions on how to prepare the prescription.
C) is the main part of the prescription and includes the drug name, dosage form, and strength.
D) provides refill guidelines.

Question 17

Xylocaine and Novocain are examples of

A) analgesics.
B) anesthetics.
C) hypnotics.
D) sedatives.

Question 18

Aspirin and acetaminophen are examples of

A) analgesics and antipyretics.
B) antitussives and decongestants.
C) antihistamines and antiemetics.
D) antidotes and antibiotics.

Question 19

Certain drugs that are used to ward off or lessen the severity of a disease are called ____________ agents.

A) prophylactic
B) therapeutic
C) diagnostic
D) replacement

Question 20

If you know the brand name of a drug, you would turn to the _________ section of the Physicians' Desk Reference (PDR) to locate the page number where the drug is listed.

A) gray
B) white
C) blue
D) pink

Question 21

Which part of the prescription contains details about the patient as well as the symbol for take?

A) Subscription
B) Signature
C) Inscription
D) Superscription

Question 22

Valtrex is an example of an

A) antibiotic.
B) immunizing agent.
C) antifungal agent.
D) antiviral agent.

Question 23

Cephalexin is classified as an

A) antifungal.
B) antibiotic.
C) anticonvulsant.
D) antianxiety agent.

Question 24

The physician prescribes a medication to be taken pc. This means

A) before meals.
B) every day.
C) at bed time.
D) after meals.

Question 25

Which of the following drugs is an example of a narcotic analgesic?

A) Motrin
B) Codeine
C) Librium
D) Zoloft

Question 26

All of the following medications can be prescribed to inhibit bone reabsorption except which one?

A) Rifampin
B) Fosamax
C) Miacalcin
D) Reclast

Question 27

The generic name for Benadryl is

A) epinephrine.
B) aminophylline.
C) diphenhydramine.
D) hydrocortisone.

Question 28

Which of the following drugs is classified as an antihypertensive?

A) Haldol
B) Coumadin
C) Lanoxin
D) Lopid
E) Dyazide

Question 29

Which of the following medications is prescribed for short-term relief of insomnia?

A) Barbiturate
B) Benadryl
C) Lunesta
D) Xanax

Question 30

Which of the following is a parenteral route of administration?

A) Inhalation
B) SC
C) Oral
D) Transdermal

Question 31

Prescribing two antibiotics to treat tuberculosis is an example of which process?

A) Synergism
B) Cumulative effect
C) Antagonism
D) Potentiation

Question 32

Which of the following medications is prescribed for the treatment of blood clots?

A) Dilantin
B) Elavil
C) Lopid
D) Warfarin
E) Inderal

Question 33

The most serious adverse reaction to penicillin is

A) nausea.
B) fever and diarrhea.
C) diarrhea.
D) anaphylaxis.

Question 34

Which of the following classes of medications is administered to cause loss of sensation?

A) Analgesics
B) Tranquilizers
C) Opiates
D) Sedatives
E) Muscle relaxants

Question 35

Substances that prevent or inhibit the growth of microorganisms are known as

A) antibiotics.
B) disinfectants.
C) germicides.
D) fungicides.

Question 36

Which of the following medications would be prescribed for a patient who has been diagnosed with a wound infection?

A) Micronase
B) Keflex
C) Propulsid
D) Lasix
E) Inderal

Question 37

Which of the following drugs is classified as an antibiotic?

A) Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
B) Glyburide (Micronase)
C) Ranitidine (Zantac)
D) Terfenadine (Seldane)
E) Triamterene-hydrochlorothiazide (Dyazide)

Question 38

Cortisone is a(n) ____________ agent that is used to treat serious inflammatory reactions.

A) vasodilating
B) vasoconstricting
C) emetic
D) anti-inflammatory

Question 39

The name of a drug that represents its exact formula is the ______ name.

A) generic
B) trade
C) chemical
D) brand

Question 40

Several regulations must be followed when managing controlled substances in the ambulatory care environment. Which of the following is one of these rules?

A) Keep drug cabinet keys in an open area.
B) Maintain log records as part of the patient's chart.
C) Stock prescription pads at the workstations of each exam room.
D) Store all controlled substances in a locked cabinet.

Question 41

Which of the following does not have to be included as part of a prescription?

A) Patient date of birth
B) Patient name and address
C) Physician name
D) Number of refills

Question 42

Medications that are prescribed to promote excretion of fluid through the kidneys are classified as which of the following?

A) Uremics
B) Antihypertensives
C) Diuretics
D) Lipid-lowering

Question 43

Which of the following medications is used to treat hypertension?

A) Lipitor
B) Proventil
C) Norvasc
D) Atropine

Question 44

When using a drug reference resource, which of the following categories includes the drug's pregnancy risk category?

A) Action
B) Indication
C) Contraindication
D) Precautions
E) Dosage and administration

Question 45

A medication that has been proven to cause harm to the developing fetus is categorized as which of the following?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) X

Question 46

Physicians registered to dispense controlled drugs are required by law to maintain an inventory of the drugs. The inventory must be maintained for how many years after the date of registration?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 6
D) 7

Question 47

Which of the following best describes the improper use of common drugs that can lead to dependence or toxicity?

A) Drug misuse
B) Drug abuse
C) Drug dependency
D) Habituation

Question 48

The section of the PDR that contains brand and generic drug information is which of the following?

A) White
B) Pink
C) Blue
D) Gray

Question 49

Jacob Szwerinski, age 79, has been prescribed Zocor and Lopressor to control his blood cholesterol and blood pressure. What physiologic change puts Mr. Szwerinski at greater risk of drug toxicity?

A) Cirrhosis
B) Increased kidney function
C) Rapid gastric emptying
D) Decreased adipose tissue

Question 50

Which of the following does NOT apply to Schedule II (C-II) prescriptions?

A) Must be either a written or an e-prescription
B) Cannot be refilled
C) Telephone or fax orders are permitted
D) May require specific types of order forms in some stores

Question 51

An example of a Schedule I drug is which of the following?

A) Morphine
B) Heroin
C) Demerol
D) Seconal

Question 52

The physician writes an order for Vicodin tid prn for pain. How would the pharmacist write this on the prescription bottle?

A) Take as needed.
B) Take every other day for pain as needed.
C) Take every night.
D) Take 3 times/day as needed.

Question 53

The abbreviation for "at bedtime" is

A) Ac.
B) Pc.
C) Hs.
D) Prn.

Question 54

Which drug name is protected by copyright?

A) Chemical name
B) Generic name
C) Trade name
D) Classified by use

Question 55

The primary organ for drug metabolism is which of the following?

A) Kidneys
B) Stomach
C) Small intestine
D) Liver

Question 56

The amount of time it takes for 50% of a drug to be metabolized and excreted is called the drug's

A) dose.
B) half-dose.
C) effective dose.
D) half-life.

Question 57

Which of the following medication orders cannot be phoned into the pharmacy?

A) Lipitor
B) Valium
C) Percocet
D) Vicodin

Question 58

The government agency that is responsible for drug abuse prevention and enforcement is which of the following?

A) DEA
B) FTC
C) FDA
D) OTC

Question 59

Pharmaceutical companies must get the approval of which of the following agencies before new medications can be marketed and sold?

A) DEA
B) CDC
C) FDA
D) AMA

Question 60

Which of the following agencies specifically regulates the development and sale of all prescription and over-the-counter drugs?

A) DDHS
B) FDA
C) DEA
D) CSA

Question 61

Which type of absorption occurs when a nitroglycerin tablet is dissolved under the tongue to dilate coronary arteries and relieve the pain of angina pectoris?

A) Mucous membrane
B) Inhalation
C) Topical
D) Both A and B

Question 62

Where are most oral medications absorbed?

A) Small intestine
B) Liver
C) Directly into the bloodstream
D) None of the above

Question 63

What occurs when a patient has a reduced responsiveness to one drug and becomes resistant to other, similar drugs?

A) Acquired tolerance
B) Cross tolerance
C) Physical dependence
D) All of the above

Question 64

Simon Anderson, a 42-year-old patient undergoing treatment for cancer of the colon, mentions to Kathy that he wants to investigate alternative treatment therapies. Explain the three primary alternative therapies discussed in your text as a way of responding to this patient's needs.

Question 65

Kathy has been asked to train a new medical assistant in office procedures aimed at preventing drug abuse. Summarize at least three instructions she should include.

Question 66

A drug that has affinity for a target cell recipient and produces a functional change in the cell is classified as which of the following?

A) Receptor
B) Agonist
C) Antagonist
D) None of the above

Question 67

Which of the following parenteral routes of administration are outside the unlicensed medical assistant's scope of practice?

A) Intrathecal
B) Intra-articular
C) Intravenous
D) All of the above

Question 68

Kathy is taking a medication history from an elderly patient who has been prescribed multiple medications by his PCP as well as several specialists. During the history, Kathy discovers the patient also takes a number of OTC drugs. What patient education information about OTC drugs should Kathy share with this patient?

Question 69

To safeguard patients from potentially negative drug interactions, it is important to

A) record a complete list of all drugs the patient is taking at each visit.
B) record all OTC medications and herbal products the patient is taking.
C) record a complete list of all drugs on an annual basis.
D) Both A and B

Question 70

Which type of drugs alters the function of a cell by affecting the physical properties of the cell membrane rather than altering biochemical processes within the cell?

A) Antibiotics
B) Antihistamines
C) Anesthetics
D) Diuretics

Question 71

Drugs used to increase urinary output and to reduce blood pressure are __________.

Question 72

Kathy is responsible for orienting a new medical assistant to the practice. Summarize the important points about government regulation of controlled substance prescriptions that she should include in the orientation.

Question 73

If a patient has previously responded to an orally administered drug but is no longer responding, what is an important question to ask?

A) Question about other medical issues
B) Question about food-medication cycle
C) Question about OTC medications
D) None of the above

Question 74

__________ medications are used to delay or block blood clot formation.

Question 75

Which type of drug administration route is chosen in an emergency for fast action or when larger amounts of medication must be absorbed?

A) Intramuscular
B) Subcutaneous
C) Intravascular
D) Oral

Question 76

Warfarin is an anticoagulant.

Question 77

A(n) __________ is used for the treatment of allergic reactions.

Question 78

Metabolism for oral medications begins in which organ before distribution?

A) Small intestine
B) Liver
C) Kidney
D) Bloodstream

Question 79

Therapeutic drugs treat and cure disorders.

Question 80

An anesthetic is used primarily to produce the sensation of numbness.